Nanopore sequencing for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis-a multicentre prospective study in China.

Purpose: In this prospective study, the diagnosis accuracy of nanopore sequencing-based Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) detection was determined through examining bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) -suspected patients. Compared the diagnostic performance of nanopore sequencing, mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) culture and Xpert MTB/rifampin resistance (MTB/RIF) assays.

Methods: Specimens collected from suspected PTB cases across China from September 2021 to April 2022 were tested then assay diagnostic accuracy rates were compared.

Simultaneous measurement of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of individual microwires by using a cross-wire geometry.

The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of both metallic and non-metallic microwires are simultaneously measured by a cross-wire geometry. In this method, the heating wire serves both as a thermometer and a heater. The deflection of the heating wire is in situ modified by using the Ampère force to contact and separate the test wire.

Integrated Evaluation Method of the Health-Related Physical Environment in Urbanizing Areas: A Case Study From a University Campus in China.

Environmental deterioration in urbanizing areas increases the risks of sudden death as well as chronic, infectious, and psychological diseases. Quantifying health-related physical environment can assess the health risk of urban residents. This study uses an integrated evaluation method to simulate the health-related physical environment in the four dimensions of acoustic, wind, thermal, and landscape.

circ_103809 promotes breast cancer progression by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types in the world. This study was carried out to investigate the functional role of circular RNA circ_103809 in breast cancer. The expression of hsa_circ_103809 in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cells were verified.

Long-chain non-coding RNA GACAT1 promotes development and progression of breast cancer by targeting microRNA-875-3p.

Role of long-chain non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) GACAT1 in the development of breast cancer and its possible mechanism were investigated. The levels of GACAT1, microRNA-875-3p and Stonin2 (STON2) in breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The level of GACAT1 in breast cancer cell lines was further explored.

Sensitivity Analysis of Johnson-Cook Material Constants and Friction Coefficient Influence on Finite Element Simulation of Turning Inconel 718.

The Johnson-Cook (J-C) constitutive model, including five material constants (, , , , ), and the Coulomb friction coefficient () are critical preprocessed data in machining simulations. Before they become reliable preprocessed data, investigating these parameters' effect on simulation results benefits parameter-selecting. This paper aims to investigate the different influence of five settings of the J-C constitutive equation and Coulomb friction coefficient on the turning simulation results of Inconel 718 under low-high cutting conditions, including residual stress, chip morphology, cutting force and temperature.

Structure, optical simulation and thermal stability of the HfB-based high-temperature solar selective absorbing coatings.

Transition metal borides are a kind of potential materials for high-temperature solar thermal applications. In this work, a novel SS/HfB/AlO tandem absorber was prepared, which exhibited high solar spectrum selectivity (/) of 0.920/0.

Investigation on the Tribological Behavior and Wear Mechanism of Five Different Veneering Porcelains.

Objectives: The primary aim of this research was to investigate the wear behavior and wear mechanism of five different veneering porcelains.

Methods: Five kinds of veneering porcelains were selected in this research. The surface microhardness of all the samples was measured with a microhardness tester.

Host-induced gene silencing of an essential chitin synthase gene confers durable resistance to Fusarium head blight and seedling blight in wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) of wheat, caused by Fusarium pathogens, are devastating diseases worldwide. We report the expression of RNA interference (RNAi) sequences derived from an essential Fusarium graminearum (Fg) virulence gene, chitin synthase (Chs) 3b, as a method to enhance resistance of wheat plants to fungal pathogens. Deletion of Chs3b was lethal to Fg; disruption of the other Chs gene family members generated knockout mutants with diverse impacts on Fg.

An atypical winter outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease associated with human enterovirus 71, 2010.

Background: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic molecular characteristics of an hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreak caused by enterovirus 71 in Linyi City, Shandong Province, China during November 30 to December 28, 2010.

Methods: One hundred and seventy three stool specimens and 40 throat samples were collected from 173 hospitalized cases. Epidemiologic and clinical investigations, laboratory testing, and genetic analyses were performed to identify the causal pathogen of the outbreak.

The option value of innovative treatments in the context of chronic myeloid leukemia.

Objective: To quantify in the context of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) the additional value patients receive when innovative treatments enable them to survive until the advent of even more effective future treatments (ie, the "option value").

Study Design: Observational study using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry comprising all US patients with CML diagnosed between 2000 and 2008 (N = 9,760).

Methods: We quantified the option value of recent breakthroughs in CML treatment by first conducting retrospective survival analyses on SEER data to assess the effectiveness of TKI treatments, and then forecasting survival from CML and other causes to measure expected future medical progress.

Electrochemical microdevice for on-site determination of rice freshness.

An electrochemical microdevice was fabricated for on-site rapid freshness determination of rice. The activity of peroxidase was used as an indicator for freshness. With hydrogen peroxide and hydroquinone as substrates, the enzymatic reaction of peroxidase produced benzoquinone, which was subsequently reduced on a gold working electrode electrochemically.

DR2539 is a novel DtxR-like regulator of Mn/Fe ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzyme in Deinococcus radiodurans.

Transcriptional regulators of the diphtheria toxin repressor (DtxR) family control the expression of genes involved in the uptake of iron and manganese, which is not only necessitous nutrients but also was suggested to be essential for intracellular redox cycling of microorganisms. We identified a unique DtxR homologue (DR2539) with special characteristics from Deinococcus radiodurans, which is known for its extreme resistance to radiation and oxidants. The dr2539 mutant showed higher resistance to hydrogen peroxide than the wild-type strain R1.