PillarFocusNet for 3D object detection with perceptual diffusion and key feature understanding.

This study presents PillarFocusNet, a novel network about 3D point cloud object detection that optimizes the PointPillars framework to improve detection performance. First, we propose the Pillar Clustering Sampling Method to address the sparse and uneven distribution of 3D point cloud data. Second, we introduce the Mixed Pooling Dilated Convolution Layer (MPDC layer) to enhance feature extraction.

Genomic surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variations in Tianjin Municipality, China 2022.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has severely impacted public health. In 2022, the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became the dominant circulating variant in the local COVID-19 outbreaks in Tianjin Municipality, China. To gain a deeper understanding of the genetic variations of the Omicron variant in Tianjin, specimens from individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between December 2021 and November 2022 were used for virus whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

The effects of blood flow restriction training on early muscle strength and mid-term knee function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Early restoration of muscle strength and knee joint function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a critical goal in the rehabilitation process. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT), a low-load training method, has gained attention in musculoskeletal rehabilitation in recent years, but its specific effects in ACLR rehabilitation remain unclear.

Methods: Relevant literature up to December 20, 2024, was searched in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases, and study selection was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Dynamic Strength of over 90 GPa Enhanced by Intershell Friction.

Low-dimensional ultra-strong nanomaterials have attracted great anticipation for applications under extreme dynamic conditions. A photocatalytic method is developed to selectively cut off the outer shell of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), achieving non-contact measurement of intershell friction with both high temporal and spatial resolutions at high sliding velocities under optical microscope. The intershell friction linearly increases with the sliding velocity, with a slope related to intershell distance and chirality of DWCNTs.

B(CF)-Regulated Selectivity of Aryl Alkene Hydrosilylation Catalyzed by a [P,C]-Chelate Cobalt(I) Complex.

In this article, two cobalt complexes bearing bidentate ligands, [Si,C]-chelate cobalt(I) complex [(Si,C)Co(PMe)] () and [P,C]-chelate cobalt(I) complex [(P,C)Co(PMe)] () were synthesized by activating Csp-H of the corresponding 2-(diphenylsilylenoaminomethyl) pyridine () PyN(Me)SiL (L = PhC(NBu)) or 2-(diphenylphosphinoaminomethyl) pyridine () PyN(Me)PPh with CoMe(PMe). The catalytic performance of complexes and for alkene hydrosilylation was studied. Because of the different electronic properties of the phosphine and the silylene pincer ligand, the catalytic effect of phosphine complex is superior to that of silylene complex as indicated by faster conversion and higher selectivity for most of the selected substrates.

Laminarin Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by LPS Through Inhibition of M1 Macrophage Polarisation.

The lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model is used to simulate human acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a high mortality rate. An imbalance between M1 and M2 macrophages, characterised by an increase in M1 macrophages, was observed in sepsis-induced ALI. We report that laminarin, an active ingredient found in algae, exhibits exceptional performance in a mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI.

A critical role of N-acetylation of cytidine in mRNA by NAT10 in T cell expansion and antiviral immunity.

Following activation, naive T cells exit quiescence and require global translation for rapid expansion, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that during T cell activation, cells upregulate the expression of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), an enzyme responsible for N-acetylcytidine (acC) modification of mRNAs. acC-modified Myc mRNAs show higher translation efficiency, enabling rapid synthesis of MYC protein and supporting robust T cell expansion.

CENPF (+) cancer cells promote malignant progression of early-stage TP53 mutant lung adenocarcinoma.

The prevention and precise treatment of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) characterized by small nodules (stage IA) remains a significant challenge for clinicians, which is due largely to the limited understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms spanning from preneoplasia to invasive adenocarcinoma. Our study highlights the pivotal role of cancer cells exhibiting high expression of centromere protein F (CENPF), driven by TP53 mutations, which become increasingly prevalent during the transition from preneoplasia to invasive LUAD. Biologically, cancer cells (CENPF+) exhibited robust proliferative and stem-like capabilities, thereby propelling the malignant progression of early-stage LUAD.

Immunometabolite L-2-HG promotes epigenetic modification of exhausted T cells and improves anti-tumor immunity.

This study aimed to explore the potential correlation between the metabolic intermediate L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2-HG) and T cell exhaustion, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. In this study, we investigated the presence of exhausted T cells (Tex) in patients under certain conditions: HIV infection, chronic leukemia, and hepatocellular carcinoma. To gain insights into the epigenetic signatures and transcriptome alterations in Tex, we employed a combination of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses.

Cortical perforation promotes bone regeneration by enhancing nerve growth factor secretion.

Adequate blood supply around bone grafts is crucial in periodontal regenerative surgery. Research suggests that cortical perforation during surgery can stimulate angiogenesis and cell migration, increase blood supply to the surgical site, and promote local tissue regeneration. However, the effects of perforation on the local tissue microenvironment and the molecular mechanisms by which corticotomy promotes bone regeneration remain unclear.

An integrated framework of life-cycle environmental, human health, and economic impact assessment for urban water systems.

Water scarcity presents a pressing and lasting challenge to many large cities, necessitating adaptations in urban water systems. Developing reliable water resources is crucial for enhancing water security, yet concerns regarding costs and environmental impacts persist. To address this, we have developed an integrated framework that combines life cycle assessment (LCA), quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), and life cycle costing (LCC) for evaluating the environmental, public health, and economic impacts of water systems.

Comparative Study of Trans-Axillary Approach and Delto-Pectoral Approach to the Treatment of Ideberg Types I and II Scapular Glenoid Fractures.

Objective: Clinically, simple glenoid fractures are less prevalent, and surgical treatment of anterior glenoid fractures is often based on the classic anterior approach (delto-pectoral approach), while there are few reports on the efficacy of the trans-axillary approach. The objective of this study is to explore the clinical efficacy of both approaches in the treatment of Ideberg Types I and II scapular glenoid fractures.

