Cost-effectiveness of tislelizumab versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparative analysis in China, the United States and Europe.

Background: Tislelizumab has emerged as a promising therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), although its economic viability across different healthcare systems remains uncertain.

Aim: This study compared the cost-effectiveness of tislelizumab versus sorafenib as a first-line treatment for uHCC from the perspectives of the healthcare systems of China, the United States and Europe.

Method: A partitioned survival model was developed using data from the RATIONALE-301 trial.

Cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as first-line therapy in advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Camrelizumab combination therapy for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has considerable survival benefits. This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab combination therapy versus chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for patients with ESCC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Methods: A three-state partitioned survival model was developed to estimate total costs, life years (LYs), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and incremental net health benefits (INHBs) over a 20-year time horizon.

Molecular mechanism of Ginkgo biloba in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental evaluations.

Ginkgo biloba has gained increasing attention owing to its remarkable effects against cardiovascular disease. However, the role of G. biloba in hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.

Evaluation of CD4/CD8 ratio in children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Intra Venous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a plasma-derived product used to treat many autoimmune diseases, including thrombocytopenia, immunodeficiency, and infectious diseases. In this study, the effect of IVIG injection was evaluated on the number of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. The effect of IVIG was also considered on the percentage of CD4 and CD8 positive cells T cell lymphocytes and their absolute number in pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Trends of Antibiotic Use and Expenditure After an Intensified Antimicrobial Stewardship Policy at a 2,200-Bed Teaching Hospital in China.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intensified Chinese special rectification activity on clinical antibiotic use (CSRA) policy on a tertiary-care teaching hospital. A 48-month longitudinal dataset involving inpatients, outpatients, and emergency patients were collected. Study period included pre-intervention stage (adopting soft measures like systemic training) and post-intervention stage (applying antibiotic control system to intensify CSRA policy).

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Anlotinib as Third- or Further-Line Treatment for Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) in China.

Introduction: The survival of patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has achieved little progress in the last several decades. ALTER1202 confirmed the efficacy and safety of anlotinib as a third- or further-line option for relapsed SCLC. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of anlotinib compared with placebo as third- or further-line treatment for advanced SCLC in China.

ZL006 promotes migration and differentiation of transplanted neural stem cells in male rats after stroke.

New strategies must be developed to resolve the problems of stroke treatment. In recent years, stem cell-based therapy after stroke has come into the public and academic lens. Previously we have shown that uncoupling neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) from the postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) by ZL006, a small molecular compound, can ameliorate ischemic damage and promote neuronal differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in focal cerebral ischemic male rats.

Evaluation of the variability and safety of serum trough concentrations of vancomycin in patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Objective: To examine the variability and safety of serum trough concentrations of vancomycin in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and to analyze the factors influencing the trough concentration.

Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from ICU patients receiving vancomycin treatment at a fixed dose of 2g/day due to unobtainable weight data, at Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, between 2012 and 2015.

Phosphofructokinase-1 Negatively Regulates Neurogenesis from Neural Stem Cells.

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), a major regulatory glycolytic enzyme, has been implicated in the functions of astrocytes and neurons. Here, we report that PFK-1 negatively regulates neurogenesis from neural stem cells (NSCs) by targeting pro-neural transcriptional factors. Using in vitro assays, we found that PFK-1 knockdown enhanced, and PFK-1 overexpression inhibited the neuronal differentiation of NSCs, which was consistent with the findings from NSCs subjected to 5 h of hypoxia.

Interaction of nNOS with PSD-95 negatively controls regenerative repair after stroke.

Stroke is a major public health concern. The lack of effective therapies heightens the need for new therapeutic targets. Mammalian brain has the ability to rewire itself to restore lost functionalities.

Effects of BMP-2 and FGF2 on the osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hindlimb-unloaded rats.

Hindlimb unloading, as a simulation of microgravity, decreases the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from hindlimb femur of rat. We simulated the microgravity by 28-day of hindlimb unloading for male Sprague-Dawley rat, and performed intramuscular injection of BMP-2 and FGF2 at a given interval during hindlimb unloading. Then, the bone marrow (BM) was collected from hindlimb femur of rat.

Biocompatibility and bone-repairing effects: comparison between porous poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(lactic acid) scaffolds.

Copolymer composite scaffolds and bioceramic/polymer composite scaffolds are two representative forms of composite scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering. Studies to compare biocompatibility and bone-repairing effects between these two scaffolds are significant for selecting or improving the scaffold for clinical application. We prepared two porous scaffolds comprising poly-lactic-acid/poly-glycolic-acid (PLGA) and poly-lactic-acid/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP/PLA) respectively, and examined their biocompatibility with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) through evaluating adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potentials of hMSCs in the scaffold.

[Effects of shenghua decoction on hemorheology, thrombosis and microcirculation].

Objective: To investigate the effects of Shenghua decoction on hemorheology, thrombosis and microcirculation, and explore its approach and mechanism.

Method: The main hemorheological indexes and endothelial function were detected in acute stress blood stasis rats. The thrombus wet weight and thrombus dry weight were measured in the rat model of venous thrombosis, and the inhibitory rates in the formation of venous thrombosis were calculated.

[Efficacy of 5-nitroimidazole derivatives in treatment of bacterial vaginosis].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of 5-nitroimidazole derivatives in treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV).

Methods: 278 BV patients were randomly divided into 8 groups to be treated with (1) oral metronidazole sustained release tablet 750 mg/day for 7 days, (2) oral metronidazole sustained release tablet 750 mg/day for 7 days and vaginal tinidazole 250 mg for 7 days, (3) oral tinidazole 1 g/day for 3 days (2 g for the first dose), (4) oral tinidazole 1 g/day for 3 days (2 g for the first dose), (5) oral ornidazole 2 x 500 mg/day for 3 days and vaginal tinidazole 250 mg for 7 days, (6) oral ornidazole 2 x 500 mg/day for 3 days, (7) oral secnidazole 2 g in a single dose and vaginal tinidazole 250 mg for 7 days, and (8) oral secnidazole 2 g in a single dose.

Results: The clinical cure rates of the oral administration groups were 56.