Review of porous microspheres for enzyme immobilization: Strategies, applications, and prospects.

Enzymes are natural biocatalysts with the advantages such as high catalytic efficiency, and strong substrate selectivity. However, the features of structure instability and low reusability rates have limited the industrial applications of enzyme. Fortunately, advancements in technology have made enzyme immobilization possible.

MST1, a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease, regulates mitochondrial homeostasis by mediating mitochondrial DNA transcription and the PI3K-Akt-ROS pathway.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent irreversible neurodegenerative condition marked by gradual cognitive deterioration and neuronal loss. The mammalian Ste20-like kinase (MST1)-Hippo pathway is pivotal in regulating cell apoptosis, immune response, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. However, the association between MST1 and mitochondrial function in AD remains unknown.

Machine learning-assisted dual-atom sites design with interpretable descriptors unifying electrocatalytic reactions.

Low-cost, efficient catalyst high-throughput screening is crucial for future renewable energy technology. Interpretable machine learning is a powerful method for accelerating catalyst design by extracting physical meaning but faces huge challenges. This paper describes an interpretable descriptor model to unify activity and selectivity prediction for multiple electrocatalytic reactions (i.

Topping and NPK fertilization alter seed germination, plant growth and active components of .

Introduction: , a tall herbaceous plant, has been traditionally utilized as a herbal remedy both in China and Russia.

Methods: This study was set to explore how to cultivate high quality seedlings, considering factors such as seedling time, seeding density, shading, and plastic film mulching. In addition, we investigated the impact of topping and fertilizer on the growth and quality of .

Interfacial Engineering of Ag/C Catalysts for Practical Electrochemical CO Reduction to CO.

Electrochemical CO reduction to value-added chemicals by renewable energy sources is a promising way to implement the artificial carbon cycle. During the reaction, especially at high current densities for practical applications, the complex interaction between the key intermediates and the active sites would affect the selectivity, while the reconfiguration of electrocatalysts could restrict the stability. This paper describes the fabrication of Ag/C catalysts with a well-engineered interfacial structure, in which Ag nanoparticles are partially encapsulated by C supports.

Research Progress of miRNA in Heart Failure: Prediction and Treatment.

This review summarizes the multiple roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the prediction and treatment of heart failure (HF), including the molecular mechanisms regulating cell apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and ventricular remodeling, and highlights the importance of miRNAs in the prognosis of HF. In addition, the strategies for alleviating HF with miRNA intervention are discussed. On the basis of the challenges and emerging directions in the research and clinical practice of HF miRNAs, it is proposed that miRNA-based therapy could be a new approach for prevention and treatment of HF.

The genus Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreaceae), a review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The genus Dioscorea, a member of the Dioscoreaceae family, comprises approximately 600 species and is widely distributed across temperate and tropical regions such as Asia, South Africa, and North America. The traditional medicinal uses of Dioscorea have been documented in Asian and African pharmacological systems. In Asia, this genus is traditionally used to treat respiratory illnesses, rheumatism, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, and other conditions.

Super-enhancer mediated upregulation of MYEOV suppresses ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Super-enhancers (SEs) exerted a crucial role in regulating the transcription of oncogenes across various malignancies while the roles of SEs driven genes and the core regulatory elements remain elusive in LUAD. In this study, cancer-specific-SE-genes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were profiled through H3K27ac ChIP-seq data of cancer cell lines and normal lung tissues, which enriched in in biological processes and pathways integral to the pathophysiology of LUAD. Based on this study, LUAD cells were susceptible to SEs inhibitors, with a reduction of cell proliferation as well as an elevation of apoptosis upon JQ1 or THZ1 intervention.

A Non-Bonding Interaction-Based Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Halogenated Carbonyl Compounds.

The fluorescent detection of neutral and volatile carbonyl halogenated compounds had not been studied before. We describe here a simple and sensitive turn-on rhodamin fluorescent probe for the selective detection of fluorinated/brominated/chlorinated/iodinated carbonyl compounds. A wide range of linear or cyclic volatile organic halides was detected with a limit of detection as low as 45.

Sex Differences in Depressive Symptoms in 1308 Patients Post-Stroke at Entry to Cardiac Rehabilitation.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine whether a sex difference exists in the prevalence of post-stroke depressive symptoms (PSDS) at entry to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and to determine the correlates of PSDS in all patients, and in women and men separately.

Methods: People post-stroke at entry to CR from database records (2006-2017) were included. Bivariate analyses identified PSDS correlates (≥16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) in all patients and women and men separately.

Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways.

Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) mediate the transport of reactants, products and electrons for the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) in membrane electrode assemblies. The random distribution of ionomer, added by the traditional physical mixing method, in the catalyst layer of GDEs affects the transport of ions and CO. Such a phenomenon results in elevated cell voltage and decaying selectivity at high current densities.

Review of the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from , and .

Background: Lévl. et Van., Pamp.

Effects of surface properties of GaN semiconductors on cell behavior.

In recent years, semiconductors have aroused great interest in connecting, observing and influencing the behavior of biological elements, and it is possible to use semiconductor-cell compound interfaces to discover new signal transduction in the biological field. Among them, III-V nitride semiconductors, represented by gallium nitride (GaN), are used as substrates to form semiconductor-biology interfaces with cells, providing a platform for studying the effects of semiconductors on cell behavior. The interfaces between GaN substrate and cells play an important role in detecting and manipulating cell behaviors and provide a new opportunity for studying cell behavior and developing diagnostic systems.

[Correlations between appearance traits and internal quality of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium roots based on theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification"].

It is generally believed that high-quality Bupleurum scorzonerifolium roots possess specific morphological characteristics, being red, robust, and long with strong odor. However, the scientific connotation of these characteristics has not been elucidated. According to the theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification", we studied the correlations between appearance traits(the RGB value of root surface, root length, root diameter, dry weight, and ratio of phloem to xylem) and content of main chemical components(volatile oils, total saponins, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, and seven saikosaponins) of B.

Profiling and integrated analysis of transcriptional addiction gene expression and prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Transcriptional dysregulation caused by genomic and epigenetic alterations in cancer is called "transcriptional addiction". Transcriptional addiction is an important pathogenic factor of tumor malignancy. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) genomes are highly heterogeneous, with many dysregulated genes.

Study on molecular mechanism of volatiles variation during root development based on metabolome and transcriptome analysis.

Willd. is a medicinal herb. Its root has a high content of volatile oil (BSVO), which shows a variety of biological activities.

Single molecule localizations of voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.5 on the surfaces of normal and cancer breast cells.

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are widely expressed in various types of tumor and cancer cells, and Na1.5 is overexpressed in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. There may be positive relations between the expression levels of Na1.

Studies on biotransformation mechanism of sp. C39 to enhance saponin content of Paridis Rhizoma.

Paridis Rhizoma is a natural medicine with strong anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Our previous research have found that sp. C39, an endophytic fungus isolated from Dioscorea nipponica which contains the similar chemical components, significantly increased the steroidal saponins content of Paridis Rhizoma by fermentation.

New insights into immunomodulatory properties of lactic acid bacteria fermented herbal medicines.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought more attention to the immune system, the body's defense against infectious diseases. The immunomodulatory ability of traditional herbal medicine has been confirmed through clinical trial research, and has obvious advantages over prescription drugs due to its high number of potential targets and low toxicity. The active compounds of herbal drugs primarily include polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, and phenolics and can be modified to produce new active compounds after lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation.

Linguistic features and psychological states: A machine-learning based approach.

Previous research mostly used simplistic measures and limited linguistic features (e.g., personal pronouns, absolutist words, and sentiment words) in a text to identify its author's psychological states.

Study of Saponin Components after Biotransformation of by Endophytic Fungi C39.

This study conducted the solid fermentation process of using endophytic fungi C39 to determine the changes in the diosgenin concentration. The results revealed that endophytic fungi C39 could effectively biotransform the saponin components in . Moreover, the maximum increase in the diosgenin concentration reached 62.

Direct investigations of the electrical conductivity of normal and cancer breast cells by conductive atomic force microscopy.

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignant cancers that threatens the health of women severely. The pathogenesis has not been revealed exhaustively due to the complex mechanisms. Evidences suggest that electrical conductivity properties play critical roles in cellular functions and activities.

Analysis of the mechanism of saponin biotransformation in Dioscoreae nipponicae rhizoma by the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. C39 using whole-genome sequencing.

Fusarium sp. C39 is an endophytic fungus of Dioscorea nipponica Makino. Symbiosis of Fusarium sp.