Phytopathogens often secrete effectors to enhance their infection of plants. In the case of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a necrotrophic phytopathogen, a secreted protein named SsPEIE1 (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Plant Early Immunosuppressive Effector 1) plays a crucial role in its virulence. During the early stages of infection, SsPEIE1 is significantly up-regulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaximizing cell survival under stress requires rapid and transient adjustments of RNA and protein synthesis. However, capturing these dynamic changes at both single-cell level and across an organism has been challenging. Here, we developed a system named MONITTR (MS2-embedded mCherry-based monitoring of transcription) for real-time simultaneous measurement of nascent transcripts and endogenous protein levels in C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Isolated acquired clotting factor deficiencies (ACFDs) are mainly caused by the existence of anti-factor antibodies or adsorption of clotting factors onto substances such as amyloid. Besides acquired factor (F)VIII deficiency (acquired hemophilia A), the remaining factor deficiencies are rare and diverse, posing challenges in both diagnosis and management.
Objectives: To describe different features of isolated ACFDs to improve our understanding of these diseases and provide practical recommendations for their management.
As people's living standards continue to improve and human life span expectancy increases, the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are continuously rising. Early detection of breast cancer and targeted therapy for different breast cancer subtypes can significantly reduce the mortality rate and alleviate the suffering of patients. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells in the body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapidly predicting airborne pollutant dispersion in urban is vital for ventilation design and evacuation planning. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are commonly used to provide accurate predictions, but the computational cost is too high. Although graph neural networks (GNNs) provide fast predictions of flow fields by manipulating unstructured mesh on GPU, they suffer from high memory usage and accuracy decreases when applied to large-scale urban scenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytochemical studies on the leaves and twigs of Garcinia oligantha Merr. led to the isolation of twelve previously undescribed depsidone derivatives (oliganthdepsidones A-L, 1-12). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including H and C NMR, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY along with HRESIMS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFERAP1 is an emerging target for a large subclass of severe autoimmune diseases known as "MHC-I-opathy", together with tumor immunity. Nevertheless, effective inhibitors targeting ERAP1 remain a challenge. In this study, a novel food-derived natural product ERAP1-targeting inhibitor, carnosic acid, was identified, and to our knowledge, it is one of the best active compounds among the highly selective inhibitors targeting the orthosteric site of ERAP1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction. Treatment with CM313, a novel anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, can result in targeted clearance of CD38-positive cells, including plasma cells.
Methods: We conducted a phase 1-2, open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CM313 in adult patients with ITP.
While studies have explored the feasibility of switching between various thrombopoietin receptor agonists in treating immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), data on the switching from eltrombopag to hetrombopag remains scarce. This post-hoc analysis of a phase III hetrombopag trial aimed to assess the outcomes of ITP patients who switched from eltrombopag to hetrombopag. In the original phase III trial, patients initially randomized to the placebo group were switched to eltrombopag.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a neurodevelopmental origin. Although schizophrenia results from changes in the brain, the underlying biological mechanisms are unknown. Transcriptomics studies quantitative expression changes or qualitative changes of all genes and isoforms, providing a more meaningful biological insight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMotivation: Multi-omics data provide a comprehensive view of gene regulation at multiple levels, which is helpful in achieving accurate diagnosis of complex diseases like cancer. However, conventional integration methods rarely utilize prior biological knowledge and lack interpretability.
Results: To integrate various multi-omics data of tissue and liquid biopsies for disease diagnosis and prognosis, we developed a biological pathway informed Transformer, Pathformer.
Objective: To study the impact of Gx on quantification of hepatic fat contents under metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) imaged on VIBE Dixon in hepatobiliary specific phase.
Methods: Forty-two rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n = 10) and high-fat diet group (n = 32). Imaging was performed before enhancement (Pre-Gx) and at the 13th (Post-Gx13) and 17th (Post-Gx17) min after Gx enhancement with 2E- and 6E-VIBE Dixon to determine hepatic proton density fat fractions (PDFF).
Patients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) frequently encounter substantial bleeding risks and demonstrate limited responsiveness to existing therapies. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) present a promising alternative, capitalizing on their low immunogenicity and potent immunomodulatory effects for treating diverse autoimmune disorders. This prospective phase I trial enrolled eighteen eligible patients to explore the safety and efficacy of UC-MSCs in treating refractory ITP.
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