Bacillus coagulans alleviates hepatic injury caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.

Background: As an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is prone to causing a spectrum of diseases in rabbits when their immune system is compromised, which poses a threat to rabbit breeding industry. Bacillus coagulans (BC), recognized as an effective probiotic, confers a variety of benefits including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary BC can effectively alleviate hepatic injury caused by KP.

Effective enhancement of ramie anaerobic continuous flow degumming by chitosan and its microbiological mechanism.

Based on a novel bio-degumming system, the effect of chitosan on the degumming effect of ramie was investigated. The degumming effect indexes before and after the addition of chitosan were assessed, and the enzyme activities (pectinase, xylanase, ligninase and cellulase) were detected. Meanwhile changes in microbial community structure were evaluated.

Vision guides the twilight search for oviposition sites of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus.

Background: Oviposition site selection is an important component of vector mosquito reproductive biology. The Asian Tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a major and important vector of arboviruses including Dengue. Previous studies documented the preference of gravid females for small, dark-colored water containers as oviposition sites, which they sought during the twilight period (dusk) of their locomotor activity.

Effects of Bacillus coagulans on kidney injury caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a zoonotic conditionally pathogenic bacterium with a high prevalence of infection. It often induces purulent inflammation of the rabbit lungs, kidneys and other tissues, with high morbidity and mortality. Bacillus coagulans (BC) has the ability to regulate the balance of host intestinal flora and improve host immunity.

Target fishing and mechanistic insights of the natural anticancer drug candidate chlorogenic acid.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural product that effectively inhibits tumor growth, demonstrated in many preclinical models, and phase II clinical trials for patients with glioma. However, its direct proteomic targets and anticancer molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, we developed a novel bi-functional photo-affinity probe PAL/CGA and discovered mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) was one of the main target proteins of CGA by using affinity-based protein profiling (AfBPP) chemical proteomic approach.

ACAT1 Induces the Differentiation of Glioblastoma Cells by Rewiring Choline Metabolism.

Abnormal differentiation of cells is a hallmark of malignancy. Induction of cancer-cell differentiation is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy with low toxicity in hematological malignances, but whether such treatment can be used in solid tumors is not known. Here, we uncovered a novel function of acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase (ACAT1) in regulating the differentiation of glioblastoma (GBM) cells.

Protective and Detoxifying Effects of Resveratrol on Zearalenone-Mediated Toxicity: A Review.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. fungi and is widely found in moldy corn, wheat, barley, and other grains. ZEA is distributed to the whole body via blood circulation after metabolic transformation in animals.

Evaluation of proximod, a selective agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1, in healthy volunteers and patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a phase 1, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, ascending dose trial.

Background: Proximod is a selective agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1). It acts by redirecting lymphocytes from the circulation to secondary lymph nodes, and is under development as an immunomodulator for rheumatoid arthritis. We aimed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of proximod in healthy volunteers and patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Blood-Brain Barrier Conquest in Glioblastoma Nanomedicine: Strategies, Clinical Advances, and Emerging Challenges.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a prevalent type of malignancy within the central nervous system (CNS) that is associated with a poor prognosis. The standard treatment for GBM includes the surgical resection of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy; yet, despite these interventions, overall treatment outcomes remain suboptimal. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of brain tissue under normal physiological conditions of the CNS, also poses a significant obstacle to the effective delivery of therapeutic agents to GBMs.

Extracellular vesicles in the HCC microenvironment: Implications for therapy and biomarkers.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the sixth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Despite surgical resection being the preferred approach for early-stage HCC, most patients are diagnosed at intermediate to advanced stages, limiting treatment options to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which often yield poor outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), minute lipid-bilayered particles released by diverse cells under various physiological and pathological conditions, are crucial for mediating communication between cells.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Soybean Homologue Gene Family and Functional Characterization of GmALKBH10Bs as RNA mA Demethylases and Expression Patterns under Abiotic Stress.

Soybean ( (L.) Merr) is one of the most important crops worldwide, but its yield is vulnerable to abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis, the AlkB homologue (ALKBH) family genes plays a crucial role in plant development and stress response.

Identification and Characterization of Potassium Channel Gene Family and Response to Salt and Chilling Stress in Rice.

potassium channel proteins are a class of voltage-gated ion channels responsible for K uptake and translocation, playing a crucial role in plant growth and salt tolerance. In this study, bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the members within the gene family. Moreover, the expression patterns of rice K channel genes were analyzed in different tissues and salt treatment by RT-qPCR.

Extracellular vesicle-derived biomarkers in prostate cancer care: Opportunities and challenges.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide, presenting a significant global public health challenge that necessitates early detection and personalized treatment. Recently, non-invasive liquid biopsy methods have emerged as promising tools to provide insights into the genetic landscape of PCa and monitor disease progression, aiding decision-making at all stages. Research efforts have concentrated on identifying liquid biopsy biomarkers to improve PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Meroterpenoid Derivatives against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

Cisplatin is a widely used drug for the clinical treatment of tumors. However, nephrotoxicity limits its widespread use. A series of compounds including eight analogs () and 40 simplifiers () were synthesized based on the total synthesis of Psiguamer A and B, which were novel meroterpenoids with unusual skeletons from the leaves of .

The odorant-binding protein genes obp67 and obp56d-like encode products that guide oviposition site selection in the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus.

Aedes albopictus is an important vector of arboviruses and prefers small containers of stagnant water as oviposition sites. One of the mechanisms mosquitoes use to search for suitable oviposition sites is relying on odor cues from prospective sites and their surroundings. The genetic and molecular bases of this behavior are not known for Ae.

Study on membrane fouling mechanisms and mitigation strategies in a pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (P-AnMBR) treating digestate.

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) are employed for solid-liquid separation in wastewater treatment, enhancing process efficiency of digestion systems treating digestate. However, membrane fouling remains a primary challenge. This study operated a pilot-scale AnMBR (P-AnMBR) to treat high-concentration organic digestate, investigating system performance and fouling mechanisms.

Design and evaluation of an efficient mosquito trap.

Background: Vector mosquito control is important for preventing and controlling mosquito-borne infectious diseases. This study designed and developed a mosquito killer (MK) with a specific light wavelength, simulated human body temperature, human odor, and a photocatalyst to stimulate CO based on the physiological characteristics and ecological habits of mosquitoes. We tested the trapping effect of individual and multiple mosquito-trapping elements of the MK through two-way selection experiments and compared them with several commercial mosquito traps.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells promotes Th17 cells differentiation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation between innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets with T-helper (Th) cells and to explore the effect of ILCs on T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We analysed the frequencies of ILC subsets in RA patients with varying disease activity and their correlation with Th cell subsets. We further investigated this correlation in various organs of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice.

Dynamic gut microbiome-metabolome in cationic bovine serum albumin induced experimental immune-complex glomerulonephritis and effect of losartan and mycophenolate mofetil on microbiota modulation.

Dynamic changes in gut dysbiosis and metabolomic dysregulation are associated with immune-complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN). However, an in-depth study on this topic is currently lacking. Herein, we report an ICGN model to address this gap.

Enhanced Sb(V) removal of sulfate-rich wastewater by anaerobic granular sludge assisted with Fe/C amendment.

Antimony (Sb) and sulfate are two common pollutants in Sb mine drainage and Sb-containing textile wastewater. In this paper, it was found that iron‑carbon (Fe/C) enhanced Sb(V) removal from sulfate-rich wastewater by anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS). Sulfate inhibited Sb(V) removal (S + Sb, k = 0.

miR-2940-1 is involved in the circadian regulation of oviposition in Aedes albopictus.

The vast majority of all global species have circadian rhythm cycles that allow them to adapt to natural environments. These regular rhythms are regulated by core clock genes and recent studies have also implicated roles for microRNAs in this regulation. Oviposition is an important circadian behavior in the reproductive cycle of insect vectors of diseases, and little is known about the rhythm or its regulation in mosquitoes.

AKR1C3 in carcinomas: from multifaceted roles to therapeutic strategies.

Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD5) or prostaglandin F (PGF) synthase, functions as a pivotal enzyme in androgen biosynthesis. It catalyzes the conversion of weak androgens, estrone (a weak estrogen), and PGD2 into potent androgens (testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone), 17β-estradiol (a potent estrogen), and 11β-PGF2α, respectively. Elevated levels of AKR1C3 activate androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway, contributing to tumor recurrence and imparting resistance to cancer therapies.