Engineered extracellular vesicles enable high-efficient delivery of intracellular therapeutic proteins.

Developing an intracellular delivery system is of key importance in the expansion of protein-based therapeutics acting on cytosolic or nuclear targets. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been exploited as next-generation delivery modalities due to their natural role in intercellular communication and biocompatibility. However, fusion of protein of interest to a scaffold represents a widely used strategy for cargo enrichment in EVs, which could compromise the stability and functionality of cargo.

The Explanation of Photopic Luminous Efficiency Curve by Using Both of the Cones' Optical Fiber Coupling Effects and the Absorption of L Cones.

In this paper, we build four-part cone models to explore the coupling effect of seven cone fiber couplers. Moreover, this is the first study of the coupling effect of four layers of biological couplers in animals and other biological lives. We simulate the four layers cone couplers by using the beam propagation method, and we assume the input beam is located at the outer fiber of the central cone.

Correlation Analysis Combined with a Floating Reference Measurement to Improve the Prediction Accuracy of Glucose in Scattering Media.

Noninvasive sensing of blood glucose based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a research hotspot in the biomedical field. However, its accuracy is severely limited by the weak specific signal of glucose and the strong background variations caused by other constituents in the blood, the measuring instrument, and the environment. In this paper, special source-detector distances, defined as the floating reference position, are used to conduct relative measurements and correct for background variations.

Quantitative assessment of the effect of cholesterol on blood glucose measurement using near infrared spectroscopy and a method for error reduction.

Background And Objective: There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the accurate measurement of blood glucose concentration can be perturbed by many factors. Current literature is limited in describing the influence of cholesterol on non-invasive blood glucose measurements by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). This study aims to investigate the influence of cholesterol on blood glucose measurement through clinical oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and NIRS.