GW3, encoding a member of the P450 subfamily, controls grain width by regulating the GA content in spikelets of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

A stable QTL, GW3, controlling grain width was identified in two populations. Its causal gene LOC_Os03g04680 was verified by gene-based haplotype analysis, expression analysis, gene knockout and complementation transgenic tests. Grain width (GW) is one of the key traits affecting grain size and determines grain yield and appearance quality in rice.

Identifying the Quantitative Trait Locus and Candidate Genes of Traits Related to Milling Quality in Rice via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

Milling quality directly affects production efficiency in rice, which is closely related to the brown rice recovery (BRR), the milled rice recovery (MRR) and the head milled rice recovery (HMRR). The present study investigated these three traits in 173 germplasms in two environments, finding abundant phenotypic variation. Three QTLs for BRR, two for MRR, and three for HMRR were identified in a genome-wide association study, five of these were identified in previously reported QTLs and three were newly identified.

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Unravels New Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for Eight Lodging Resistance Constituent Traits in Rice ( L.).

Lodging poses a significant challenge to rice yield, prompting the need to identify elite alleles for lodging resistance traits to improve cultivated rice varieties. In this study, a natural population of 518 rice accessions was examined to identify elite alleles associated with plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), stem anti-thrust (AT/S), and various internode lengths (first (FirINL), second (SecINL), third (ThirINL), fourth (ForINL), and fifth (FifINL) internode lengths). A total of 262 SSR markers linked to these traits were uncovered through association mapping in two environmental conditions.

QTL Detection and Candidate Gene Identification for Eating and Cooking Quality Traits in Rice ( L.) via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

The eating and cooking quality (ECQ) directly affects the taste of rice, being closely related to factors such as gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and amylose content (AC). Mining the quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and gene loci controlling ECQ-related traits is vital. A genome-wide association study on ECQ-related traits was conducted, combining 1.

Proteomics Analysis of Serum Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Heart Failure Patients with Phlegm-Blood Stasis Syndrome.

Heart failure (HF), a complex clinical syndrome, has become a global burden on health and economics around the world. Phlegm-blood stasis syndrome, one of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation, is the core pathogenesis dynamically throughout the occurrence, development, and prognosis of HF. Biomarkers having high sensitivity and specificity are highly demanded to facilitate the accurate differentiation of HF patients with phlegm-blood stasis syndrome.

LAX1, functioning with MADS-box genes, determines normal palea development in rice.

Normal floral organ development in rice is necessary for grain formation. Many MADS-box family genes that belong to ABCDE model have been widely implicated in rice flower development. The LAX1 allele encodes a plant-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, which is the main regulator of axillary meristem formation in rice.

A new allele identified by genome-wide association study increases panicle elongation length in rice ( L.).

Considering the male sterile line has the phenomenon of panicle enclosure, panicle elongation length (PEL) plays an important role in hybrid rice seed production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the PEL phenotypic values of 353 rice accessions across six environments, which shows abundant phenotypic variation.

Screening germplasm and detecting QTLs for mesocotyl elongation trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by association mapping.

Background: Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world and mainly cultivated in paddy field by transplanting seedlings. However, increasing water scarcity due to climate change, labor cost for transplanting, and competition from urbanization is making this traditional method of rice production unsustainable in the long term. In the present study, we mined favorable alleles for mesocotyl elongation length (MEL) by combining the phenotypic data of 543 rice accessions with genotypic data of 262 SSR markers through association mapping method.

QTL mapping and identification of candidate genes using a genome-wide association study for heat tolerance at anthesis in rice ( L.).

Heat tolerance (HT) of rice at anthesis is a key trait that ensures high and stable yields under heat stress. Finding the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and gene loci controlling HT is crucial. We used relative spikelet fertility (RSF) as a measure of HT.

An Analysis of Natural Variation Reveals That Controls Flag Leaf Angle in Rice ( L.).

Flag leaf angle (FLA) is an important outcrossing trait affecting the hybrid seed production in rice ( L.). Natural variation of FLA has been reported in rice, but the molecular basis for this variation is largely unknown.

Detection of QTLs for Plant Height Architecture Traits in Rice ( L.) by Association Mapping and the RSTEP-LRT Method.

Plant height (PH) and its component traits are critical determinants of lodging resistance and strongly influence yield in rice. The genetic architecture of PH and its component traits were mined in two mapping populations. In the natural population composed of 504 accessions, a total of forty simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers associated with PH and its component traits were detected across two environments via association mapping.

SYL3-k increases style length and yield of F seeds via enhancement of endogenous GA content in Oryza sativa L. pistils.

