Efficient remote sensing image classification using the novel STConvNeXt convolutional network.

Remote sensing images present formidable classification challenges due to their complex spatial organization, high inter-class similarity, and significant intra-class variability. To address the balance between computational efficiency and feature extraction capability in existing methods, this paper innovatively proposes a lightweight convolutional network, STConvNeXt. In its architectural design, the model incorporates a split-based mobile convolution module with a hierarchical tree structure.

Association of phenotypic age acceleration with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among U.S. cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cancer survivors may experience accelerated biological aging, increasing their risk of mortality. However, the association between phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) and mortality among cancer survivors remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PAA and all-cause mortality, cancer-specific mortality, and non-cancer mortality among adult cancer survivors in the United States.

Quality of guidelines for infection management in sepsis: a critical appraisal using the AGREE II instrument.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically assess the methodological quality of current sepsis infection management guidelines and identify gaps in knowledge that limit evidence-based practice.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted to obtain guidelines for the management of sepsis infections (2012-2021), and three reviewers independently assessed the quality of eligible guidelines using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to measure the agreement between reviewers.

Attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in major depressive disorder: A free-viewing eye-tracking study.

Object: Limited evidence exists regarding negative attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This cross-sectional study aimed to explore attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in patients with MDD.

Method: Hamilton Depression Scale-24 items (HAMD-24) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess all participants.

The influence of temperature, seepage and stress on the area and category of wellbore instability.

This study investigates the challenge of borehole instability in shale gas development, focusing on the interactions among temperature, fluid flow, and stress. Using a thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling model of borehole elastic stress combined with a true triaxial rock strength criterion and tensile failure criterion, the research systematically examines the effects of different models on borehole stability in shale formations. The findings reveal that while temperature has a relatively minor impact on the stress distribution and failure zones around boreholes, bottom hole pressure plays a critical role in influencing both the extent of unstable regions and the modes of rock failure.

Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and diabetes: the mediating role of phenotypic age and body mass index.

Objectives: The global prevalence of diabetes is continuously rising, and the gut microbiota is closely associated with it. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) assesses the impact of diet on the microbiota, but its association with diabetes risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between DI-GM and the risk of diabetes and analyze the mediating roles of phenotypic age and body mass index (BMI).

Amphipathic regulation of cottonseed protein with the conjugation of bayberry tannin for efficient surface decontamination of uranium.

Radioactive substances (Uranium) on the human body or facility surfaces are easy to diffuse in nuclear activity, posing a severe threat to ecological security and human health, especially for personnel working in and around uranium mining and nuclear facilities. In this work, a green protein-based surfactant was synthesized using the free-radical conjugating method to graft bayberry tannin (BT) onto cottonseed protein (CPI) for regulating its amphipathy and removing uranyl ions (UO₂²⁺) in both aqueous environments and solid surfaces. FTIR, CD spectroscopy, intrinsic fluorescence, conductometric titration, and SEM-EDX characterization techniques confirmed the successful covalent conjugation of BT onto CPI, inducing unfolding, conformational changes, and enhanced hydrophilicity of CPI.

Pediatric gallbladder torsion managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report and scoping review.

Gallbladder torsion (GT), characterized by the axial rotation of the cystic duct and cystic artery, is a critical condition that predominantly affects elderly women and is infrequently observed in children. Chronic cholecystitis associated with incomplete GT is a particularly rare phenomenon. This article presents a pediatric case of chronic cholecystitis associated with incomplete GT.

Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005-2018.

This study investigated the relationship between the frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. We recruited 2,669 participants with depression from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 and quantified their frailty status using a 53-item frailty index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis provides insights into the mechanisms of terpenoid biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis).

Volatile terpenoids are major substances responsible for the floral and fruity scents of teas. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways in tea plants. 'Zhenfeng Yesheng tea' (ZFYS), a distinctive tea tree germplasm resource in Guizhou province, is known for its unique flavor characterized by a mellow taste and a floral aroma.

Soil nitrogen deficiency aggravated the aging of biodegradable microplastics in paddy soil under the input of organic substances with contrasting C/N ratios.

The application of organic substances to the agricultural field has effectively enhanced soil nutrient levels and crop yields. Biodegradable microplastics (bio-MPs), a pervasive emerging contaminant, may potentially impact the soil ecosystem through their aging process. Here, a 150-day dark incubation experiment was conducted to elucidate the disparities in the aging process of polylactic acid bio-MPs (PLA-MPs) in soils with contrasting C/N ratios of organic substances, as the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear.

Strategies for phosphorus management and greenhouse gas reduction via plant harvesting in the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

The water-level fluctuation zones (WLFZ) in Three Gorges Reservoir encounter several ecological challenges, particularly potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and water eutrophication due to water level variations. Therefore, to address those challenges, our study explores the relationships between soil properties (Phosphorus cycle), plant conditions, microbial community, and GHG emissions. Our findings reveal that aboveground plants are the key link in the WLFZ ecosystem, which has previously been overlooked.

Environmental Impact of Xenobiotic Aromatic Compounds and Their Biodegradation Potential in .

