Publications by authors named "Xiaolong Zhao"

Kalmanol (1) is the first isolated kalmane-type grayanoid featuring a highly oxidized 5/8/5/5 tetracyclic carbon skeleton and 9 contiguous stereocenters. We have accomplished the efficient and asymmetric total synthesis of 1 in 16 steps from known compounds (20 steps from commercially available starting materials) by a modular synthetic strategy. A tetracyclic intermediate was prepared in a convergent manner through a Grignard reaction and a subsequent ring-closing metathesis reaction of two enantiomerically enriched fragments.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Land loss in estuarine areas has worsened recently due to decreased sediment transport from the Yangtze River, especially between 2009 and 2022.
  • This study investigates how changes in erosion and deposition conditions at the Yangtze River Estuary impact the concentration of suspended sediment, aiming to inform better management strategies.
  • Findings reveal that the estuary has shifted from deposition to net erosion for the first time since 1958, with significant erosion rates and variability in suspended sediment concentration linked to human activities and environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mesoporous platinum (mPt) nanozyme possessed enzyme-like property of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), but the insufficient hydrogen peroxide (HO) concentration severely restricted its application in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and catalytic therapy. Herein, by depositing ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and modifying photosensitizer IR808, a multifunctional nanozyme (mPt@Au-IR808) was designed to promote PDT/catalytic therapy through cascade enzyme-like reactions of glucose oxidase (GOx) and CAT/POD. In tumor microenvironment, the CAT-like oxygen (O) generation improved the PDT efficacy, and the POD-like hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation achieved endogenous catalytic therapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Lamb wave sensors leverage these guided waves in piezoelectric materials, offering advantages like higher frequencies and better integration compared to other sensor types.
  • * The paper discusses methods for improving Lamb wave sensor sensitivity and explores their development across various applications, while also providing insights for future advancements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: This study aims to examine the thyroid hormone profile and its association with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients admitted to a tertiary hospital due to SARS-CoV-2 infection between February 18 and May 18, 2022. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from the electronic medical record system.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Soft X-ray imaging is a powerful tool to explore the structure of cells, probe material with nanometer resolution, and investigate the energetic phenomena in the universe. Conventional soft X-ray image sensors are by and large Si-based charge coupled devices that suffer from low frame rates, complex fabrication processes, mechanical inflexibility, and required cooling below -60 °C. Here, a soft X-ray photodiode is reported based on low-cost metal halide perovskite with comparable performance to commercial Si-based device.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on two types of covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) used to grow TiO, leading to the creation of two different heterostructures with unique properties.
  • The CTF-AA configuration shows enhanced light absorption and electron movement, resulting in significantly higher photocatalytic carbon monoxide (CO) reduction compared to TiO alone, producing 9.19 μmol·g·h of methane (CH) and 2.32 μmol·g·h of CO.
  • In contrast, despite having better light-capturing abilities, the CTF-AB configuration has lower CO conversion efficiency due to poor electron transfer between TiO and the CTF, suggesting that optimizing interfacial interactions is
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study presents an innovative approach to solution-processed thermally activated delayed fluorescence-sensitized organic light-emitting diodes (TSF-sOLEDs) using highly efficient boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives, optimizing energy transfer while minimizing triplet loss issues.
  • By employing a 0.1 wt% ultralow doping strategy, the resulting devices demonstrate impressive performance metrics, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.5% and current efficiency (CE) of 78.8 cd A, alongside bright green emission with high color purity.
  • This new device architecture signals potential advancements for the development of high-resolution displays using a streamlined, solution-based manufacturing method
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Low-dimensional GaO has unique ultraviolet photoresponse properties, making it potential for electronic and optical applications despite challenges in preparation and performance.
  • Researchers developed ultrathin GaO layers (∼7 nm) on quartz using UV exposure to liquid gallium, which improved device response speed and performance thanks to reduced oxygen vacancy defects.
  • The resulting photodetector array not only has a high response speed and a dynamic range of 120 dB but also demonstrates effective trajectory tracking of UV sources, highlighting the potential of ultrathin GaO in UV optoelectronics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Acromegaly significantly affects glucose metabolism, showing increased blood glucose and insulin levels compared to healthy subjects, indicating disruptions in glucose balance.
  • The complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) reveals that patients with acromegaly have poorer glucose control, as evidenced by lower CGI values.
  • Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels are strongly correlated with the CGI, suggesting that monitoring IGF-1 may help assess glucose metabolism issues in acromegaly patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice. Halofuginone (HF) exerts beneficial effects on organ fibrosis, periodontitis, and cancer. However, the effect of HF against AF remains unknown.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is identified as a progressive disease that may lead to irreparable heart failure. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of DCM. This study intended to explore the potential impact of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DCM and .

