Neuroanatomical and clinical factors predicting future cognitive impairment.

Identifying cognitively normal (CN) older adults who will convert to cognitive impairment (CI) due to Alzheimer's disease is crucial for early intervention. Clinical and neuroimaging measures were acquired from 301 CN adults who converted to CI within 15 years of baseline, and 294 who did not. Regional volumes and brain age measures were extracted from T-weighted magnetic resonance images.

Multiphase enhanced CT-based transformer for differential diagnosis and predicting surgical risk events of solid abdominal tumors in children.

Background: For pediatric patients with solid abdominal tumors, early diagnosis can guide clinical treatment decisions, and comprehensive preoperative evaluation is essential to reduce surgical risk. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of multiphase enhanced CT-based transformer in the early diagnosis of tumors and prediction of surgical risk events (SRE).

Methods: A total of 496 pediatric patients with solid abdominal tumors were enrolled in the study.

Efficacy and safety of selumetinib in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The approval of selumetinib in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PN) has reshaped the landscape of clinical management of the disease, and further comprehensive evaluation of the drug's efficacy and safety is needed.

Methods: Original articles reporting on the efficacy and safety of elumetinib in patients with NF1 were comprehensively searched in the Pubmed database, Embase database, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database and screened for inclusion of studies that met the criteria. We pooled the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), disease progression rate (DPR), and the rate of improvement in PN-related complications using meta-analysis.

Seasonal changes driving shifts in microbial community assembly and species coexistence in an urban river.

Microbial communities play a vital role in urban river biogeochemical cycles. However, the seasonal variations in microbial community characteristics, particularly phylogenetic group-based community assembly and species coexistence, have not been extensively investigated. Here, we systematically explored the microbiome characteristics and assembly mechanisms of urban rivers in different seasons using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multivariate statistical methods.

The Effects of Crystalline Admixture on the Self-Healing Performance and Mechanical Properties of Mortar with Internally Added Superabsorbent Polymer.

Crystalline admixture (CA) can be incorporated into concrete to achieve self-healing of concrete cracks. In this study, both CA and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) were used as self-healing agents to investigate the effects of CA on the self-healing performance and mechanical properties of mortar with internally added SAP at different self-healing ages. The healing effect of cracks in mortar is assessed by crack observation and impermeability.

Investigating Risk Factors and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Based Grading of Subchondral Incomplete Fracture (SIF) of Medial Femoral Condyle.

Background: Subchondral insufficiency fractures (SIF) of the knee joint are prevalent in osteoporosis patients over the age of 55. Early diagnosis of SIF fracture of the medial femoral condyle is crucial for delaying disease progression, early therapy, and potential disease reversal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in detecting SIF, which is often undetectable on initial radiographs.

Combination of Ultrasound and Molecular Markers in Evaluating Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis in Lower Limbs: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors of isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) in the lower limbs by using a combination of Doppler ultrasound and thrombus molecular markers.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was used. We selected 145 patients with deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs.

Compositional changes and ecological characteristics of earthworm mucus under different electrical stimuli.

Earthworm mucus is rich in nutrients that can initiate the mineralization and humification of organic matter and is of great importance for contaminated soil remediation and sludge reutilization. In this study, six voltage and current combinations were utilized to promote earthworm mucus production (5 V and 6 V at 10, 20 and 30 mA, respectively), to explore the compositional changes of the mucus produced under different electrical stimuli, and to propose the best electrical stimulation group and mucus fraction applicable to soil heavy metal pollution remediation and sludge reutilization. The results showed that the mucus produced by the six electrical stimuli was mainly composed of proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and polysaccharides, with small amounts of alcohol, phenol, and ester organic substances.

The correlation between types of posterior upper rotator cuff tears and intramuscular fat infiltration based on magnetic resonance imaging: A retrospective observational study.

This study investigated the correlation between types of posterior upper rotator cuff tears (RCTs) and intramuscular fat infiltration (FI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The shoulder joints of 50 adults with a full-thickness posterior upper RCT diagnosed by MRI, from January 2019 to December 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to tear type: 1) an L-shaped tear group; 2) a crescent/U-shaped tear group; 3) a complete tear group.

The clinical value of using magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced three-dimensional nerve view in the diagnosis and management of sacral fracture accompanied by sacral plexus injury.

Background: The treatment of sacral fractures accompanied by nerve injury is complex and often leads to an unsatisfactory prognosis and poor quality of life in patients.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical value of using 3.0T magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (MR CE-3D) nerve view magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in the diagnosis and management of a sacral fracture accompanied by a sacral plexus injury.

Analysis of spatial and temporal changes of vegetation cover and its driving forces in the Huainan mining area.

The Huainan mining area is rich in coal resources and has sparse vegetation and many collapsed waterways. Large-scale and long-term underground coal mining has led to a fragile ecological environment in the mining area, and it is urgent to solve the contradiction between coal development and ecological environmental protection. The Huainan mining area was selected as the research object, and the vegetation cover was extracted using 10-phase Landsat multispectral remote sensing images from 1989 to 2021 to analyze its spatial and temporal changes and driving forces to provide a scientific basis for the guided restoration of the ecological environment in the region.

Posterior INFIX for Treating Unilateral Unstable Sacral Fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the treatment of unilateral unstable sacral fractures by fixation with the posterior INFIX (posterior pelvic ring screw-rod internal fxation).

Methods: Data of 60 patients with unilateral unstable sacral fractures who underwent surgery from March 2013 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed according to the selection criteria. All patients were associated with anterior pelvic ring injuries, and the operations were performed by the same team of surgeons.

