Construction of tetrahedral mesh phantom for Chinese women of childbearing age.

Although the boundary representation (BREP) method creates detailed surface phantoms of Chinese women of childbearing age, these phantoms cannot be directly used in Monte Carlo simulations. They must first be converted into voxel phantoms, a process that may diminish some of the inherent advantages of the surface phantoms. Therefore, the aim of this study is to construct a tetrahedral mesh (TM) phantom of Chinese women of childbearing age based on the BREP phantom, incorporating micron-level structural refinements to certain organ tissues while maintaining the original model's structure.

Combining computed tomography features of left atrial epicardial and pericoronary adipose tissue with the triglyceride-glucose index to predict the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation: a machine learning study.

Background: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) represents an important treatment option for atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the recurrence rate following surgery is relatively high. This study aimed to predict the recurrence of AF after RFCA using interpretable machine learning models that combined the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the quantification of left atrial epicardial and pericoronary adipose tissue.

Methods: This retrospective study included 325 patients with AF who underwent their first successful RFCA, among whom 79 had confirmed recurrence.

Face Masking and Risk of Endophthalmitis after Intravitreal Injection: A Network Meta-analysis of 2.6 Million Injections.

Topic: To compare face-masking protocols for post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis (PIE) prophylaxis.

Clinical Relevance: Although mask mandates are lifted, ophthalmologists may question whether continued investment into face masks will influence rates of PIE.

Methods: We included comparative studies of PIE incidence by masking policy (i.

Harnessing Extrinsic Dissipation to Enhance the Toughness of Composites and Composite Joints: A State-of-the-Art Review of Recent Advances.

Interfaces play a critical role in modern structures, where integrating multiple materials and components is essential to achieve specific functions. Enhancing the mechanical performance of these interfaces, particularly their resistance to delamination, is essential to enable extremely lightweight designs and improve energy efficiency. Improving toughness (or increasing energy dissipation during delamination) has traditionally involved modifying materials to navigate the well-known strength-toughness trade-off.

Risk factor analysis of microvascular obstruction after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the risk factors of microvascular obstruction (MVO) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 165 patients with STEMI who successfully underwent emergency PCI and completed cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) within 1 week after PCI. Total ischemia time (symptom onset to wire, S2W), first medical contact to wire (FMC2W), and door to wire (D2W) were compared with the recommended critical time nodes for STEMI treatment.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients with major depressive disorder on exercise therapy.

Background: This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward exercise therapy of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between April and October 2023 in patients with MDD. A self-designed questionnaire was used to evaluate the KAP (Cronbach's α = 0.

MD-UNet: a medical image segmentation network based on mixed depthwise convolution.

In the process of cancer diagnosis and treatment, accurate extraction of the lesion area helps the doctor to judge the condition. Currently, medical image segmentation algorithms based on UNet have been verified to be able to play an important role in clinical diagnosis. However, these methods still have the following drawbacks in extracting the region of interest (ROI): (1) ignoring the intra-class variability of medical images.

Atmospheric-moisture-induced polyacrylate hydrogels for hybrid passive cooling.

Heat stress is being exacerbated by global warming, jeopardizing human and social sustainability. As a result, reliable and energy-efficient cooling methods are highly sought-after. Here, we report a polyacrylate film fabricated by self-moisture-absorbing hygroscopic hydrogel for efficient hybrid passive cooling.

Exploring the visualization of human milk odor profiles: Intuitive characterization and construction of the link between odor compounds and sensory attributes.

Studies on odor are not negligible in the human milk (HM) science field because it plays an irreplaceable role in the feeding process of infants. This study aimed to investigate the odor skeleton components (OSCs) in HM and verify and construct an intuitive link between them and the HM odor attributes. A total of 72 odor-active compounds were identified from 32 HMs using the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry.

Acute aerobic exercise regulation of myocardial calcium homeostasis involves CASQ1, CASQ2, and TRDN.

Exercise maintains cardiac calcium homeostasis and promotes cardiovascular health. This study explored temporal changes of calcium-related myocardial transcriptome changes during the recovery phase following a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at four time points (0, 12, 24, and 72 h postexercise).

Inherited disease-linked arginine76/75 mutants in Cx50 and Cx45 showed impaired homotypic and heterotypic gap junction function, but not Cx43.

