Publications by authors named "Xiaohui Xu"

Objectives: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in Shandong Province, China. Projecting future cancer trend is crucial for planning cancer control. We aimed to examine the trend of lung cancer incidence and mortality from 2012 to 2023, and predict the lung cancer burden to 2030 in Shandong.

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Background: Prior meta-analyses have established the potential of intravenous ketamine in safeguarding against neurocognitive impairment, but the efficacy of intravenous esketamine for the prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) remains uncertain. The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of esketamine on PND in adult surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Methods: We searched several electronic databases and clinical trial registries to find relevant trials.

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  • * Researchers analyzed GINS1 expression in LUAD tissues compared to healthy controls using various techniques, including bioinformatics, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR, and manipulated GINS1 levels in cancer cell lines to assess its effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • * Initial results indicate variations in GINS1 expression between LUAD patients and healthy controls, and ongoing experiments aim to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms, potentially identifying new therapeutic targets for LUAD treatment
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  • Dietary choices significantly influence the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but finding the best dietary pattern to reduce risk in high-risk individuals is difficult.
  • A study evaluated food consumption frequencies among 28,979 high-risk subjects, linking increased egg and seafood consumption to a lower risk of major CVD events, such as coronary heart disease and stroke.
  • A nomogram was developed to help predict 3- and 5-year CVD incidence based on various dietary and non-dietary risk factors, offering practical dietary guidance for preventing CVD in at-risk populations.*
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Background: Global warming-induced environmental stresses have diverse effects on gene expression and regulation in the life processes of various aquatic organisms. N6 adenylate methylation (m6A) modifications are known to influence mRNA transcription, localization, translation, stability, splicing, and nuclear export, which are pivotal in mediating stress responses. Apostichopus japonicus is a significant species in aquaculture and a representative of benthic organisms in ecosystems, thus there is a growing need for research on its heat stress mechanism.

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Immune-mediated glomerular diseases lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), primarily through mechanisms such as immune cell overactivation, mitochondrial dysfunction and imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We have developed an ultra-small nanodrug composed of MnO nanoparticles which is functionalized with biocompatible ligand citrate (C-MnO NPs) to maintain cellular redox balance in an animal model of oxidative injury. Furthermore, this ultra-small nanodrug, loaded with tacrolimus (Tac), regulated the activity of immune cells.

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  • Chronic arsenic exposure is linked to various diseases and organ dysfunction, yet research specifically connecting it to kidney damage remains scarce despite the high rates of kidney disease.
  • This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018) to evaluate the relationship between urinary arsenic levels and kidney damage, using a range of kidney biomarkers.
  • Results indicated that higher urinary arsenic levels were associated with increased odds of kidney damage, particularly albuminuria and hyperuricemia, suggesting a potential health risk linked to arsenic exposure in drinking water.
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Background: Chronic kidney inflammation and podocyte injury are key pathological features of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN). Puerarin has been shown to inhibit podocyte pyroptosis and provide renal protection, although its molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: The effects and mechanisms of puerarin on podocyte pyroptosis were investigated in a DN mouse model.

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  • - The study compared the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and a new approach called neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with immunotherapy (NICRT) for treating locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
  • - It analyzed data from 291 patients who had either NCRT or NICRT, finding no significant differences in rates of pathological complete response, tumor regression grade, and lymph node responses between the two treatment groups.
  • - The results indicated that NICRT did not improve treatment efficacy and showed no notable differences in treatment-related toxicities or postoperative complications compared to NCRT.
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Rifaximin and rifampicin are good broad-spectrum antimicrobials. The irrational use of antimicrobial drugs in veterinary clinics could threaten public health and food safety. It is necessary to develop a reliable detection method of the residue for enhancing the rational supervision of the use of such drugs, reducing and slowing down the generation of bacterial resistance, and promoting animal food safety and human health.

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Clinical immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy of malignant tumors only elicits durable responses in a minority of patients, primarily due to the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Although inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) through reactive oxygen biocatalyst represents an attractive therapeutic strategy to amplify ICB, currently reported biocatalysts encounter insurmountable challenges in achieving high ROS-generating activity to induce potent ICD. Here, inspired by the natural catalytic characteristics of NADPH oxidases, the design of efficient, robust, and electron-rich Pt-based redox centers on the non-stoichiometric WO substrates (Pt─WO) to serve as bioinspired reactive oxygen biocatalysts to potently activate the ICD, which eventually enhance cancer immune responses and amplifies the ICB-based immunotherapy is reported.

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Background: It has been established that Spalt-Like Transcription Factor 4 (SALL4) promotes Colorectal Cancer (CRC) cell proliferation. Furthermore, Amphiregulin (AREG) is crucially involved in cancer cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance regulation. In this regard, this study aimed to establish whether SALL4 affects the radiosensitization of CRC cells via AREG expression regulation.

