Fecal microbiota transplantation against moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blind controlled explorer trial.

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel treatment for inflammatory diseases. Herein, we assess its safety, efficacy, and immunological impact in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we performed the efficacy and safety assessment of FMT for moderate-to-severe adult patients with AD.

Incidence of prostate cancer in Medicaid beneficiaries with and without HIV in 2001-2015 in 14 states.

Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence is reportedly lower in men with HIV compared to men without HIV for unknown reasons. We describe PCa incidence by HIV status in Medicaid beneficiaries, allowing for comparison of men with and without HIV who are similar with respect to socioeconomic characteristics and access to healthcare. Men (N = 15,167,636) aged 18-64 with ≥7 months of continuous enrollment during 2001-2015 in 14 US states were retained for analysis.

Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.

Disparities in HIV care by socioeconomic status, place of residence, and race/ethnicity prevent progress toward epidemic control. No study has comprehensively characterized the HIV care cascade among people with HIV enrolled in Medicaid - an insurance source for low-income individuals in the US. We analyzed data from 246,127 people with HIV enrolled in Medicaid 2001-2015, aged 18-64, living in 14 US states.

Multi-omics signatures reveal genomic and functional heterogeneity of Cutibacterium acnes in normal and diseased skin.

Cutibacterium acnes is the most abundant bacterium of the human skin microbiome since adolescence, participating in both skin homeostasis and diseases. Here, we demonstrate individual and niche heterogeneity of C. acnes from 1,234 isolate genomes.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Microbiota is Associated with the Diagnosis and Prognosis Evaluation of Lung Cancer.

Unlabelled: The gut microbiota and cancer have been demonstrated to be closely related. However, few studies have explored the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) microbiota in patients with lung cancer (LC), specifically the microbiota related to progression-free survival (PFS) in LC. A total of 216 BALF samples were collected including 166 LC and 50 benign pulmonary disease (N-LC) samples, and further sequenced using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Receipt of Prostate-Specific Antigen Test in Medicaid Beneficiaries With and Without HIV in 2001-2015 in 14 States.

Studies have reported lower incidence of prostate cancer in men living with HIV compared with men without HIV for reasons that remain unclear. Lower prostate cancer screening in men living with HIV could explain these findings. We describe receipt of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test each calendar year by HIV status in Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled in 14 U.

Incidence of prostate cancer in Medicaid beneficiaries with and without HIV in 2001-2015 in 14 states.

Background: Prostate cancer is projected to be the most common cancer among people living with HIV; however, incidence of prostate cancer has been reported to be lower in men with HIV compared to men without HIV with little evidence to explain this difference. We describe prostate cancer incidence by HIV status in Medicaid beneficiaries, allowing for comparison of men with and without HIV who are similar with respect to socioeconomic characteristics and access to healthcare.

Methods: Medicaid beneficiaries (N=15,167,636) aged 18-64 with ≥7 months of continuous enrollment during 2001-2015 in 14 US states were retained for analysis.

Incidence of Colon Cancer Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Under Comparable Colorectal Cancer Screening Patterns.

Background: People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) in the United States have a lower incidence of colon cancer than the general population. The lower incidence may be explained by differences in receipt of screening. Thus, we sought to estimate colon cancer incidence under scenarios in which Medicaid beneficiaries, with or without HIV, followed the same screening protocols.

Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.

Disparities in HIV care by socioeconomic status, place of residence, and race/ethnicity prevent progress toward epidemic control. No study has comprehensively characterized the HIV care cascade among people with HIV enrolled in Medicaid - an insurance source for low-income individuals in the US. We analyzed data from 246,127 people with HIV enrolled in Medicaid 2001-2015, aged 18-64, living in 14 US states.

Sialylation on vesicular integrin β1 determined endocytic entry of small extracellular vesicles into recipient cells.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are closely associated with the development and metastasis of many types of mammalian cancer. Glycoconjugates are highly expressed on sEV and play important roles in sEV biogenesis and their interaction with other cells. However, the study on vesicular glycoconjugates are far behind proteins and nucleic acids.

Attenuation of allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis by ectopic colonization of Brevundimonas vesicularis in the intestine.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has shown beneficial effects against atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the mechanisms and parameters underlying the efficacy of AIT remain unclear. Here, we report that the community structure and function of the oral and gut microbiota are changed in patients with AD undergoing AIT. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from patients who respond well to AIT improves AD-like dermatitis in mice.

Bacteroides methylmalonyl-CoA mutase produces propionate that promotes intestinal goblet cell differentiation and homeostasis.

Propionate is a short-chain fatty acid that is generated upon microbiome-mediated fiber fermentation in the intestine. By modulating immune and metabolic pathways, propionate exerts many health benefits. Key bacterial species, such as Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, generate propionate, but the biochemical pathways and specific functions remain undetermined.

Comparing Cancer Incidence in an Observational Cohort of Medicaid Beneficiaries With and Without HIV, 2001-2015.

