Functions and Regulatory Mechanisms of bHLH Transcription Factors during the Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Woody Plants.

Environmental stresses, including abiotic and biotic stresses, have complex and diverse effects on the growth and development of woody plants, which have become a matter of contention due to concerns about the outcomes of climate change on plant resources, genetic diversity, and world food safety. Plant basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) are involved in a variety of physiological processes and play an important role in biotic and abiotic stress responses of woody plants. In recent years, an increasing body of studies have been conducted on the bHLH TFs in woody plants, and the roles of bHLH TFs in response to various stresses are increasingly clear and precise.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of 'Quanhong poplar' ( W. Bartram ex Humphry Marshall, 2011).

The color of the leaves is one of the most important factors for horticultural crops that are considered by breeders, and is also attracting more and more attention from economists and academics. 'Quanhong poplar' (QHP), a rare, bright reddish-purple color-leaf cultivar that has been widely cultivated in China as a landscape tree, is a very precious color-leaf cultivar. In the present study, a reference-based assembly was performed using whole-genome sequencing data to characterize the chloroplast genome of 'QHP'.

Characterization of the Heat Shock Transcription Factor Family in and Its Potential Roles in Response to Abiotic Stresses.

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are an essential plant-specific transcription factor family that regulates the developmental and growth stages of plants, their signal transduction, and their response to different abiotic and biotic stresses. The HSF gene family has been characterized and systematically observed in various species; however, research on its association with is limited. This study identified 22 genes () in the transcriptome-sequencing data of and categorized them into three classes including HSFA, HSFB, and HSFC, comprising 10, 8, and 4 genes, respectively.

Functional Characterization of AP2/ERF Transcription Factors during Flower Development and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Related Candidate Genes in .

The APETALA2/ethylene-responsive transcription factor (AP2/ERF) family has been extensively investigated because of its significant involvement in plant development, growth, fruit ripening, metabolism, and plant stress responses. To date, there has been little investigation into how the genes influence flower formation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in . Herein, 80 putative transcription factors (TFs) with complete open reading frames (ORFs) were retrieved from the transcriptome sequence data, which could be divided into five subfamilies dependent on their complete protein sequences.

Effects of Seasonal Changes on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Physiological Characteristics in the Two Species.

is a rare and endangered woody plant worldwide with important economic and ecological values. However, the weak environmental adaptability of species, in particular the unstable photosynthetic activity in different seasons, always affects its normal growth and development and limits its conservation and exploitation. To improve the survival of trees in cultivated areas, the seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) and key physiological parameters were comprehensively investigated in and .

Establishing a Virus-Induced Gene Silencing System in .

is an important plant with both medicinal and ornamental values. However, it does not have an efficient genetic transformation system, which makes it difficult to study gene function of the genus. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective technique for studying gene functions in plants.

The Classification, Molecular Structure and Biological Biosynthesis of Flavonoids, and Their Roles in Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.

With the climate constantly changing, plants suffer more frequently from various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, they have evolved biosynthetic machinery to survive in stressful environmental conditions. Flavonoids are involved in a variety of biological activities in plants, which can protect plants from different biotic (plant-parasitic nematodes, fungi and bacteria) and abiotic stresses (salt stress, drought stress, UV, higher and lower temperatures).

Characterization of the Gene Family Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and the Regulation Mechanism under Drought Stress and Methyl Jasmonate Treatment in .

, belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family, is a well-known Chinese traditional medicinal plant and susceptible to many stresses. WRKY proteins are one of the largest families of transcription factors (TFs) in plants and play significant functions in regulating physiological metabolisms and abiotic stress responses. The WRKY TF family has been identified and investigated in many medicinal plants, but its members and functions are not identified in .

Transcriptome-wide characterization of bHLH transcription factor genes in and functional analysis of their response to MeJA.

As one of the biggest plant specific transcription factor (TF) families, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein, plays significant roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. However, there has been minimal research about the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on the gene family in (L'Her.) Herb.

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Related to Floral Bud Differentiation and Flowering Time in Three Populations of .

The transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is important for controlling the flowering of . However, the genetic control of this complex developmental process remains unclear. In this study, 18 shoot apical meristem (SAM) samples were collected from early-, mid- and late-flowering populations during floral bud differentiation.

Transcriptome Analysis of Bulbs Reveals Flowering in the Age-Mediated Pathway.

is a summer bulbous flower that commonly needs to go through a long period of vegetative growth for 3 to 5 years before flowering. Plant flowering is regulated by a complex genetic network. Compared with most perennial flowers, knowledge on the molecular mechanism responsible for floral transition in bulbous flowers is lacking, and only a few genes that regulate flowering have been identified with few reports on the floral transition in .

Genome-wide identification and characterization of PdbHLH transcription factors related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in colored-leaf poplar (Populus deltoids).

