Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of orchid family species .

The genus is well known as the lady's slipper orchid in Orchidaceae family (Rchb.f.) Stein 1892, has important medicinal and ornamental value, which occurs in the tropical Asia.

Soil pretreatment and fast cell lysis for direct polymerase chain reaction from forest soils for terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of fungal communities.

Humic substances in soil DNA samples can influence the assessment of microbial diversity and community composition. Using multiple steps during or after cell lysis adds expenses, is time-consuming, and causes DNA loss. A pretreatment of soil samples and a single step DNA extraction may improve experimental results.

Photosynthetic Response of Soybean to Microclimate in 26-Year-Old Tree-Based Intercropping Systems in Southern Ontario, Canada.

In order to study the effect of light competition and microclimatic modifications on the net assimilation (NA), growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) as an understory crop, three 26-year-old soybean-tree (Acer saccharinum Marsh., Populus deltoides X nigra, Juglans nigra L.

Soil fungal communities of montane natural secondary forest types in China.

Distinctive plant communities may provide specific physical and chemical properties with soils by specific litters and root exudates to exert effects on soil microorganisms. Past logging activities in the Qinling Mountains induced diverse natural secondary forest types (NSFTs). How these recovered NSFTs regulate patterns of soil microbial communities remain limited.

Soil microbial biomass, basal respiration and enzyme activity of main forest types in the Qinling Mountains.

Different forest types exert essential impacts on soil physical-chemical characteristics by dominant tree species producing diverse litters and root exudates, thereby further regulating size and activity of soil microbial communities. However, the study accuracy is usually restricted by differences in climate, soil type and forest age. Our objective is to precisely quantify soil microbial biomass, basal respiration and enzyme activity of five natural secondary forest (NSF) types with the same stand age and soil type in a small climate region and to evaluate relationship between soil microbial and physical-chemical characters.

[Effects of NaCl stress on leaf photosynthesis characteristics and free amino acid metabolism of Heyedysarum scoparium].

This paper studied the variations of leaf photosynthesis gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and free amino acid contents of Heyedysarum scoparium under the stress of different concentration NaCl, aimed to understand the effects of salt stress on the leaf physiological characteristics and free amino acid metabolism of the plant. Under mild salt stress, the photo-damage of the leaf photosystem II was avoided via the dissipation of excess excitation energy, and stomatal limitation was the main factor reducing the photosynthesis rate. With the increase of salt stress, the leaf photoprotection was not sufficient to avoid oxidative damage, and thus, the damage to photosystem II happened.