Connexins form intercellular communication channels, known as gap junctions (GJs), in many tissues/organs. Mutations in connexin genes are found to be linked to various inherited diseases, but the mechanisms are not fully clear. The Arg76 (R76) in Cx50 is fully conserved across the entire connexin family and is a hotspot for five connexin-linked inherited diseases, including Cx50 and Cx46-linked congenital cataract, Cx43-linked oculodentodigital dysplasia, and Cx45-linked cardiac arrhythmias.

Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Interventions for Treating Herpes Stromal Keratitis: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is an immune-mediated corneal inflammation that occurs after a herpes simplex virus infection. This paper aims to systematically identify and compare interventions for treating HSK and their patient outcomes.

Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA methodology.

Allelic phenotype prediction of phenylketonuria based on the machine learning method.

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. Our study aimed to predict the phenotype using the allelic genotype.

Methods: A total of 1291 PKU patients with 623 various variants were used as the training dataset for predicting allelic phenotypes.

Access to Pediatric Eye Care During a Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Visual impairment affects many children and can lead to blindness if untreated. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to various restrictions and other challenges accessing in-person medical care, including essential pediatric eye care. The aim of this article was to determine and quantify the effect that pandemics have on access to pediatric eye care.

Response Mechanisms of Adventitious Root Architectural Characteristics of Shrubs to Soil Nutrients in Nabkha.

The adventitious roots of desert shrubs respond to a nabkhas soil environment by adjusting their configuration characteristics, but the mechanism of this response and the main influencing factors are still unclear. To illustrate this response pattern, Bobrov, Sovetsk. in West Ordos National Nature Reserve was studied, and the shrub was divided into three growth stages: the rudimental stage, developing stage, and stabilizing stage.

The Hydrophobic Residues in Amino Terminal Domains of Cx46 and Cx50 Are Important for Their Gap Junction Channel Ion Permeation and Gating.

Lens gap junctions (GJs) formed by Cx46 and Cx50 are important to keep lens transparency. Functional studies on Cx46 and Cx50 GJs showed that the V-gating, single channel conductance (γ), gating polarity, and/or channel open stability could be modified by the charged residues in the amino terminal (NT) domain. The role of hydrophobic residues in the NT on GJ properties is not clear.

Mutation screening of eight genes and comparison of the clinical data in a Chinese cohort with congenital hypothyroidism.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common neonatal endocrine disorder, characterized by irreversible intellectual disability and short stature if left untreated. It can be divided into thyroid dysgenesis (TD), including athyreosis, ectopy and hypoplasia, and dyshormonogenesis (DH), also referring to gland in situ (GIS), in which patients have eutopic thyroids with normal size or goiter. This study aims to analyze the clinical and genetic data of 375 Chinese CH patients without DUOX2 and thyroid transcription factor (TTF) variants, and to explore the mutation frequencies of the eight genes and the inheritance pattern of CH.

[Effect of knee arthroscopy on subsequent total knee arthroplasty: Meta-analysis].

Objective: To evaluate effect of knee arthroscopy on prognosis of subsequent total knee arthroplasty (total knee arthroplasty, TKA) by Meta-analysis.

Methods: Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and other databases were searched by computer from establishing to October 2020 to collect literatures on effect of knee arthroscopy on prognosis of subsequent TKA. Quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out according to inclusion, exclusion criteria and literature screening.

Time-dependent Effects of Moderate- and High-intensity Exercises on Myocardial Transcriptomics.

The heart is a highly adaptable organ that responds to changes in functional requirements due to exposure to internal and external stimuli. Physical exercise has unique stimulatory effects on the myocardium in both healthy individuals and those with health disorders, where the effects are primarily determined by the intensity and recovery time of exercise. We investigated the time-dependent effects of different exercise intensities on myocardial transcriptional expression in rats.

Identification of phenylketonuria patient genotypes using single-gene full-length sequencing.

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common, autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by PAH gene variants. After routine genetic analysis methods were applied, approximately 5% of PKU patients were still not diagnosed with a definite genotype.

Methods: In this study, for the first time, we identified PKU patients with unknown genotypes via single-gene full-length sequencing.

[Analysis of GCH1 gene variant in a consanguineous Chinese pedigree affected with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a child featuring tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency and global developmental delay.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory examinations were carried out for the child. Genomic DNA of the patient was subjected to high-throughput sequencing to identify genetic variants associated with hyperphenylalaninemia.