SYL3-k allele increases the outcrossing rate of male sterile line and the yield of hybrid F seeds via enhancement of endogenous GA content in Oryza sativa L. pistils. The change in style length might be an adaptation of rice cultivation from south to north in the northern hemisphere.

OsSYL2 , an allele identified by gene-based association, increases style length in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Stigma characteristics are important factors affecting the seed yield of hybrid rice per unit area. Natural variation of stigma characteristics has been reported in rice, but the genetic basis for this variation is largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study on three stigma characteristics in six environments using 1.

Mining of favorable alleles for seed reserve utilization efficiency in Oryza sativa by means of association mapping.

Background: Wet direct-seeded rice is a possible alternative to conventional puddled transplanted rice; the former uses less water and reduces labor requirements. Improving seed reserve utilization efficiency (SRUE) is a key factor in facilitating the application of this technology. However, the QTLs controlling this trait are poorly investigated.

Favorable Alleles of Increase the Grain-Filling Rate and Yield of Rice.

Hybrid rice () has been cultivated commercially for 42 years in China. However, poor grain filling still limits the development of hybrid rice. We report here the map-based cloning and characterization of the () gene present at a major-effect quantitative trait locus.

The efficacy and safety of Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules for the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease: protocol for a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common types of the cardiovascular disease. Previous pilot trials have suggested that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has brought clinical benefits for patients with CAD. We will conduct this trial to determine the efficacy and safety of Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules (SGR) for the treatment of patients with CAD.

Favorable alleles mining for gelatinization temperature, gel consistency and amylose content in Oryza sativa by association mapping.

Background: Improving the gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and amylose content (AC) for parental grain eating and cooking qualities (ECQs) are key factors for enhancing average grain ECQs for hybrid japonica rice.

Results: In this study, a genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) for ECQs was performed on a selected sample of 462 rice accessions in 5 environments using 262 simple sequence repeat markers. We identified 10 loci and 27 favorable alleles for GT, GC and AC, and some of these loci were overlapped with starch synthesis-related genes.

Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules () for Improving Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Stable Angina (SERIES Trial): A Protocol of Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Parallel Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Many patients with chronic angina experience anginal episodes despite successful recanalization, antianginal and antiischemic medications. Empirical observations suggested that Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules (, SGR), a Chinese herbal compound, exerted potential impacts on increased treadmill exercise performance and angina relieve. However, there has been no systematic study to clarify the impact of SGR on exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina.

Relationship between short telomere length and stroke: A meta-analysis.

Background: Several epidemiological studies had been carried out in different population cohorts to estimate the relationship between the shortened telomere length and stroke. However, the results still remained dispute. Consequently, we conducted this meta-analysis to estimate the relationship between them.

Mining of favorable alleles for lodging resistance traits in rice (oryza sativa) through association mapping.

Fourteen new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and ten favorable alleles were identified for lodging resistance traits in a natural population of rice. Parental combinations were designed to improve lodging resistance. Lodging is one of the most critical constraints to rice yield, and therefore, mining favorable alleles for lodging resistance traits is imperative for the advancement of cultivated rice and selection for market demand.

Favorable Marker Alleles for Panicle Exsertion Length in Rice ( L.) Mined by Association Mapping and the RSTEP-LRT Method.

The panicle exsertion length (PEL) in rice ( L.) is an important trait for hybrid seed production. We investigated the PEL in a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population consisting of 66 lines and a natural population composed of 540 varieties.

Identification of putative markers linked to grain plumpness in rice (Oryza sativa L.) via association mapping.

Background: Poor grain plumpness (GP) is one of the main constraints to reaching the yield potential of hybrid rice.

Results: In this study, the GP of 177 rice varieties was investigated in three locations across 2 years. By combining the genotype data of 261 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, association mapping was conducted to identify the marker-GP association loci.

QTL Detection and Elite Alleles Mining for Stigma Traits in Oryza sativa by Association Mapping.

Stigma traits are very important for hybrid seed production in Oryza sativa, which is a self-pollinated crop; however, the genetic mechanism controlling the traits is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic data of 227 accessions across 2 years and assessed their genotypic variation with 249 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. By combining phenotypic and genotypic data, a genome-wide association (GWA) map was generated.

Genetic Diversity and Elite Allele Mining for Grain Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Association Mapping.

Mining elite alleles for grain size and weight is of importance for the improvement of cultivated rice and selection for market demand. In this study, association mapping for grain traits was performed on a selected sample of 628 rice cultivars using 262 SSRs. Grain traits were evaluated by grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain thickness (GT), grain length to width ratio (GL/GW), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) in 2013 and 2014.