Xenobiotic aromatic compounds are the raw materials of necessities in modern life, such as plastics, pesticides, and antibiotics. To meet the global requirements, their production and consumption have continually increased, and thus, the vast amount of waste generated results in prominent environmental pollution. Fortunately, some microorganisms (e.

Detection and analysis of enzootic nasal tumor virus 2 in China.

Enzootic nasal tumor virus 2 (ENTV2), the etiologic agent of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) in goats, is highly prevalent in China and causes significant economic losses to the goat industry. Here we describe the occurrence of ENA on a Dazu black goat farm in Chongqing City. At autopsy, nasal cavity masses were observed within the nose of an affected goat; histologically, the tumor was a nasal adenocarcinoma.

Laser-induced plasma imaging for quantitative analysis of intergranular corrosion susceptibility of aluminum alloys.

Magnesium plays an important role in the hardening mechanism of aluminum alloys, but sensitisation-induced intergranular corrosion cracking limits the widespread use of aluminum alloy in equipment. For on-site quantitative assessment of sensitisation in 5-series aluminum alloys, a laser-induced plasma imaging technique is proposed, which evaluates the degree of aluminum alloy sensitisation by obtaining images of the plasma formed by laser ablation of aluminum alloys, and then classifying and quantifying the images using a residual network. Compared to EMAT, XRD, ECT and LIBS techniques, the sample surface only needs to be polished, does not consume chemical reagents and is not affected by the shape and thickness of the workpiece, which provides higher quantitative accuracy, stability and detection efficiency.

Real-time monitoring of single-cell extracellular pH based on stretchable microelectrode array.

The study of cell mechanics was significant for understanding cellular physiological functions, the mechanisms of disease occurrence, and the development of novel therapeutic approaches. However, research on the mechanism of mechanical strain action at the single-cell level was relatively lacking. Herein, we developed a serpentine stretchable sensor array capable of exerting precise mechanical strain on cells and monitoring extracellular pH (pHe) changes at single cell level.

Association between phenotypic age and mortality risk in individuals with obesity: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study investigates the association between phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in obese individuals.

Methods: Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018, including 9,925 obese adults (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m). PAA, defined as phenotypic age exceeding chronological age, was assessed using clinical biomarkers.

Re-examining cognitive load measures in real-world learning: Evidence from both subjective and neurophysiological data.

Background: Cognitive load theory is widely used in educational research and instructional design, which relies heavily on conceptual constructs and measurement instruments of cognitive load. Due to its implicit nature, cognitive load is usually measured by other related instruments, such as commonly-used self-report scales of mental effort or task difficulty. However, these concepts are different in nature, as they emphasize distinct perspectives on cognitive processing.

The characteristics of event-related potentials in generalized anxiety disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding event-related potentials (ERPs) abnormalities in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review and synthesize the existing evidence on ERP alterations in individuals with GAD.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica Database, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang database, and China Biology Medicine (CBM) databases from inception to November 11, 2024.

Synergistic Doping Strategy with Novel Multi-Carbonyl Conductive Polymer Enables Stable Self-Powered Perovskite Photodetectors.

Lead halide perovskites hold immense promise for optoelectronic applications but still suffer from instability caused by defects. The defects are mainly generated from the film fabrication processes and halide ion migration during long-term storage. Here, a synergistic doping strategy is proposed to enhance the stability of perovskites.

Effectiveness and safety of semaglutide in overweight/obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The objective of the study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in overweight or obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: The study, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023450979), was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Using a combination of subject matter and free words, a comprehensive search of Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials of semaglutide in overweight or obese adults with or without Type 2 diabetes mellitus from January 1, 2020, to July 14, 2023.

Tissue source may affect the esophageal flora in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of standard sampling methods in the study of the esophageal microbiota in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by comparing the differences in bacterial communities between surgical and endoscopic esophageal mucosal tissues. A total of 72 patients with ESCC who were diagnosed at Taihe Hospital (Shiyan, China) between July 2018 and July 2019 were selected to participate in the present study. The sequence V hypervariable region was amplified, and Illumina HiSeq sequencing was performed to analyze the differences between the two groups.

Mining and influencing factors analysis of sacituzumab govitecan adverse drug event based on FAERS database.

Objective: Utilizing the FAERS database, this study aims to analyze the ADE signals of sacituzumab govitecan to provide references for clinical safety.

Methods: By searching the US FAERS database, we applied Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) methods to analyze ADE reports for sacituzumab govitecan from Q2 2020 to Q4 2023, covering 15 quarters.

Results: The total number of reports with sacituzumab govitecan as the first suspicion was 2854.

Tmax >4 s volume predicts stroke recurrence in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis with optimal medical treatment.

Background: The time to maximum (Tmax) profile based on computed tomography perfusion (CTP) provides a quantitative assessment of cerebral hemodynamic compromise. We aimed to delineate the Tmax profile in stroke patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and to investigate its predictive role in stroke recurrence after optimal medical treatment.

Methods: Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke within 30 days attributed to 50%-99% ICAS were prospectively enrolled.