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Background: Because adverse reactions or drug resistance are often found after current chemotherapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), new treatments are still in demand. Shenqi Sanjie Granules (SSG), an antitumor compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, has been recognized for its ability in clinical practice of oncotherapy. Nevertheless, the precise effects of SSG in colorectal cancer (CRC) and underlying mechanisms through which SSG inhibits CRC remain uncertain.

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  • The study investigates the ecological safety of the genetically modified maize variety Ruifeng125, which contains a specific Bt protein to resist insects, focusing on its impact on the bacterial communities in the soil.
  • It was found that the Bt protein levels fluctuated during the maize's growth, but over 97% degraded quickly after the straw was returned to the field, indicating limited long-term environmental presence.
  • Analysis using advanced sequencing methods revealed no significant differences in soil microbial diversity between Ruifeng125 and non-transgenic maize, with developmental stage being a more influential factor for changes in soil bacteria than the genetic modification itself.
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Background: Studies have shown that Averrhoa carambola L. possesses therapeutic potential for diabetes and related complications. However, the specific beneficial effects and molecular mechanisms of 2-dodecyl-6-meth-oxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DMDD) isolated from Averrhoa carambola L.

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Background: L, widely recognized for its valuable contributions to medicine, has aroused considerable attention globally. Different from the extensive research has been dedicated to the root of , its berry has received relatively scant focus. Given its promising medicinal properties, this study was focused on the structural characterizations and anti-inflammatory potential of acidic polysaccharides from the berry.

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Marine mollusks, including oysters, are highly tolerant to high levels of cadmium (Cd), but the molecular mechanisms underlying their molecular response to acute Cd exposure remain unclear. In this study, the Pacific oyster was used as a biological model, exposed to acute Cd stress for 96 h. Transcriptomic analyses of their gills were performed, and metabolomic analyses further validated these results.

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  • The study focuses on enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics by engineering hydrogen spillover pathways in catalysts, a process that is not well understood.
  • Researchers developed a bioinspired catalyst, Ir/HfO@C, which incorporates properties from ferroelectric HfO and various catalytic sites, allowing for effective hydrogen migration under different pH conditions.
  • The new catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a lower overpotential and a significantly higher mass current density compared to standard Ir/C, paving the way for more efficient hydrogen production in various environmental conditions.
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The majority of previous studies have asserted that the high quality of local institutions can improve the productivity effects of trade policies; yet, only a few studies have acknowledged the heterogeneous impact of these institutions. Using data from Chinese manufacturing plants, we examine the moderating effects of regional-level regulations on the effectiveness of national services trade policy. The key findings are threefold: First, as the initial degree of service liberalization advances, the productivity effect of trade liberalization diminishes.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer with poor prognosis. The available drugs for advanced HCC are limited and substantial therapeutic advances including new drugs and new combination therapies are still in urgent need. In this study, we found that the major metabolite of Lactobacillus reuteri (L.

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Complex microenvironments with bacterial infection, persistent inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis are the major challenges in chronic refractory diabetic ulcers. To address this challenge, a comprehensive strategy with highly effective and integrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and accelerated angiogenesis will offer a new pathway to the rapid healing of infected diabetic ulcers. Here, inspired by the tunable reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation properties of natural peroxisomes, this work reports the design of infectious and inflammatory microenvironments self-adaptive artificial peroxisomes with synergetic Co-Ru pair centers (APCR) for programmed diabetic ulcer therapy.

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Introduction: Ankle fractures require temporary fixation to allow swelling to subside prior to surgery; this is typically achieved using calcaneal distraction or cast immobilization. We compared the results of these methods in the treatment of Danis-Weber type C ankle fractures.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the data of 86 patients with Danis-Weber type C ankle fractures, of whom 40 underwent calcaneal distraction and 46 underwent cast immobilization.

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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) has become an essential tool for non-destructive analysis in various fields, including aquaculture. This study presents a pioneering application of portable NIR spectrometers to analyze glycogen content in the gonadal tissues of the Pacific oyster (), marking the first instance of developing quantitative models for glycogen in tetraploid . The research also provides a comparative analysis with models for diploid and triploid oysters, underscoring the innovative use of portable NIR technology in aquaculture.

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is a common opportunistic pathogen. The potential efficacy of phage therapy has attracted the attention of researchers, but efficient gene-editing tools are lacking, limiting the study of their biological properties. Here, we designed a type V CRISPR-Cas12a system for the gene editing of phages.

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  • Tubers of Gymnadenia conopsea, a plant used in traditional medicine and food, have potential for development in food and drug industries due to their beneficial components.
  • This study focuses on using linear gradient counter-current chromatography to effectively separate difficult-to-isolate benzylester glucosides, optimizing key parameters like mobile phase ratio and sample loading.
  • Ultimately, seven compounds were successfully separated and analyzed, demonstrating that the method can efficiently isolate high-polarity compounds from complex natural products.
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