How Do Mobile Social Apps Matter for College Students' Satisfaction in Group-Based Learning? The Mediation of Collaborative Learning.

Recently, many universities apply mobile tools to teaching practices. For instance, some teachers may set up groups on mobile social apps and assign course tasks and advise college students to submit papers online. Nevertheless, how these mobile social apps affect teaching practices, especially the process of students' satisfaction needs to be further explored.

Comprehensive studies on the nature of interaction between carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin.

Herein, the interaction between carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) and bovine serum albumin has been investigated by using circular dichroism, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopic methods and molecular modeling in order to better understand the basic behavior of carbon nanotubes in biological systems. The spectral results showed that MWCNTs-COOH bound to BSA and induced the relatively large changes in secondary structure of protein by mainly hydrophobic forces and π-π stacking interactions. Thermal denaturation of BSA in the presence of MWCNTs-COOH indicated that carbon nanotubes acted as a structure destabilizer for BSA.

The Primary Research on the Gut Microbes in KKAy Mice.

In the first part of this paper, gut microbial difference of two genotypes mice was researched. The gut microbial community of type 2 diabetes animal model KKAy mice and normal C57BL/6J mice had clear distinctions in DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) profiles. The pairwise similarity coefficient (C s ) was only 26-44 % between KKAy and C57BL/6J, but C s was 82-100 % among same genotypes mice.