First Measurement of Drift-Alfvén Wave Polarization in Magnetically Confined Fusion Plasmas.

Polarization of drift-Alfvén waves, defined as the ratio of electrostatic to electromagnetic fluctuations, has remained unmeasurable in fusion plasmas for decades, despite its pivotal role in understanding wave dynamics and their impact on plasmas. We report the first measurements of drift-Alfvén wave polarization in a hot, magnetically confined plasma. The breakthrough is enabled by a novel methodology developed from gyrokinetic theory, utilizing fluctuations of electron temperature and density.

Echinococcus granulosus ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2D2 and E2N) promote the formation of liver fibrosis in TGFβ1-induced LX-2 cells.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread zoonosis caused by the infection with Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (E. granulosus s.l.

Enhancing Iron(III) Oxide Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance Using Defect Engineering and Heterostructure Construction.

FeO is a promising semiconductor for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water decomposition. However, severe charge recombination problems limit its applications. In this study, a F-FeO/MoS nanorod array photoanode was designed and prepared to facilitate charge separation.

Two pairs of chiral Yb enantiomers presenting distinct NIR luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence performances with giant differences in second-harmonic generation responses.

By introducing enantiomerically pure mono-bidentate N-donor ligands (L/L) into Yb(btfa)(HO) and Yb(dbm)(HO), respectively, two pairs of chiral Yb enantiomers, namely Yb(btfa)L/Yb(btfa)L (D-1/L-1) and [Yb(dbm)L]·[Yb(dbm)(CHOH)]/[Yb(dbm)L]·[Yb(dbm)(CHOH)] (D-2/L-2) were isolated, where btfa = 3-benzoyl-1,1,1-trifluoroacetonate, dbm = dibenzoylmethanate, and L/L = (-)/(+)-4,5-pinenepyridyl-2-pyrazine. D-1/L-1 possess mononuclear structures in which the Yb ions are eight-coordinated, while D-2/L-2 show cocrystal structures containing Yb(dbm)(L/L) and Yb(dbm)(CHOH) moieties in which the two Yb ions are eight and seven-coordinated, respectively. They not only feature different molecular structures but also present distinct linear and nonlinear optical performances.

Molecular characterization and functional implications on mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells of annexin proteins from Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a life-threatening zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, which employs various strategies to evade the host immune system for survival. Recent advances have revealed the role of annexins as excretory/secretory products, providing new insights into the immune regulation by these proteins in the pathogenesis of CE.

Methods: Echinococcus granulosus annexin B proteins EgANXB2, EgANXB18, EgANXB20, and EgANXB23 were cloned, expressed, and analyzed using bioinformatic tools.

A pair of ionic 1D Cu(II) chain enantiomers simultaneously displaying large second- and third-harmonic generation responses.

By employing enantiomerically pure mono-bidentate N-donors (L/L) as chiral bridging ligands to react with Cu(ClO)(HO) in CHCN-DMF mixed solvent, respectively, a pair of ionic one-dimensional (1D) Cu(II) chain enantiomers formulated as {[CuL(CHCN)(DMF)HO](ClO)}/{[CuL(CHCN)(DMF)HO](ClO)} (D-1/L-1) were isolated and structurally characterized, where L/L = (-)/(+)-4,5-pinenepyridyl-2-pyrazine. They crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric (NCS) 222 space group of an orthorhombic system due to the introduction of chiral L/L, and the ClO groups as counteranions reside in crystal lattices, thus leading to charge separation with large dipole moments in their molecular structures. Based on crystal samples, investigation on their nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviors showed that D-1 and L-1 display simultaneously much larger second- and third-harmonic generation (SHG and THG) responses than their analogues based on the same chiral N-donors (L/L) and Cu(NO)(HO) with NO acting as the coordination group to bind Cu(II) ions.

Controlled Thermal Release of L-Menthol with Cellulose-Acetate-Fiber-Shelled Metal-Organic Framework.

Fragrances have been widely used in many customer products to improve the sensory quality and cover flavor defects. The key to the successful application of fragrance is to realize controlled fragrance release, which relies on the use of an appropriate carrier for fragrance. An ideal fragrance carrier helps to achieve the stable storage and controlled release of fragrance.

Determination of biogenic amines in alcoholic beverages using a novel fluorogenic compound as derivatizing reagent.

Biogenic amines (BAs) are organic nitrogenous compounds that are responsible for several biological events. If their concentration reaches the threshold level, it can cause mild to serious health problems in human. A novel bis-styrylphenyl Meldrum's acid derivative (BSMAD) was synthesized and served as a fluorescent turn-on pre-column derivatizing reagent for the quantitative analysis of BAs.

Genetic diversity of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in China: Epidemiological studies and systematic review.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) and remains a major public health concern globally.

The Molecular Basis of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes (E2s) as a Potential Target for Cancer Therapy.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are one of the three enzymes required by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to connect activated ubiquitin to target proteins via ubiquitin ligases. E2s determine the connection type of the ubiquitin chains, and different types of ubiquitin chains regulate the stability and activity of substrate proteins. Thus, E2s participate in the regulation of a variety of biological processes.

Comparative analysis of the allergenic characteristics and serodiagnostic potential of recombinant chitinase-like protein-5 and -12 from Sarcoptes scabiei.

Background: Scabies is caused by burrowing of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei into the stratum corneum. Currently, diagnosis via routine skin scraping is very difficult, and information on the allergenic identification of S. scabiei remains limited.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of annexin B3 and B38 as secretory proteins in Echinococcus granulosus.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease, which poses a threat to public health and animal husbandry, and causes significant economic losses. Annexins are a family of phospholipid-binding proteins with calcium ion-binding activity, which have many functions.

Methods: Two annexin protein family genes [Echinococcus granulosus annexin B3 (EgAnxB3) and EgAnxB38] were cloned and molecularly characterized using bioinformatic analysis.

Water-soluble Tb(3+) and Eu(3+) complexes based on task-specific ionic liquid ligands and their application in luminescent poly(vinyl alcohol) films.

Novel water-soluble lanthanide complexes (Ln(IMI-DPA)3) have been synthesized using the task-specific ionic liquid consisting of a dipicolinic acid motif as the sensitizer of lanthanide luminescence. In Ln(IMI-DPA)3, Ln(3+) ions are in 9-fold coordination through six carboxylate oxygen atoms and three nitrogen atoms in pyridine units, and the water molecule is excluded from the coordination sphere of the lanthanides. It is found that Ln(IMI-DPA)3 possess bright luminescence, long luminescence lifetime in aqueous solution, high thermal stability and good water solubility.