Methods: The trans-axillary approach is the surgical method of exposing a glenoid fracture along the anterior edge of the latissimus dorsi muscle through an axillary incision.

Two-year outcomes of combined surgical peripheral iridectomy, goniosynechialysis, and goniotomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma without cataract: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the two-year outcomes of combined surgical peripheral iridectomy (SPI), goniosynechialysis (GSL), and goniotomy (GT) for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) without cataract.

Design: Multicenter prospective study.

Methods: The study included patients who received a combined SPI + GSL + GT for advanced PACG without cataract, all completed a 24-month follow-up.

Development and Preclinical Evaluation of [Cu]Cu-NOTA-ABDB6: A CD70 and Albumin Dual-Binding Tracer with Improved Pharmacokinetics.

CD70 is an emerging biomarker for both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, highlighting the urgent need for a molecular imaging tracer capable of visualizing CD70 with favorable pharmacokinetics. ABDB6 was prepared by fusing the albumin-binding domain ABD035 with the CD70-targeting single-domain antibody RCCB6, which we previously reported. The resulting ABDB6 was then conjugated to the bifunctional chelator -SCN-NOTA and labeled with Cu to produce [Cu]Cu-NOTA-ABDB6.

The Prebiotic Effect of Kaempferol in Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism.

Kaempferol (Kae), as a homologous flavonoid, plays a pivotal role in human nutrition and disease treatment. This study endeavors to elucidate the in vivo metabolism of Kae and its potential to modulate the interplay between bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota (GM). After Kae administration, we analyzed pharmacokinetics, BA levels, and drug metabolic enzymes (DMEs) amount using LC-MS/MS.

Species Diversity of Section in Southwestern China, with a Description of Three New Species.

Species of sect. are challenging to delimitate due to the morphological similarity among different taxa. In this study, morphological characteristics, molecular phylogenetic data, and ecological traits were integrated to investigate the species diversity of this section of southwestern China.

Engineering Continuous Ion/Electron Channels in Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductor for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries.

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) suffer from stress accumulation, poor interfacial stability, and lithium dendrite growth. A potential solution to these issues is the design of a three-dimensional nanotubular mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) as a lithium host, which induces lithium plating/stripping inside via Coble creep. Herein, we develop a novel MIEC comprising a mechanically robust and electrochemically stable titanium nitride (TiN) nanotube array, with an ion-conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) coating on the inner surface of the TiN as a lithium host.

[Research Progress of Tumor-associated Neutrophils in the Occurrence and Development of Lung Cancer].

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate worldwide. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a key factor in the progression of lung cancer, composed of tumor cells, signaling molecules, fibroblasts, immune cells, etc. Among them, tumor associated neutrophil (TAN), as an important component of immune cells in the TME, plays multiple roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis due to its aberrant function, and is closely associated with poor prognosis.

A Retrospective Analysis of ALS Clusters Near Algae Blooms in North Carolina (P5-11.019).

Objective: To examine clinical differences between individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who live near and far from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in North Carolina.

Background: While 10% of ALS cases are associated with genetic mutations, the rest may have environmental causes. Higher than expected numbers of ALS cases have been identified near HABs in North Carolina using data from death certificates between 1999 and 2020 (unpublished).

Regulating Homogeneous Reactions for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Discontinuous and uneven Li flux leads to inhomogeneous reactions, accelerating lithium (Li) dendrite growth and reducing the utilization of active materials, which severely impacts the performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). To address this challenge, we propose an effective homogeneous reaction design facilitated by an all-aligned nanofibrous architecture, which establishes continuous, uniform, and rapid Li pathways throughout the battery. This design enhances Li diffusion dynamics and ensures a uniform distribution of current density, hence promoting homogeneous Li nucleation at the anode and efficient Li insertion/extraction at the cathode.

Polarization Boost and Ferroelectricity Down to One Unit Cell in Layered Carpy-Galy LaTiO Thin Films.

Layered perovskite-based compounds offer a range of unconventional properties enabled by their naturally anisotropic structure. Among these, the Carpy-Galy phases (ABO), characterized by (110)-oriented perovskite planes interleaved with additional oxygen layers, stand out for robust in-plane polarization. However, the challenges associated with the synthesis of ultrathin Carpy-Galy films and understanding the impact of strain on their properties limit their integration into devices.

Solar and water-induced lignin degradation: Catalyzing the acceleration of plant biomass carbon cycling.

Photodegradation is an important factor that affects the terrestrial carbon cycle. Lignin is a main component of plant biomass, easily and selectively undergoes photodegradation. Moreover, lignin provides key information that is essential for studying photodegradation of plant biomass.

Bletilla striata polysaccharides alleviate ARDS by inhibiting NETs-induced pyroptosis in pulmonary alveolar macrophage through the PAD4 pathway.

Bletilla striata, a traditional Chinese medicine known for its astringent hemostatic and heat-clearing properties, has been traditionally utilized for detoxification. This study aims to explore the potential of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSP) in alleviating pneumonia associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by influencing Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) as well as NETs-induced alveolar macrophages (AMs) pyroptosis. Results found that BSP demonstrated a significant mitigation effect to lung injury in ARDS mice.

The role of different LNG-IUS therapies in the management of adenomyosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To summarize evidence on the efficacy and safety of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in managing adenomyosis (AM), both as a monotherapy and in combination with other therapies.

Methods: We searched Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System On-Line: Medline, The Cochrane Library, Embase, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang from the inception to Aug 12, 2024 for articles using the LNG-IUS both alone and combined with other therapies in patients with AM. The primary outcome included dysmenorrhea, menstrual bleeding, uterine volume, endometrial thickness and quality of life.