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Here we report a visible-light facilitated radical addition strategy for the preparation of various natural or unnatural α-amino acids from readily available glycine derivatives and alkenes. A key aspect in achieving this side carbon chain introduction reaction, while circumventing the well-documented cyclization pathway, was the employment of a radical-polar crossover strategy under redox neutral conditions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Antiferromagnets (AFMs) are ideal materials to boost neuromorphic computing toward the ultrahigh speed and ultracompact integration regime. However, developing a suitable AFM neuromorphic memory remains an aspirational but challenging goal. In this work, we construct such a memory based on the CoO/Pt heterostructure, in which the collinear insulating AFM CoO shows a strong perpendicular anisotropy facilitating its electrical readout and writing.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Prostate cancer rarely responds to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are critical components of the immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment and are considered a promising target to enhance the immunotherapy response. In this study, we aimed to reveal the mechanisms regulating CAF plasticity to identify potential strategies to switch CAFs from protumorigenic to antitumor phenotypes and to enhance ICB efficacy in prostate cancer.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Automated retinal vessel segmentation is crucial for computer-aided clinical diagnosis and retinopathy screening. However, deep learning faces challenges in extracting complex intertwined structures and subtle small vessels from densely vascularized regions. To address these issues, we propose a novel segmentation model, called Geometry-Knowledge Embedded TransUNet (GKE-TUNet), which incorporates explicit embedding of topological features of retinal vessel anatomy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The piezo-phototronic effect uses the piezoelectric potential/piezoelectric charge generated by the piezoelectric semiconductor material to regulate the energy band structure and photogenerated carrier behavior at the interface/junction, thereby modulating the device's performance. The positive/negative piezoelectric charges generated at the interface of piezoelectric semiconductors can reduce the electron/hole barriers and thus enhance the transport of photogenerated carriers. However, electron/hole potential wells are formed when the electron/hole potential barrier caused by positive/negative piezoelectric charges is lowered too much, hindering the transport of photogenerated carriers.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Daphnetin has been demonstrated to exert beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus and renal complications. However, the role and molecular mechanism of daphnetin in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unclear. In this study, rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

MuB is a non-specific DNA-binding protein and AAA+ ATPase that significantly influences the DNA transposition process of bacteriophage Mu, especially in target DNA selection for transposition. While studies have established the ATP-dependent formation of MuB filament as pivotal to this process, the high-resolution structure of a full-length MuB protomer and the underlying molecular mechanisms governing its oligomerization remain elusive. Here, we use cryo-EM to obtain a 3.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Nimbolide has been demonstrated to possess protective properties against gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy. However, the role and molecular mechanism of nimbolide in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unknown. Diabetes was induced in rats via a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and then the diabetic rats were administered nimbolide (5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) or dimethyl sulfoxide daily for 12 weeks.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Conventional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) targets the androgen receptor (AR) inhibiting prostate cancer (PCa) progression; however, it can eventually lead to recurrence as castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), which has high mortality rates and lacks effective treatment modalities. The study confirms the presence of high glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, a key regulator of ferroptosis (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Surfactants are widely used as foaming agents to remove liquid accumulation in gas wells, enhancing natural gas production. The surfactant used in traditional foam sticks was dissolved and released as foam in a short period, especially at elevated downhole temperatures. This often requires the addition of foam sticks to maintain foam.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Heterogeneous electrode materials possess abundant heterointerfaces with a localized "space charge effect", which enhances capacity output and accelerates mass/charge transfer dynamics in energy storage devices (ESDs). These promising features open new possibilities for demanding applications such as electric vehicles, grid energy storage, and portable electronics. However, the fundamental principles and working mechanisms that govern heterointerfaces are not yet fully understood, impeding the rational design of electrode materials.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Recognition and judgment of X-ray computed tomography (CT) images play a crucial role in medical diagnosis and disease prevention. However, the storage and calculation of the X-ray imaging system applied in the traditional CT diagnosis is separate, and the pathological judgment is based on doctors' experience, which will affect the timeliness and accuracy of decision-making. In this paper, a simple-structured reservoir computing network (RC) is proposed based on GaO X-ray optical synaptic devices to recognize medical skeletal CT images with high accuracy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology for seawater desalination. The development of high-desalination and long-life electrode materials is a research focus in the global water treatment field. In this experiment, Tween T80 was used as a surface activator, and a modified electrode was prepared by facilitating the deposition of TiO active sites onto the surface of activated carbon through a sol-gel/hydrothermal two-step synthesis strategy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Xiaolong Zhao"

  • - Xiaolong Zhao's recent research includes advancements in physical sensors utilizing Lamb wave resonators, emphasizing their effectiveness in various sensing applications due to their guided wave characteristics and flexibility in design, as reported in "Micromachines (Basel)."
  • - Zhao has explored the relationship between thyroid function and severe COVID-19 prognosis in a cohort study, contributing important findings on how thyroid hormone profiles may inform clinical outcomes in infected patients, published in "Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."
  • - His work also includes the development of innovative materials, such as a soft X-ray image sensor based on metal halide perovskites, promising improved performance over conventional devices, as shown in "Adv Mater."