Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition and its role in cardiac fibrosis.

After acute myocardial infarction, the heart mainly relies on fibrosis remodeling repair to maintain the structural and functional integrity of the heart, however, excessive fibrosis is an important cause of heart failure. Macrophages play an important regulatory role in cardiac fibrosis and have been found to transform into myofibroblasts through their own phenotype. Based on the existing evidence and previous research results, we summarizes the potential and mechanism of macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) in cardiac fibrosis.

Intelligent Identification and Prediction of Roof Deterioration Areas Based on Measurements While Drilling.

During roadway excavation, the presence of roof deterioration zones, such as layered spaces and weak interlayers, significantly affects the stability of the surrounding rock. To achieve timely and effective support for roadways, it is essential to utilize drilling measurement signals obtained during the construction of anchorage holes for the identification and prediction of these deterioration zones. This study systematically investigates the response characteristics of thrust, torque, and Y-direction vibration signals to different combinations of rock layers through theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments, ABAQUS dynamic numerical simulations, and field measurements.

The Role of Cardiac Macrophages in Inflammation and Fibrosis after Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion.

According to current statistics, the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases remains high, with coronary artery disease being the primary cause of death. Despite the widespread adoption of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in recent years, which has led to a notable decrease in the mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI), the pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure that follow myocardial infarction still pose significant clinical challenges. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR) injury represents a complex pathophysiological process, and the involvement of macrophages in this injury has consistently been a subject of significant focus.

Biological characterization of AB-343, a novel and potent SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitor with pan-coronavirus activity.

Since the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, there have been ongoing efforts to identify antiviral molecules with broad coronavirus activity to combat COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2's main protease (M) is responsible for processing the viral polypeptide into non-structural proteins essential for replication. Here, we present the biological characterization of AB-343, a covalent small-molecule inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 M with potent activity in both cell-based (EC = 0.

[Research progress on the effect of tumor-associated macrophages on breast cancer and its targeted therapy].

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are closely associated to the growth, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of breast cancer. Targeting TAMs is considered to be a potential new strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of breast cancer. TAMs interact with breast cancer cells and influence the development and progression of various breast cancer subtypes through multiple pathways, including the secretion of proteins, cytokines, chemokines, and exosomes.

Rational Design of Macrocyclic Noncovalent Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M from a DNA-Encoded Chemical Library Screening Hit That Demonstrate Potent Inhibition against Pan-Coronavirus Homologues and Nirmatrelvir-Resistant Variants.

The recent global COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted treatments for coronavirus infection as an unmet medical need. The main protease (M) has been an important target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 direct-acting antivirals. Nirmatrelvir as a covalent M inhibitor was the first such approved therapy.

A novel technique for snuffbox fistula creation.

Background: In this pilot study, we describe a novel technique for creating a snuffbox fistula (SBF) and present the preliminary outcomes after 4-6 weeks of follow-up.

Methods: The study included eight male patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 36-66 years). All patients received an SBF using the modified no-touch technique (MNTT) and piggyback straight-line on-lay technique (pSLOT).

The impact of parental migration on screen exposure among children aged 1-66 months in rural China.

Background: Screen exposure, particularly recreational screen exposure, is an integral part of children's lives. However, little is known about how family factors influence children's excessive screen exposure, especially in the context of 69 million left-behind children experiencing parent-child separation in China. This study mainly concentrates on the correlation between parental migration, type of caregiver, depression and disciplinary practices of the caregiver and children's screen exposure, including average daily screen time (on weekdays or weekends) and screen content (recreational activities or learning activities).

Suppression of Interferon Response and Antiviral Strategies of Bunyaviruses.

The order Bunyavirales belongs to the class of Ellioviricetes and is classified into fourteen families. Some species of the order Bunyavirales pose potential threats to human health. The continuously increasing research reveals that various viruses within this order achieve immune evasion in the host through suppressing interferon (IFN) response.

Impact of inpatient self-efficacy and trust in physicians on inpatient satisfaction with medical services: the mediating role of patient participation in medical decision-making.

Objective: Patient satisfaction reflects the social benefits of hospitals and is an important indicator of hospital performance. This study explores the mechanism through which inpatients' trust in physicians, self-efficacy, and participation in medical decision-making impact their satisfaction with medical services.

Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 814 inpatients in 10 randomly selected tertiary hospitals and 10 randomly selected secondary hospitals in Hangzhou, China.

