Two "turn on" fluorescence probes based on nitroso recognition group for detecting hydrogen sulfide.

Hydrogen sulfide is a vital signaling molecule which holds a pivotal position in numerous biological functions. In this research, two novel "OFF-ON" fluorescence probes named YNO and TNO were designed based on the nitroso recognition group to detect HS. Both YNO and TNO performed outstanding response rate and linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of HS.

Characterization and dynamics of intestinal microbiota in patients with Clostridioides difficile colonization and infection.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis increases the susceptibility to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). In this study, we monitored C. difficile colonization (CDC) patients from no CDC status (CDN) to CDC status (CDCp) and CDI patients from asymptomatic status before CDI (PRECDI), CDI status (ONCDI), to asymptomatic status after CDI (POSTCDI).

Genetic, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance characteristics associated with distinct morphotypes in ST11 carbapenem-resistant .

ST11 is the most common lineage among carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infections in Asia. Diverse morphotypes resulting from genetic mutations are associated with significant differences in microbial characteristics among isolates. Here, we investigated the genetic determinants and critical characteristics associated with distinct morphotypes of ST11 CRKP.

Parenting behaviors, inhibitory control, and aggression: Moderation by serotonin receptor 2A haplotypes.

Despite the well-established relationship between parenting and child aggression, the mechanisms by which children incur this risk and whether genetic sources contribute to the heterogeneity in their vulnerability are not entirely clear. This study utilized a longitudinal sample of adolescents ( = 1,047, 50.2% females, = 13.

Comparison of the inoculum effect of in vitro antibacterial activity of Imipenem/relebactam and Ceftazidime/avibactam against ESBL-, KPC- and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objective: To evaluate effect of inoculum size of extended-spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing-, AmpC-producing-, and KPC-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae on the in vitro antibacterial effects of imipenem/relebactam (IMR) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA).

Methods: We compared the impact of inoculum size on IMR and CZA of sixteen clinical isolates and three standard isolates through antimicrobial susceptibility tests, time-kill assays and in vitro PK/PD studies.

Results: When inoculum size increased from 10 to 10 CFU/mL, an inoculum effect was observed for 26.

Clinical, biological and genome-wide comparison of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with susceptibility transformation to polymyxin B during therapy.

Objectives: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a major clinical concern, and polymyxin B (PMB) is a 'last resort' antibiotic for its treatment. Understanding the effects of drug susceptibility transformation in CRKP-infected patients undergoing PMB treatment would be beneficial to optimize PMB treatment strategies.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from patients infected with CRKP and treated with PMB from January 2018 to December 2020.

Mechanisms of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in drug-naïve bacteraemic Enterobacterales strains without metallo-beta-lactamase production: Associated with ceftazidime impedance.

In order to investigate ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) resistance characteristics and mechanisms of bacteraemic Enterobacterales strains that had not been treated previously with CZA, 9708 strains were collected from 43 hospitals in 18 provinces across China from January 2019 to June 2020. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of CZA in 165 (1.70%) strains were ≥8/4 mg/L.

Contribution of preoperative gut microbiota in postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Objective: To investigate the role of gut microbiota and metabolites in POCD in elderly orthopedic patients, and screen the preoperative diagnostic indicators of gut microbiota in elderly POCD.

Method: 40 elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery were enrolled and divided into Control group and POCD group following neuropsychological assessments. Gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing, and metabolomics of GC-MS and LC-MS was used to screen the differential metabolites.

Small wards in the ICU: a favorable measure for controlling the transmission of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Purpose: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is one of the leading causes of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and is particularly pervasive in intensive care units (ICUs). This study takes ICU layout as the research object, and integrates clinical data and bacterial genome analysis to clarify the role of separate, small wards within the ICU in controlling the transmission of CRKP.

Methods: This study prospectively observed the carriage and spread of CRKP from a long-term in-hospital patient (hereafter called the Patient) colonized with CRKP in the gut and located in a separate, small ward within the ICU.

Genetic Characterization of Co-Harboring and Causing Upper Respiratory Tract Infection.

Purpose: With the spread of multiple drug-resistant bacteria, and have been detected in various bacteria worldwide. However, the simultaneous detection of and in has been rarely reported. This study identified an strain carrying both and .