Background: Life expectancy among people with HIV (PWH) is increasing, making chronic conditions-including cancer-increasingly relevant. Among PWH, cancer burden has shifted from AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) toward non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs).

Setting: We described incidence of cancer in a claims-based cohort of Medicaid beneficiaries.

Lower endoscopy, early-onset, and average-onset colon cancer among Medicaid beneficiaries with and without HIV.

Background: Studies suggest a lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and lower or similar CRC screening among people with HIV (PWH) compared with the general population. We evaluated the incidence of lower endoscopy and average-onset (diagnosed at ≥50) and early-onset (diagnosed at <50) colon cancer by HIV status among Medicaid beneficiares with comparable sociodemographic factors and access to care.

Methods: We obtained Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) data from 2001 to 2015 for 14 states.

Differential changes in the gut microbiota between extrinsic and intrinsic atopic dermatitis.

Elevated serum level of total and (or) allergen-specific IgE is one of the key features of atopic dermatitis (AD). Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome mediates interactions between external exposures and the immune system in AD; however, the relationship between the gut microbiota and IgE remains unclear. In the present study, analyses of environmental exposures for 250 AD patients and 138 healthy volunteers revealed an association between hygiene levels in the residential environment and the occurrence of AD and the IgE level.

Heterogeneous Regulation of StaphylococcusAureus by Different StaphylococcusEpidermidisagr Types in Atopic Dermatitis.

The skin commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis exhibits a protective role in skin inflammation; however, the exact functions of S. epidermidis and their mechanisms in atopic dermatitis (AD) are not fully understood. Here, whole-genome sequencing was conducted on strains of S.

Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the expression and prognostic significance of TSC22D domain family genes in adult acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: TSC22D domain family genes, including TSC22D1-4, play a principal role in cancer progression. However, their expression profiles and prognostic significance in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain unknown.

Methods: The online databases, including HPA, CCLE, EMBL-EBI, GEPIA2, BloodSpot, GENT2, UCSCXenaShiny, GSCALite, cBioportal, and GenomicScape, utilized the data of TCGA and GEO to investigate gene expression, mutation, copy number variation (CNV), and prognostic significance of the TSC22D domain family in adult AML.

Antibiofilm activity of ultra-small gold nanoclusters against Fusobacterium nucleatum in dental plaque biofilms.

Pathogenic dental plaque biofilms are universal and harmful, which can result in oral infections and systemic diseases. Many conventional therapeutic methods have proven insufficient or ineffective against plaque biofilms. Therefore, new strategies are urgently needed.

Butyrate-producing Eubacterium rectale suppresses lymphomagenesis by alleviating the TNF-induced TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis.

Microbiota-induced tumorigenesis is well established in solid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract but rarely explored in hematologic malignancies. To determine the role of gut microbiota in lymphoma progression, we performed metagenomic sequencing on human primary gastrointestinal B cell lymphomas. We identified a distinct microbiota profile of intestinal lymphoma, with significantly decreased symbiotic microbes, particularly the genus Eubacterium and notably butyrate-producing Eubacterium rectale.

Isocaloric-restricted Mediterranean Diet and Chinese Diets High or Low in Plants in Adults With Prediabetes.

Context: Calorie restriction plus dietary advice is suggested as a preventive strategy for individuals with obesity and prediabetes; however, optimal diet is still debatable. We aimed to compare the effects of Mediterranean diet (MD) and Chinese diets high or low in plants on body weight and glucose homeostasis among high-risk Chinese.

Subjects And Methods: In this parallel-arm randomized controlled trial, 253 Chinese adults aged 25 to 60 years with a body mass index ≥ 24.

The Role of Mental Health and Sustainable Learning Behavior of Students in Education Sector Influences Sustainable Environment.

Mental health has been declared as the essential component of overall human wellbeing. However, there has been a very steep rate of depression and anxiety in students that exhibit their social and personal burdens. It has been widely accepted that the wellbeing and mental health of individuals are a mix of psychological, genetic, social, lifestyle factors, and environmental exposure.

Computer delivered intervention for alcohol and sexual risk reduction among women attending an urban sexually transmitted infection clinic: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: We sought to determine if a computer delivered brief alcohol intervention (CBI) with or without interactive voice response counseling and text messages (CBI-IVR-TM), reduced alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors compared to attention control.

Methods: We conducted a 3-arm RCT among women (n = 439) recruited from Baltimore City Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Clinics. Eligibility included: 1) consumption of >7 drinks per week or 2) ≥2 episodes of heavy episodic drinking or ≥2 episodes of sex under the influence of alcohol in the prior three months.

Sexual dimorphism in glucose metabolism is shaped by androgen-driven gut microbiome.

Males are generally more susceptible to impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) than females. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. Here, we revealed that gut microbiome depletion abolished sexual dimorphism in glucose metabolism.