Intraocular Povidone Iodine During Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Severe and Atypical Endophthalmitis.

Background And Objective: To describe the experience and clinical outcomes of povidone iodine (PI) infusion in the setting of pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of endophthalmitis.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective case series of 12 patients with clinical and/or culture evidence of endophthalmitis requiring pars plana vitrectomy with 0.025% PI used in vitreous irrigation solution during vitrectomy.

Effect of Cr on the Mineral Structure and Composition of Cement Clinker and Its Solidification Behavior.

In order to reveal the solidification behavior of Cr in the cement clinker mineral phase, Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the morphology and composition of the cement clinker mineral phase doped with Cr. The results showed that the addition of Cr did not change the chemical environment of Si in the clinker mineral phase, and it was still an isolated silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. Cr affected the orientation of the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron and the coordination number of calcium, leading to the formation of defects in the crystal structure of the clinker mineral phase, by replacing Ca into the mineral phase lattice to form a new mineral phase CaCr(SiO).

Ezh2 Regulates Activation-Induced CD8 T Cell Cycle Progression Repressing and Expression.

Transition from resting to cell cycle in response to antigenic stimulation is an essential step for naïve CD8 T cells to differentiate to effector and memory cells. Leaving the resting state requires dramatic changes of chromatin status in the key cell cycle inhibitors but the details of these concerted events are not fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Ezh2, an enzymatic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzing the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), regulates activation induced naïve CD8 T cells proliferation and apoptosis.

Hyperglycemia-suppressed expression of Serpine1 contributes to delayed epithelial wound healing in diabetic mouse corneas.

Purpose: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk for developing corneal complications, including delayed wound healing. The purpose of this study was to characterize the expression and the function of Serpine1 and other components of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)-proteolytic system in delayed epithelial wound healing in diabetic mouse corneas.

Methods: Mice of the strain C57BL/6 were induced to develop diabetes by streptozotocin, and wound-healing assays were performed 10 weeks afterward.

Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of differentially expressed genes in diabetic, healing corneal epithelial cells: hyperglycemia-suppressed TGFβ3 expression contributes to the delay of epithelial wound healing in diabetic corneas.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) may develop corneal complications and delayed wound healing. The aims of this study are to characterize the molecular signatures and biological pathways leading to delayed epithelial wound healing and to delineate the involvement of TGFβ3 therein. Genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis revealed 1,888 differentially expressed genes in the healing epithelia of normal (NL) versus type 1 DM rat corneas.

Systemic analyses of immunophenotypes of peripheral T cells in non-segmental vitiligo: implication of defective natural killer T cells.

Although it is widely believed that non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) results from the autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, a clear understanding of defects in immune tolerance, which mediate this uncontrolled self-reactivity, is still lacking. In the present study, we systemically evaluated circulating regulatory T (Treg) cells, including CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) Treg cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, as well as naïve and memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and their cytokine production, in a cohort of 43 progressive NSV patients with race-, gender-, and age-matched healthy controls. We found that the general immunophenotypes of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and the percentage of CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) Tregs were comparable between NSV and healthy controls.

Lack of an association of miR-938 SNP in IDDM10 with human type 1 diabetes.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a newly discovered type of small non-protein coding RNA that function in the inhibition of effective mRNA translation, and may serve as susceptibility genes for various disease developments. The SNP rs12416605, located in human type 1 diabetes IDDM10 locus, changes the seeding sequence (UGU[G/A]CCC) of miRNA miR-938 and potentially alters miR-938 targets, including IL-16 and IL-17A. In an attempt to test whether miR-938 may be a susceptibility gene for IDDM10, we assessed the possible association of the miR-938 SNP with T1D in an American Caucasian cohort of 622 patients and 723 healthy controls by TaqMan assay.