T-cell exhaustion: A potential target biomarker of the tumour microenvironment affecting oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most common malignant tumours, and the number of patients is increasing year by year. T-cell exhaustion (TEX) is an important risk factor for tumour immunosuppression and invasion, but its underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of EAC is not clear.

Methods: Unsupervised clustering was performed to screen relevant genes based on Gene Set Variation Analysis scores of the three pathways of the HALLMARK gene set IL2/IFNG/TNFA.

HLA-DQ genotype distribution and risk evaluation of celiac disease in Northwest China.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune small bowel disease. Genetic susceptibility for CD is mainly determined by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ haplotypes. The risk of CD conferred by HLA genotypes varies geographically and across populations, however, this has not yet been documented in Chinese patients with CD.

Facile Preparation of CuS Nanoparticles from the Interfaces of Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids and Water.

In this work, a two-phase system composed of hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) and water phases was introduced to prepare copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles. It was found that CuS particles generated from the interfaces of carboxyl-functionalized IL and sodium sulfide (NaS) aqueous solution were prone to aggregate into nanoplates and those produced from the interfaces of carboxyl-functionalized IL and thioacetamide (TAA) aqueous solution tended to aggregate into nanospheres. Both the CuS nanoplates and nanospheres exhibited a good absorption ability for ultraviolet and visible light.

A comparison study of aliphatic and aromatic structure directing agents influencing the crystal and electronic structures, and properties of iodoplumbate hybrids: water induced structure conversion and visible light photocatalytic properties.

The introduction of the aliphatic amines en (ethylenediamine), aep (N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine) and tepa (tetraethylenepentamine), and the aromatic species 2,2'-bipy (2,2'-bipyridine) and dpe (1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene) as structure directing agents (SDAs) into inorganic iodoplumbates affords six hybrids, namely [(Hen)4(H2.5O)2I](PbI6) (1), Cs2n[Pb3I8(en)2]n (2), (H3tepa)n(PbI5)n (3), (H2aep)n(PbI4)n (4), (Et22,2'-bipy)n(Pb2I6)n (5) and (Et2dpe)n(Pb2I6)n (6). 1 contains a discrete octahedral (PbI6)(4-) anion generated under the direction of a novel co-template, [(Hen)4(H2.