Publications by authors named "XiaoYing Gu"

Objectives: To analyze the effect and safety of PCT-guided antibiotic therapy in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial among patients hospitalized for AECOPD in six hospitals in China. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either the PCT-guided group or the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease(GOLD)strategy -guided group.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing for more than 3 years, with an enormous impact on global health and economies. In some patients, symptoms and signs may remain after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which cannot be explained by an alternate diagnosis; this condition has been defined as long COVID. Long COVID may exist in patients with both mild and severe disease and is prevalent after infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Background: The impact of corticosteroids on humoral responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors during the acute phase and subsequent 6-month period remains unknown. This study aimed to determine how the use of corticosteroids influences the initiation and duration of humoral responses in COVID-19 survivors 6 months after infection onset.

Methods: We used kinetic antibody data from the lopinavir-ritonavir trial conducted at Jin Yin-Tan Hospital in January 2020, which involved adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 (LOTUS, ChiCTR2000029308).

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Objective: We aimed to assess the performance of common pneumonia severity scores, such as pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB-65, CRB-65, A-DROP, and SMART-COP, in predicting adverse outcomes in elderly community-acquired pneumonia cohort and to determine the optimal scoring system for specific outcomes of interest.

Methods: A total of 822 elderly inpatients were included in the retrospective cohort study. Clinical and laboratory results on admission were used to calculate the above scores.

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Background: Growing evidence suggests that symptoms associated with post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) can affect multiple organs and systems in the human body, but their association with viral persistence is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in diverse tissues at three timepoints following recovery from mild COVID-19, as well as its association with long COVID symptoms.

Methods: This single-centre, cross-sectional cohort study was done at China-Japan Friendship Hospital in Beijing, China, following the omicron wave of COVID-19 in December, 2022.

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Article Synopsis
  • Abnormal monocyte changes have been linked to acute COVID-19, but their role in long COVID is less clear, prompting a study on survivors discharged from hospitals.
  • Researchers used various statistical methods to analyze 1,389 participants' monocyte counts, discovering two distinct trajectories: high to normal high and normal.
  • Results showed that those with higher monocyte counts had significantly higher odds of experiencing long COVID symptoms, poor lung function, and rehospitalization, suggesting that monocyte counts could be a useful indicator for managing long-term recovery from COVID-19.
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Background: Pulmonary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), a member of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, is a rare malignancy that is associated with a grim prognosis. To date, fewer than 30 cases of pulmonary PNET have been reported. In this case report, we present the clinical details of a 12-year-old girl with pulmonary PNET who underwent surgical treatment.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A study investigated 1-year immune responses in COVID-19 survivors, comparing those who received corticosteroids during hospitalization to those who did not, focusing on neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses.
  • * Findings showed that corticosteroids did not significantly affect the levels of neutralizing antibodies or T-cell responses overall, but higher doses used for longer durations led to increased antibody titers and enhanced functionality of memory T-cells.
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Article Synopsis
  • Simnotrelvir, an oral protease inhibitor, showed promise in treating mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in a phase 2-3 clinical trial.
  • In the study, patients received either simnotrelvir plus ritonavir or a placebo, with results indicating that those on the drug experienced faster resolution of symptoms compared to the placebo group.
  • Although more adverse events were reported in the simnotrelvir group, most were mild to moderate, suggesting that the treatment is generally safe.
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Background: SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immunity more than 1 year after initial infection has not been well characterised. The aim of this study was to investigate the durability and cross-reactivity of immunological memory acquired from natural infection against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals recovered from COVID-19 2 years after infection.

Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, we recruited patients who had recovered from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and were discharged from Jinyintan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between Jan 7 and May 29, 2020.

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Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, but disease burden of CAP is not clear so far. We aim to explore the spatial and temporal trends of mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to CAP during 2013-2021 in mainland China, especially the mortality changes before and during COVID-19 pandemic due to COVID-19 related non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).