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are transcription factors (TFs) that have been shown to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in many plant species. However, the bHLH gene family in Populus deltoids has not yet been reported. In this study, 185 PdbHLH genes were identified in the Populus deltoids genome and were classified into 15 groups based on their sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Regulatory Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Metabolism During Flower Development in .

is used as a garden flower due to the colorful and its special flowers. Floral coloration of is a vital trait that is mainly regulated via the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of petals at four different flower development stages.

Genome-wide analysis and expression profiles of PdeMYB transcription factors in colored-leaf poplar (Populus deltoids).

Background: MYB transcription factors, comprising one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, play many roles in secondary metabolism, especially in anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, the functions of the PdeMYB transcription factor in colored-leaf poplar remain elusive.

Results: In the present study, genome-wide characterization of the PdeMYB genes in colored-leaf poplar (Populus deltoids) was conducted.

Physiological and Molecular Analysis Reveals the Differences of Photosynthesis between Colored and Green Leaf Poplars.

Leaf coloration changes evoke different photosynthetic responses among different poplar cultivars. The aim of this study is to investigate the photosynthetic difference between a red leaf cultivar (ZHP) and a green leaf (L2025) cultivar of . In this study, 'ZHP' exhibited wide ranges and huge potential for absorption and utilization of light energy and CO concentration which were similar to those in 'L2025' and even showed a stronger absorption for weak light.

Comparative Chloroplast Genomes of Four Species (Amaryllidaceae) Provides New Insight into Interspecific Relationship and Phylogeny.

The genus (Amaryllidaceae) consists of about 20 species, which is endemic to East Asia. Although the species is of great horticultural and medical importance, challenges in accurate species identification persist due to frequent natural hybridization and large-scale intraspecific variation. In this study, we sequenced chloroplast genomes of four species and retrieved seven published chloroplast (cp) genome sequences in this genus for comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses.

Recent Research Progress in Taxol Biosynthetic Pathway and Acylation Reactions Mediated by Acyltransferases.

Taxol is one of the most effective anticancer drugs in the world that is widely used in the treatments of breast, lung and ovarian cancer. The elucidation of the taxol biosynthetic pathway is the key to solve the problem of taxol supply. So far, the taxol biosynthetic pathway has been reported to require an estimated 20 steps of enzymatic reactions, and sixteen enzymes involved in the taxol pathway have been well characterized, including a novel taxane-10β-hydroxylase (T10βOH) and a newly putative β-phenylalanyl-CoA ligase (PCL).

Complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Caihong.

Colored-leaf plants are increasingly popular, which has higher ecological, economic and social benefits. Caihong poplar, one of colored-leaf plants from , has been widely used in courtyard embellishment, road greening, garden set King and so on. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of Caihong poplar was evaluated, and the total chloroplast genome size of which is 156,957 bp in length with 36.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Zhonglin 2025.

The complete chloroplast genome of was characterized by reference-based assembly using whole-genome sequencing data. The total chloroplast genome size of included a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 27,649 bp each, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 16,563 bp, and large single-copy region (LSC) of 85,096 bp, which was 156,957 bp in length. A total of 109 genes were predicted from the chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 22 genes, and four genes.

Overexpression of , a Gene From Mats, Enhances Salt Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco.

Melatonin, widely found in various plants as a new antioxidant, could protect plants from various biotic and/or abiotic stresses, including salt stress. (KJ123721), a gene from Mats, is a key enzyme required for melatonin synthesis. However, whether the overexpression of could regulate the synthesis of melatonin and improve the salt tolerance in tobacco remains unknown.

Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Comparative Analyses of , , and (Amaryllidaceae).

The genus (about 20 species) includes important medicinal and ornamental plants. Due to the similar morphological features and insufficient genomic resources, germplasm identification and molecular phylogeny analysis are very limited. Here, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of , , and ; they have very similar morphological traits that make it difficult to identify.

Characterisation of the complete chloroplast genome of (Amaryllidaceae).

is a species in the Amaryllidaceae with high ornamental and medicinal value. It is also an endangered species in East China due to the narrow distribution. Here, we assembled and characterised the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of this species using high throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Complete chloroplast genome of (Amaryllidaceae) and genetic comparison.

is native to China and has various variations. It belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family, which contains abundant alkaloids for medical use and also was planted as garden bulbous flowers. In this study, we assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of by DNA sequencing, which will improve the complete cp genomic information for analysis of phylogenetic relationships and germplasm identification in .

Metabolic Variations of Flavonoids in Leaves of and Obtained by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

The needles of species contain a large number of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids. In the present study, the total flavonoid content in leaves of and was 19.953 and 14.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of .

, widely known as red spider lily. It belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and has highly ornamental and medical value. Here, we assembled the complete chloroplast genome sequence by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics, which will provide more genomic information to the analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship.