Sono-Triggered Biomimetically Nanoantibiotics Mediate Precise Sequential Therapy of MRSA-Induced Lung Infection.

Bacterial-induced lower respiratory tract infections are a growing global health concern, exacerbated by the inefficacy of conventional antibiotics and delivery methods to effectively target the lower respiratory tract, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. To address this challenge, this work engineers PBP2a antibody-presenting membrane nanovesicles (AMVs) specifically designed to target the penicillin-binding protein variant on the surface of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Concurrently, this work develops pure ciprofloxacin nanoparticles (NanoCip) that, for the first time, exhibits exceptional self-generated sonodynamic properties, attributed to hydrogen-bond-driven self-assembly, while maintaining their inherent pharmacological efficacy.

Supercritical Fluids: An Innovative Strategy for Drug Development.

Nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in the biomedical field, especially in the synthesis and regulation of drug particle size. Reducing drug particles to the micron or nanometer scale can enhance bioavailability. Supercritical fluid technology, as a green drug development strategy, is expected to resolve the challenges of thermal degradation, uneven particle size, and organic solvent residue faced by traditional methods such as milling and crystallization.

Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Sustained Drug Release in Carrier-Free Silver-Coordinated Anthraquinone Natural Antibacterial Anti-Inflammatory Hydrogel for Infectious Wound Healing.

The persistent challenge of healing infectious wounds and the rise of bacterial resistance represent significant hurdles in contemporary medicine. In this study, based on the natural small molecule drug Rhein self-assembly to form hydrogels and coordinate assembly with silver ions (Ag), a sustained-release carrier-free hydrogel with compact structure is constructed to promote the repair of bacterial-infected wounds. As a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, Ag can avoid the problem of bacterial resistance caused by the abuse of traditional antibiotics.

Immunosuppression Reversal Nanovaccines Substituting Dendritic Cells for Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy.

Although immunotherapy has paved a new avenue for cancer treatment, inadequate immune response often executes suboptimal therapeutic effects. In general, an effective immune response undergoes presentation of antigen by antigen-presenting cells, proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, and attack of cancer cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The antigen self-presentation and immunosuppression reversal (ASPIRE) nanovaccine derived from dendritic cells provides a simplified and immune deregulated procedure for immunotherapy profiting from its orientable peculiarity.

A super-stable homogeneous Lipiodol-hydrophilic chemodrug formulation for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Though lipiodol formulations are major options in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the clinic, their application is severely limited by insufficient physical stability between the hydrophobic lipiodol and hydrophilic drugs; thus, most chemotherapeutic drugs are quickly released into systemic circulation resulting in poor therapeutic outcomes and serious side effects. : The typical hydrophilic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was prepared as a pure nanomedicine and then stably and homogeneously dispersed in lipiodol (SHIFT&DOX) slightly ultrasonic dispersion. The drug release profiles of SHIFT&DOX were defined in a decellularized liver model.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Eculizumab for Treating Myasthenia Gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease primarily mediated by acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab), cellular immune dependence, and complement system involvement. Since the AChR on the postsynaptic membrane is destroyed by an immune attack, sufficient endplate potential cannot be generated, resulting in the development of a synaptic transmission disorder at the neuromuscular junction and in muscle weakness. The role of the complement system in MG has been demonstrated in animal models and clinical tests, and it has been determined that complement inhibition in patients with MG can prevent disease induction and reverse its progression.

Pharmacological targets and mechanisms of calycosin against meningitis.

This report aimed to identity the potential anti-meningitis targets and mechanisms functioned by calycosin through network pharmacology approach. The bioinformatics databases were used to screen and collect the candidate genes/targets of calycosin and meningitis prior to identification of vital biotargets of calycosin-anti-meningitis. Additionally, the functional processes, signaling pathways of calycosin-anti-meningitis were screened and identified before further data visualization.

Pharmacological targets and molecular mechanisms of plumbagin to treat colorectal cancer: A systematic pharmacology study.

Plumbagin (PL) pharmacologically plays the anti-proliferative effects in cancer cells, including effective suppression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact molecular mechanism of PL to treat CRC remains unclear. Using available SwissTargetPrediction and SuperPred databases, the anti-cancer biotargets of PL were identified, and the CRC-diseased targets were obtained through a DisGeNET database.

Antineoplastic effects of sorafenib on primary liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib against primary liver cancer (PLC).

Methods: Four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Civip) were used to search and assess all clinical randomized controlled trials regarding the clinical efficacy of sorafenib-exerted anti-PLC from November 20, 2006 to May 8, 2018.

Results: A total of 15 randomized controlled trials were included in this analysis, and 1102 patients with PLC were randomly assigned as sorafenib group (521 cases), and control group (581 cases).

Infliximab clinically treating ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of infliximab against ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Collection of databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, CBM, and CNKI. This meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials comparing infliximab vs.

Clinical features of aflatoxin B1-exposed patients with liver cancer and the molecular mechanism of aflatoxin B1 on liver cancer cells.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induces hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through consumption of contaminated food in Southern China. Aldo-keto reductase-7A (AKR7A) functionally plays a potent role in the biodetoxification in the liver. In addition, hepatocellular lipid disorder has found to be closely linked to the development of HCC.

To reveal pharmacological targets and molecular mechanisms of curcumol against interstitial cystitis.

This study was designed to reveal the predictive targets and biological mechanisms of curcumol against interstitial cystitis (IC). By use of available databases and bioinformatic assays, pathogenetic targets of IC and functional targets of curcumol were identified respectively. A network of functional protein-protein interaction (PPI) was produced before screening the main predictive targets, biological processes and signaling pathways of curcumol against IC.

Lipidomic characteristics and clinical findings of epileptic patients treated with valproic acid.

Our early study has found valproic acid (VPA)-induced lipid dysmetabolism in animal model, however, the details of lipid profiling of VPA-treated epileptic patients remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, the blood samples of VPA-treated epileptic patients and VPA-free controls were collected for lipidomic and biochemical assays. As results, clinical data showed the changes of some blood lipid molecules in VPA-treated epileptic patients.

Potential biomarker of fibroblast growth factor 21 in valproic acid-treated livers.

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a clinical medicine primarily prescribed to control epileptic symptoms. VPA has potential side-effects, such as hepatotoxicity. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a functional cytokine for metabolic regulation.

Effect of prenatal PFOS exposure on liver cell function in neonatal mice.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a hepatotoxic pollutant, is detected in the human cord blood, and it may induce health risk to an embryo. In this study, we established intrauterine exposure to PFOS in mice to evaluate potential impacts of PFOS on postnatal day 1 (PND1) offspring through conducting biochemical tests, quantitative PCR, and immunostaining. As results, PFOS-exposed maternal mice showed marked hepatomegaly and induced liver steatosis in a high dose of 5 mg PFOS/kg.

Adverse impact of carbon tetrachloride on metabolic function in mice.

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl ), a potent hepatotoxin, is linked to the histopathological outcomes of inflammatory or oxidative stress, and cell death. However, further study of additional dysmetabolism induced by CCl toxicant has not yet been investigated. In current study, chronical and acute exposures of CCl in mice were used to unmask the biological molecular mechanism responsible for insulin-dependent metabolic disorder.

Hepatoprotective benefits of vitamin C against perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced liver damage in mice through suppressing inflammatory reaction and ER stress.

Our previous studies show that vitamin C (VC) plays promising hepatoprotection in mice. Intrahepatic exposure of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) can induce dose-dependent cytotoxicity. However, pharmacology-based assessment of VC on PFOS remains uninvestigated.

Therapeutic targets of vitamin C on liver injury and associated biological mechanisms: A study of network pharmacology.

In our previous studies, vitamin C (VC) exerts potent pharmacological activities against liver injury (LI). Therefore, this report was designed to use network pharmacology-based strategy to predict therapeutic targets of VC against LI, and further to investigate the pharmacological molecular mechanisms. Pathological targets of LI were identified, followed by acquisition of verified targets of VC.