Methods: We used data from the National Mortality Surveillance System to estimate the age-standardized rates of death and YLL of CAP at national and provincial level in China during 2013-2021.

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Background: There is a paucity of data on the natural trajectory of outcomes in survivors of COVID-19 beyond 2 years after symptom onset, and no evidence exists on the effect of re-infection in people with long COVID symptoms. We aimed to investigate the 3-year health outcomes of COVID-19 survivors and the effect of omicron re-infection.

Methods: In this single-centre, longitudinal cohort study, we recruited participants with confirmed COVID-19 who were discharged from the Jin Yin-tan hospital in Wuhan, China, between Jan 7 and May 29, 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • Long COVID is a complex condition affecting many people and involves multiple organ systems, but its mechanisms and potential biomarkers are still not fully understood.
  • A study profiled the plasma proteome of 181 COVID-19 survivors and matched healthy controls at various intervals (6 months, 1 year, 2 years) to identify differentially expressed proteins that might serve as biomarkers.
  • Findings revealed four recovery modes, with different biological pathways returning to normal over time, while immune responses and neuronal pathways showed prolonged abnormalities, indicating longer-term effects of COVID-19.*
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Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) was characterized as a protein regulating circulating cholesterol metabolism; however, recent studies demonstrated a role for PCSK9 in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases unrelated to cholesterol alterations. The implication of PCSK9 in myocarditis is unclear and we aim at investigating the roles and mechanisms of PCSK9 in myocarditis. Male BALB/c mice received subcutaneous immunization with MyHC-α peptide on days 0 and 7 to establish the experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) model.

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Background: The long-term health consequences of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the long-term health consequences of patients with COVID-19 who have been discharged from hospital and investigate the associated risk factors, in particular disease severity.

Methods: We did an ambidirectional cohort study of patients with confirmed COVID-19 who had been discharged from Jin Yin-tan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between Jan 7 and May 29, 2020.

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), as an important tumor therapy, can induce severe proteinuria that significantly affects anti-tumor therapy. Existing therapies against proteinuria induced by other etiologies are currently ineffective for TKI-induced proteinuria. It has been shown that various types of proteinuria are related to podocyte damage caused by changes in the RelA signaling pathway.

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The research of text sentiment analysis based on deep learning is increasingly rich, but the current models still have different degrees of deviation in understanding of semantic information. In order to reduce the loss of semantic information and improve the prediction accuracy as much as possible, the paper creatively combines the doc2vec model with the deep learning model and attention mechanism and proposes a new hybrid sentiment analysis model based on the doc2vec + CNN + BiLSTM + Attention. The new hybrid model effectively exploits the structural features of each part.

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide every year, and most HCC patients are diagnosed with advanced disease and can only receive systemic treatment. TKIs are the most important components of the systemic treatment of HCC and have both good efficacy and adverse events (AEs).  METHODS: This analysis included 207 patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic HCC who received oral treatment with apatinib.

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Background: Chronic cough is a common complaint, but there are no population-based data on its burden in China. We determined the prevalence of chronic cough and its impact on health status in adults stratified by sex, age and the diagnosis of COPD or the presence of small airway dysfunction (SAD).

Methods: A representative sample of 57 779 Chinese adults aged 20 years or older was recruited and pulmonary function test was measured.

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Introduction: It is not clear whether polymyxin B/tigecycline (PMB/TGC) combination is better than PMB or TGC alone in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in patients with HAP caused by CROs. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes included clinical success and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI).

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The accuracy of the Cobb measurement is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis. Manual measurement is however influenced by the observer variability hence affecting progression evaluation. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic Cobb measurement method to address the accuracy issue of manual measurement.

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Background: Detailed characteristics of rheumatic symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were still unknown. We aim to investigate the proportions, characteristics, and risk factors of this condition.

Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal cohort study, discharged patients with COVID-19 were interviewed face-to-face at 12 months after symptom onset.

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