Corrigendum: Comparative respiratory tract microbiome between carbapenem-resistant colonization and ventilator associated pneumonia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.

Molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam.

Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI), a combination of ceftazidime and a novel β-lactamase inhibitor (avibactam) that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the European Union, and the National Regulatory Administration in China.

Epidemiology and Genomic Characteristics of Bloodstream Infection Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant With Decreased Susceptibility to Aztreonam/Avibactam in China.

Aztreonam/avibactam (AZA), as one of the novel β-lactamases and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, is considered to be a promising option for bloodstream infection (BSI) of carbapenem-resistant (CR-Kp). However, decreased susceptibility of AZA activity in has been reported. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms of BSI CR-Kp with decreased susceptibility of AZA (minimal inhibitory concentration above 16/4 mg/L) (AZAH-Kp).

Detection of NDM-1-Positive from Bacteremia by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Purpose: Nosocomial infections caused by New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing bacteria are prevalent worldwide. However, such diseases caused by NDM-producing had never been reported. Our study aimed to elucidate the genomic characteristics of NDM-1-producing isolated from hospital patients.

Comparative Respiratory Tract Microbiome Between Carbapenem-Resistant Colonization and Ventilator Associated Pneumonia.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is a common cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, but its infection and colonization state are difficult to distinguish. If the judgment is wrong, it may aggravate the abuse of antibiotics and further accelerate the evolution of drug resistance. We sought to provide new clues for the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of CRAB VAP based on lower respiratory tract (LRT) microbiota.

Comparative genomic and transmission analysis of between environmental, animal, and clinical sources in China.

is the most common pathogen causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Previous studies showed that diverse sources, aside from infection (CDI) patients, played a major role in hospital transmission. This study aimed to investigate relationships and transmission potential of strains from different sources.

Comparative genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains in Fennec fox imported to China.

Background: To investigate the antimicrobial profiles and genomic characteristics of MDR-Citrobacter spp. strains isolated from Fennec fox imported from Sudan to China.

Methods: Four Citrobacter spp.

Prevalence and transmission of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr-1) gene positive Escherichia coli in healthy rural residents in Shandong province, China.

This study was conducted to explore the prevalence and transmission of mcr-1 Escherichia coli among healthy rural residents in Shandong, China, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of spread and treatment of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli. A total of 218 healthy residents from 3 villages in Guan County, Shandong Province, China were included in this study, and their fecal samples were collected. Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli were selected, and their drug sensitivity and plasmids' transferability were measured.

Co-Occurrence of NDM-9 and MCR-1 in a Human Gut Colonized ST1011.

Background: The emergence of the plasmid-borne colistin-resistant gene () poses a great threat to human health. What is worse, the recent observations of the coexistence of with carbapenemase encoding genes in some bacteria caused even more concern. Yet, there is a lack of observations of such strains in the human gut.

Clinical Analysis of Bloodstream Infections During Agranulocytosis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Purpose: To explore the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients who develop agranulocytosis fever after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This study also provides a basis for the clinical treatment of BSI.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 397 allo-HSCT patients in the Department of Hematology of our hospital was conducted from January 2013 to December 2017 to analyze the incidence of BSI, the distribution and types of pathogenic bacteria, and drug resistance rates.

Clinical experience with emergency endotracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients in the intensive care units: a single-centered, retrospective, descriptive study.

Few studies have reported the implications of performing endotracheal intubation for critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the outcomes of COVID-19 patients in the ICU following endotracheal intubation and provide a clinical reference for the high-risk procedure. From February 1 to February 18, 2020, we enrolled 59 critically ill COVID-19 patients who received emergency endotracheal intubation in the ICUs of Tongji Hospital.

Successful Anesthesia Management in a Patient With Type A Aortic Dissection Complicated by Renal Failure and Suspected Coronavirus Disease.

Stanford type A acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening illness that presents with chest pain and hemodynamic instability. AAD prompt and accurate evaluation and management are critical for survival as it is a cardiac surgical emergency. The initial treatment of AAD mandates strict blood pressure stabilization with intravenous antihypertensive medications.