The drivers of collaborative innovation of the comprehensive utilization technologies of coal fly ash in China: a network analysis.

Coal consumption brings a lot of coal fly ash (CFA). It requires interdisciplinary efforts in research, policy, and practice to improve the utilization of CFA. Although there have been a lot of achievements in technological innovation, the utilization of CFA is still difficult to match its output.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the correlation between calcific tendinitis and rotator cuff injury.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the incidence of calcific tendinitis (CaT) in rotator cuff tears (RCTs) and to assess the correlation between CaT and RCTs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: The MRI of 108 patients with rotator cuff CaT admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Another retrospective analysis was made of 108 patients with similar age, gender, occupation, and shoulder injury side to those in the first group.

Visual Sequence Algorithm for Moving Object Tracking and Detection in Images.

Objective: The effects of different algorithms on detecting and tracking moving objects in images based on computer vision technology are studied, and the best algorithm scheme is confirmed.

Methods: An automatic moving target detection and tracking algorithm based on the improved frame difference method and mean-shift was proposed to test whether the improved algorithm has improved the detection and tracking effect of moving targets. The algorithm improves the traditional three-frame difference method and introduces a single Gaussian background model to participate in target detection.

An Overview of Hepatic Echinococcosis and the Characteristic CT and MRI Imaging Manifestations.

Hepatic echinococcosis is a parasitic, infectious disease with a high incidence in pastoral areas. It is highly infectious with a poor prognosis in some cases, which seriously affects the quality of life for people living in pastoral areas. This study aims to discuss the radiological characteristics, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), of hepatic echinococcosis from its definition, transmission, and pathological physiology.

Bibliometric analysis of phosphogypsum research from 1990 to 2020 based on literatures and patents.

The demand together with the urgency of phosphogypsum (PG) treatment will pose significant challenges for many countries. This research aims to explore the research progress of PG, including basic status, cooperation situation, research fields, and development trends, based on the Web of Science database through bibliometric analysis of publications (articles and patents) from 1990 to 2020. The results show that academic research on PG originated early, but the number of patents grew quickly.

The preparation of novel mineral-based mesoporous microsphere by microencapsulation technology and its application in the adsorption of dye contaminants.

Microencapsulation technology was adopted to prepare the novel mineral-based mesoporous microsphere (MBMM) for the removal of dye contaminants from water. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller zeta potential analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry were used to investigate the microstructure characteristics of MBMM and its changes in the functional groups before and after adsorption. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of calcination temperature, initial concentration, pH, contact temperature, and time on the adsorption behavior of rhodamine B and methylene blue onto MBMM.

Preparation of core-shell structured polystyrene @ graphene oxide composite microspheres with high adsorption capacity and its removal of dye contaminants.

Styrene was added dropwise to graphene dispersion solution by Pickering emulsion method to fabricate polystyrene @ graphene oxide layered composite microspheres (Pst@GO) for the removal of dye pollutants from water solution. Field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, Brunauer emmett teller, zeta potential analyser and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer were adopted to analyse the changes in the microstructure and functional group of Pst@GO before and after the adsorption. The effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dose, pH, adsorption temperature and time on the adsorption behaviour of RhB and MB onto Pst@GO were studied by batch experiments.

Characterization and adsorption performance of graphene oxide - montmorillonite nanocomposite for the simultaneous removal of Pb and p-nitrophenol.

Montmorillonite-graphene oxide composite (MGC) with their own advantages was successfully fabricated for the simultaneous treatment of the combined pollution wastewater containing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants. The features of MGC were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, a series of batch experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption performance of Pb and p-nitrophenol (PNP) onto MGC in single and binary system.

Monitoring newly synthesized proteins over the adult life span of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Little is known regarding how the synthesis and degradation of individual proteins change during the life of an organism. Such knowledge is vital to understanding the aging process. To fill this knowledge gap, we monitored newly synthesized proteins on a proteome scale in Caenorhabditis elegans over time during adulthood using a stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based label-chase approach.

Integrin-linked kinase modulates longevity and thermotolerance in C. elegans through neuronal control of HSF-1.

Integrin-signaling complexes play important roles in cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion in many species. Components of the integrin-signaling complex have been linked to aging in both Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but the mechanism underlying this function is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key component of the integrin-signaling complex, in lifespan determination.

[Preliminary study on cultivation of adventitious roots of Hypericum perforatum in bioreactors].

Objective: To cultivate adventitious roots of Hypericum perforatum in bioreactors, in order to seek for suitable conditions for adventitious growth.

Method: The effect of IBA concentration, sugar type and concentration, inoculum volume and air volume of adventitious roots on the cultivation of adventitious roots of H. perforatum was observed in a 5 L air-lift bioreactor.

Myotubularin family phosphatase ceMTM3 is required for muscle maintenance by preventing excessive autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: Autophagy is a ubiquitous cellular process responsible for the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components through the autophagosomal-lysosomal pathway. In skeletal muscle, autophagy has been regarded as a key regulator for muscle mass maintenance, and its imbalance leads to sarcopenia. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.

C. elegans SIRT6/7 homolog SIR-2.4 promotes DAF-16 relocalization and function during stress.

FoxO transcription factors and sirtuin family deacetylases regulate diverse biological processes, including stress responses and longevity. Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans sirtuin SIR-2.4--homolog of mammalian SIRT6 and SIRT7 proteins--promotes DAF-16-dependent transcription and stress-induced DAF-16 nuclear localization.