Fucoidans are a kind of naturally sulfated polysaccharides that are primarily derived from brown algae and marine invertebrates. They are mainly composed of L-fucose and sulphate group. In the past decades, fucoidans have been attracted much attention for its wide range of pharmacological activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiac fibrosis is a chronic inflammatory response that considerably impacts cardiac function following myocardial infarction (MI). Although Plumbagin, a natural compound, has been shown to have anti-fibrotic effects by suppresses the ROS and NF-κB pathways in liver fibrosis, its role in regulating cardiac function and cardiac fibrosis post-MI remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that Plumbagin effectively inhibits TGF-β1-induced myocardial fibroblast fibrosis and promotes autophagy activation by suppressing the AKT/mTOR pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The consistency of pancreatic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameter values across different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices significantly impacts the patient's diagnosis and treatment.
Aim: To explore consistency in image quality, ADC values, and IVIM parameter values among different MRI devices in pancreatic examinations.
Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the local ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants.
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kt low level radioactivity liquid scintillator detector in a laboratory 650 m underground. An excellent energy resolution and a large volume offer exciting opportunities for addressing many important topics in neutrino physics. High purity nitrogen is an important factor to ensure the low background of the JUNO detector.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Multidiscip Healthc
February 2024
(HP) infections affect approximately one-third of children worldwide. In China, the incidence of HP infection in children ranges from approximately 30% to 60%. In addition to damaging the gastrointestinal tract mucosa, HP infection in children can negatively affect their growth and development, hematology, respiratory and hepatobiliary system, skin, nutritional metabolism, and autoimmune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: With the continuous innovation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hardware and software technology, amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging has been applied in liver cancer. However, to our knowledge, no study has evaluated the feasibility of a three-dimensional amide proton transfer-weighted (3D-APTw) imaging sequence for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study thus aimed to conduct an image quality assessment of 3D-APTw for HCC and to explore its feasibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeropenem is an ultrabroad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that is often recommended for the treatment of bacterial meningitis (BM) in children. However, a subtherapeutic phenomenon occurred in BM children complicated with augmented renal clearance (ARC) at the recommended dose of meropenem. To support its pharmacokinetics, a sensitive, fast and robust ultra-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to measure meropenem concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is presently no efficient dose individualization strategy for the use of antiseizure medications in epileptic pregnant patients. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetics model for levetiracetam and propose a tailored adaptive individualized dosage strategy for epileptic pregnant patients. A total of 322 levetiracetam plasma concentrations from 238 patients with epilepsy were included, including 216 women with epilepsy (20.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intravenous ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is widely used as an antipyretic and analgesic in adults and children. This study was designed to evaluate ethnic differences by comparing the pharmacokinetics of intravenous ibuprofen in Caucasian and Chinese populations using physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modeling and simulation.
Methods: A PBPK model for intravenous ibuprofen was developed in adults and children utilizing the Simcyp Simulator.
Background: Liver cancer is a highly lethal and aggressive form of cancer that poses a significant threat to patient survival. Within this category, liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) represents the most common subtype of liver cancer. Despite decades of research and treatment, the overall survival rate for LIHC has not significantly improved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The effect of insulin use on gout risk remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between insulin use and gout risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: Based on the Shanghai Link Healthcare Database, patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, with or without insulin exposure, were identified from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020, and followed until December 31, 2021.
Objective: To differentiate gastric leiomyomas (GLs) and gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) based on preoperative enhanced computed tomography characteristics.
Methods: Twenty-six pathologically confirmed GLs were propensity score-matched to 26 GSTs in a 1:1 ratio based on sex, age, tumor site, and tumor size. Tumor shape and contour, mucosal ulceration, growth pattern, enhancement pattern and degree, longest diameter, and longest diameter/vertical diameter ratio were compared between the groups.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) characteristics and safety of continuous lidocaine infusion during hepatectomy in liver cancer patients.
Methods: This study included thirty-five patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy from January 2021 to December 2021. Patients received a short infusion of 1% lidocaine at a dose of 1.
In this study, we compared the enhancement of blood vessels and liver parenchyma on enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the upper abdomen with two concentrations of contrast media (400 and 300 mg I/mL) based on similar iodine delivery rate (IDR) of 0.88 and 0.9 g I/s and iodine load of 450 mg I/kg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHallux valgus is a common form of foot deformity, and genetic factors contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of hallux valgus deformity. We conducted a genetic study on the structural variants underlying familial hallux valgus using whole exome sequencing approach. Twenty individuals from five hallux valgus families and two sporadic cases were included in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: All-cause mortality risk prediction models for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in mainland China have not been established. This study aimed to fill this gap.
Methods: Based on the Shanghai Link Healthcare Database, patients diagnosed with T2DM and aged 40-99 years were identified between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016 and followed until December 31, 2021.
JRF103, a novel pan-HER inhibitor, has shown potent activity against HER1, HER2, HER4 and EGFR . To support its first in-patient trial, a sensitive and rapid method was developed and validated using ultra-performance LC-MS/MS. JRF103 was extracted from plasma using protein precipitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacterial infections have seriously threatened public health especially with the increasing resistance and the cliff-like decline of the number of newly approved antibacterial agents. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) possess potent medicinal properties with 95 successfully marketed drugs, which also have a long history as antibacterial agents. In this review, we summarize the chemical diversity of antibacterial QACs, divided into chain-like and aromatic ring, reported over the past decade (2012 to mid-2022).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsulin and incretin-based drugs are important antidiabetic agents with complex effects on cell growth and metabolism. Emerging evidence shows that insulin and incretin-based drugs are associated with altered risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC). Observational study reveals that insulin is associated with an increased risk of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), but not intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) or gallbladder cancer (GBC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
October 2022
Sacubitril/valsartan was indicated for the treatment of heart failure and hypertension in patients with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis therapy. Herein, a rapid, sensitive and robust method based on ultra-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination of the concentrations of valsartan, sacubitril and its major metabolite LBQ657 in plasma, urine and peritoneal dialysis fluid. Samples were extracted from various biological fluids using protein precipitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
September 2022
Lidocaine, widely used as a local anesthetic, has anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects on tumor recurrence and metastasis. To investigate the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in liver cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy, a fast and sensitive analytical technique was developed. The method was adequately validated with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to simultaneously determine the concentration of lidocaine and its metabolites in plasma.
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