The impact of parental migration patterns, timing, and duration on the health of rural Chinese children.

Background: Parent-child separation raises concerns for the well-being of 69 million left-behind children (LBC) in China. However, the effects of parental migration status, timing of migration, and migration duration on the health of children remain unclear. This study aims to explore the association between different parent-child separation experience and a range of health outcomes in rural Chinese children.

Characteristics of deformation and damage of surrounding rock along the top roadway in the working face of an isolated island and its evolution law.

This study investigates the deformation and damage characteristics of the surrounding rock along the top return mining roadway of an isolated island working face at different stages and reveals its damage mechanism and evolution law. Utilizing a mine in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China, as the engineering background, this research employs FLAC 3D numerical simulation and on-site measurements. The findings suggest that the evolution of the plastic zone along the top roadway of the 15,106 island face is largely similar during both the excavation and mining periods.

Application of modified no-touch technique in rabbit arteriovenous fistula model and its effect on venous neointimal hyperplasia.

Background: To investigate the technical advantages of a modified no-touch technique (MNTT) in constructing arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) compared to the conventional technique (CT) and assess its potential to reduce neointimal hyperplasia in the outflow vein.

Methods: Forty-seven New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control, CT, and MNTT. Rabbits in control group were observed using ultrasound and then euthanized to obtain external jugular vein (EJV) for Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E).

Trajectories of depressive symptoms and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Depressive symptoms are established risk factors for various health outcomes. However, previous studies assessed depressive symptoms at a single time point, neglecting individual variations over time.

Aims: To identify depressive symptoms trajectories through repeated measures and examine their associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and mortality.

Association of social health with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Previous studies only focused on the individual social factors, without considering the overall social health patterns. The present study aimed to develop an integrated social health score (SHS) and investigate its associations with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer mortality.

Methods: A total of 330,716 participants (mean age 56.

Bounded rationality in healthcare: unraveling the psychological factors behind patient satisfaction in China.

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is a crucial metric to gauge the quality of medical services, but the psychological factors influencing patient satisfaction remain insufficiently explored.

Methods: This study examines these psychological factors by applying the theory of bounded rationality to 1,442 inpatients in Hangzhou, China, whose data were collected using a questionnaire. One-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression were used to analyze patient satisfaction and its associated factors.

Healthy lifestyle and the risk of depression recurrence requiring hospitalisation and mortality among adults with pre-existing depression: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although lifestyle-based treatment approaches are recommended as important aspects of depression care, the quantitative influence of aggregated healthy lifestyles on depression recurrence and mortality remains unknown.

Objective: To investigate the association between healthy lifestyle and the risks of first-time hospitalisation for recurrent depression and mortality.

Methods: 26 164 adults with depression (mean (SD) age, 56.

Physical Activity, Mental Activity, and Risk of Incident Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Cumulative evidence suggests a correlation between physical or mental activity and the risk of stroke. However, the combined impact of these activities on stroke onset remains unexplored. This study identified physical and mental activity patterns using principal component analysis and investigated their associations with risk of incident stroke in the general population.

Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and myopia in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Prior reports have indicated an inconsistent relationship between vitamin D levels and myopia in children and adolescents with limited sample size. This study was undertaken to further clarify this relationship with a repeated cross-section study.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database with samples <19 years old was utilized.

A modified technique for arteriovenous fistula anastomosis: Preserving the surrounding tissue of the vein without the use of vascular clamps.

Background: This pilot study describes a new technique for creating an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and presents the preliminary outcomes after 1 year of follow-up.

Methods: The study included 19 patients (10 males, 9 females) with a mean age of 62 years (range 26-88 years). All patients received an AVF using a modified technique in which the surrounding tissues were not removed from the veins and no elastic loops or vascular clamps were used.

Apoptotic body-inspired nanotherapeutics efficiently attenuate osteoarthritis by targeting BRD4-regulated synovial macrophage polarization.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is the most well-studied BET protein that is important for the innate immune response. We recently revealed that targeting BRD4 triggers apoptosis in tumor-associated macrophages, but its role in synovial macrophages and joint inflammation is largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that BRD4 was highly expressed in the iNOS-positive M1 macrophages in the human and mouse osteoarthritis (OA) synovium, and conditional knockout of BRD4 in the myeloid lineage using Lyz2-cre; BRD4 mice significantly abolished anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced M1 macrophage accumulation and synovial inflammation.