GPR30 selective agonist G-1 induced insulin resistance in ovariectomized mice on high fat diet and its mechanism.

Background: Previous in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that estrogen receptor agonist G-1 regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. This study focused on the effects of G-1 on cardiometabolic syndrome and anti-obesity under a high fat diet (HFD).

Methods: Bilateral ovariectomized female mice were fed an HFD for 6 weeks, and treated them with G-1.

The histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA exerts a protective effect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting sodium-calcium exchanger.

Calcium overload performs a crucial function in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage, which contributes to mitochondrial impairment and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a small molecule histone deacetylases inhibitor with modulatory capacity on Na-Ca exchanger (NCX), is proven to have protective potential towards cardiac remodeling and injury, but the mechanism remains unclear. Hence, Hence, our present research explored the modulation of NCX-Ca-CaMKII by SAHA in myocardial I/R damage.

Postoperative serum myoglobin as a predictor of early allograft dysfunction after liver transplantation.

Background: Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) is a common postliver transplant complication that has been associated with graft failure and risk for poor prognosis. There are many risk factors for the incidence of EAD after liver transplantation (LT). This study investigated whether elevated postoperative myoglobin (Mb) increases the incidence of EAD in liver transplanted recipients.

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in rats.

The ameliorative effects of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) agonists have been demonstrated in acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by multiple stimulations. However, the ameliorative effect of α7nAChR on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model is unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that α7nAChR is highly expressed on the surface of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs).

Soluble Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 and Its Ligand: Potential Biomarkers to Predict Acute Kidney Injury After Surgery in Critically Ill Patients.

Purpose: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been detected in injury kidney. However, their expressions are unclear in mice kidneys under renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In this study, we would observe the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in kidney tissues and analyze the association between the concentrations of PD-1 and PD-L1 in mouse kidney homogenate and the corresponding concentrations of soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in plasma after renal IRI.

Study of stability and interference for catecholamines and metanephrines, 3-methoxytyramine: key point of an accurate diagnosis for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) is highly dependent on the detection of metanephrines and catecholamines. However, the systematic investigation on influencing factors including specimen (plasma or whole blood), anticoagulant, storage conditions, and interference factors need further confirmation.

Methods: Blood with heparin-lithium or EDTA-K2 were collected, stability of epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), metanephrine (MN), normetanephrine (NMN), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) in whole blood and plasma at room temperature and 4 °C for different storage times, stability of plasma MN, NMN and 3-MT at -20 °C and -80 °C were investigated.

Aggressive resection of craniopharyngioma achieved by drilling the tuberculum sellae/planum sphenoidale using a frontal basal interhemispheric approach: A review of 55 cases.

Objective: The frontal basal interhemispheric approach (FBIA) is preferable for resection of craniopharyngioma (CP), achieving desirable total resection rates in early reports of lesions located in the suprasellar region to the third ventricle. For tumours that have created a larger obstruction of the tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale, aggressive resection in the intrasellar region and medial wall of the cavernous sinus is not feasible compared to improving tumour visualization by drilling the tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale. In a report of drilling the sellar tuberculum and sphenoid planum, drilling allowed the direct visualization of tumours invading the intrasellar region and medial wall of the cavernous sinus.

Four new steroids from the leaves and twigs of Dysoxylum pallens and their cytotoxic activities.

Four previously undescribed steroids, identified as (3S,7S,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R,20S)-7α-methoxy-ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β,16β,20-triol (1), ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β,7α,16β-triol (2), ergosta-5,25-dien-3β,7α,16β,20-tetrol (3) and 7α,16β,24α-trihydroxy-varninasterol (4), as well as five known analogues (5-9), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Dysoxylum pallens Hiern (Meliaceae). Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis such as HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and IR. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.

Stability and reference intervals of spot urinary fractionated metanephrines and methoxytyramine by tandem mass spectrometry as a screening method for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

Purpose: The 24 h urinary-fractionated metanephrine (MN) and normetanephrine (NMN) are recommended as the preferred indicators for laboratory diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). However, it might cause missed diagnosis for some type of PPGL, in addition, 24-h urine collection is inconvenient and prone to error, so we aimed to develop a better screening method.

Methods: Urine samples from patients of primary hypertension (n = 317) or PPGL (n = 64) were collected randomly and in a 24-h cycle.

Aspidoptoids A-D: Four New Diterpenoids from Vine.

Four new diterpenoids, named aspidoptoids A-D (-), together with two known analogues (-) were isolated from vine. Aspidoptoids A-B (-) are the first examples of phenylethylene-bearing 20-nor-diterpenoids of which aspidoptoid B () possesses a rare 3,10-oxybridge. Their structures and absolute configuration were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation.