The complete mitochondrial genome of a medicinal insect, Hydrillodes repugnalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Erebidae), and related phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of an important medicinal insect Hydrillodes repugnalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) was sequenced and analyzed. The mitogenome is circular with 15,570 bp long, and shows typical gene content and arrangement. Nucleotide composition is highly biased toward A + T nucleotides (81.

Analysis of the affinity of influenza A virus protein epitopes for swine MHC I by a modified in vitro refolding method indicated cross-reactivity between swine and human MHC I specificities.

In vitro refolding assays can be used to investigate the affinity and stability of the binding of epitope peptides to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, which are key factors in the presentation of peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The recognition of peptide epitopes by CTLs is crucial for protection against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. The peptide-binding motif of the swine SLA-3*hs0202 molecule has been previously reported and partly overlaps with the binding motif of the most abundant human MHC allele, HLA-A*0201.

Highly Selective Electrochemical Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia at Ambient Temperature and Pressure over Iron Oxide Catalysts.

The catalytic conversion of dinitrogen (N ) into ammonia under ambient conditions represents one of the Holy Grails in sustainable chemistry. As a potential alternative to the Haber-Bosch process, the electrochemical reduction of N to NH is attractive owing to its renewability and flexibility, as well as its sustainability for producing and storing value-added chemicals from the abundant feedstock of water and nitrogen on earth. However, owing to the kinetically complex and energetically challenging N reduction reaction (NRR) process, NRR electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and high selectivity are rare.

A Clinical Prediction Model for Surgical Site Infections in Dermatological Surgery.

To adequately identify patients at risk for surgical site infection in dermatological surgery and effectively prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis, a prediction model may be helpful. Such a model was developed using data from 1,407 patients who underwent dermatological surgery without antibiotic prophylaxis. The multivariable logistic regression model included type of closure, tumour location and defect size as risk factors.

A pre-clinical safety study of PEGylated recombinant human endostatin (MES) in Sprague Dawley rats.

PEGylated recombinant human endostatin (MES) exhibited prolonged serum half-life and enhanced antitumor activity when compared with endostatin. A pre-clinical study was performed to evaluate the safety of MES in rats. After intravenous (IV) infusions of MES at a dose level of 3, 15 and 75 mg/kg in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, MES was well tolerated in animals, with no observable changes in clinical observation, body weight, food consumption, urine analysis, hematology and serum biochemical analysis.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the soybean leaffolder, Omiodes indicata (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae), and phylogenetic analysis for Pyraloidea.

Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the Omiodes indicata was sequenced and characterized. The circular mitogenome is 15,367bp long, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and an A+T-rich region. Nucleotide composition is highly biased toward A+T nucleotides (81.

Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Dermatological Surgery.

Current literature on risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in dermatological surgery in the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis is limited. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate patients presenting for dermatological surgery. A total of 1,977 procedures were reviewed.

Swim Training Attenuates Inflammation and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet.

Exercise could afford multiple beneficial effects on obesity-related metabolic disorders. To address this issue, C57BL/6J mice were used to investigate the effects of 13 weeks of swim training on HFD-induced obesity and related insulin resistance and inflammation. Our results show that swim training can significantly prevent HFD-induced weight gain and increase resting energy expenditure without affecting food intake.

[Relationship between cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 and nuclear factor κB in one lung ventilation-induced lung injury in rabbits].

Objective: To elucidate the mechanisms of up regulated expression of cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (CPLA2) induced by one lung ventilation (OLV) by investigating the interactions between nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) and C-PLA2.

Methods: Forty-eight healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomized into control group, solvent treatment group (group S), NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC)/solvent treatment group ( group PS), C-PLA2 inhibitor (AACOCF3)/solvent treatment group (group AS), OLV group (group O), solvent treatment plus OLV group (SO group), NFκB inhibitor (PDTC)/solvent treatment plus OLV group (group PSO) and CPLA2 inhibitor (AACOCF3)/solvent treatment plus OLV group (group ASO). ELISA was used to detect arachidonic acid (AA) content in the lung tissues, and NFκB and CPLA2 expressions were detected by Western blotting and quantitative PCR.

Plasmon Reflections by Topological Electronic Boundaries in Bilayer Graphene.

Domain walls separating regions of AB and BA interlayer stacking in bilayer graphene have attracted attention as novel examples of structural solitons, topological electronic boundaries, and nanoscale plasmonic scatterers. We show that strong coupling of domain walls to surface plasmons observed in infrared nanoimaging experiments is due to topological chiral modes confined to the walls. The optical transitions among these chiral modes and the band continua enhance the local conductivity, which leads to plasmon reflection by the domain walls.

Frictional Magneto-Coulomb Drag in Graphene Double-Layer Heterostructures.

Coulomb interaction between two closely spaced parallel layers of conductors can generate the frictional drag effect by interlayer Coulomb scattering. Employing graphene double layers separated by few-layer hexagonal boron nitride, we investigate density tunable magneto- and Hall drag under strong magnetic fields. The observed large magnetodrag and Hall-drag signals can be related with Laudau level filling status of the drive and drag layers.

Ultrathin Cell-Membrane-Mimic Phosphorylcholine Polymer Film Coating Enables Large Improvements for In Vivo Electrochemical Detection.

Resisting biomolecule adsorption onto the surface of brain-implanted microelectrodes is a key issue for in vivo monitoring of neurochemicals. Herein, we demonstrate that an ultrathin cell-membrane-mimic film of ethylenedioxythiophene tailored with zwitterionic phosphorylcholine (EDOT-PC) electropolymerized onto the surface of a carbon fiber microelectrode (CFE) not only resists protein adsorption but also maintains the sensitivity and time response for in vivo monitoring of dopamine (DA). As a consequence, the as-prepared PEDOT-PC/CFEs could be used as a new reliable platform for tracking DA in vivo and would help understand the physiological and pathological functions of DA.

Aesthetic outcome and complications of simple interrupted versus running subcuticular sutures in facial surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The suturing technique and its associated complications could affect cosmetic outcome after facial surgery. Literature on this topic is limited.

Objective: To compare the cosmetic results 12 months after treatment and complications associated with simple interrupted sutures (SIS) versus running subcuticular sutures (RSS) in facial surgery.

Cyanidin-3-glucoside increases whole body energy metabolism by upregulating brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function.

Scope: Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Promoting brown adipose tissue (BAT) formation and function increases energy expenditure and may protect against obesity. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is an anthocyanin compound that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables.

Colonization and Maize Growth Promotion Induced by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Isolates.

Phosphorus (P) limits the production of maize, one of the major food crops in China. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have the capacity to solubilize phosphate complexes into plant absorbable and utilizable forms by the process of acidification, chelation, and exchange reactions. In this study, six bacteria, including one sp.

Effect of GAPT extract on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzymes in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.

Objective: To investigate the effect of GAPT, an extract mixture from Radix Ginseng, Rhizoma Acor tatarinowii, Radix Polygalae and Radix Curcuma (containing ingredient of turmeric), etc. on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzyme in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.

Methods: Sixty three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group, donepezil group [0.

Isolation and functional characterization of a circadian-regulated CONSTANS homolog (GbCO) from Ginkgo biloba.

This is the first report to clone and functionally characterize a flowering time gene GbCO in perennial gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba. GbCO complements the co mutant of Arabidopsis, restoring normal early flowering. CONSTANS (CO) is a central regulator of photoperiod pathway, which channels inputs from light, day length, and circadian clock to promote the floral transition.

Concentration, risk assessment, and source identification of heavy metals in surface sediments in Yinghai: A shellfish cultivation zone in Jiaozhou Bay, China.

To identify the affection of shellfish cultivation on sediment conditions in Yinghai shellfish cultivation zone in Jiaozhou Bay, the concentration, sources, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals was identified. Results show the range of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, As and Mn are 10.15-29.

Iodine-131 therapy alters the immune/inflammatory responses in the thyroids of patients with Graves' disease.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXC chemokine ligand-10 (CXCL-10) and intercellular adhesion molecule-l (ICAM-1) in patients with Graves' disease (GD) following iodine-131 (I) therapy. A total of 30 patients with GD participated in the present study. Serum cytokine levels were measured with ELISA, and correlation analyses were performed.

Reduction of Ammineruthenium(III) by Sulfide Enables In Vivo Electrochemical Monitoring of Free Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide.

The discovery of endogenous sulfide in mammalian brain opens up a door to understanding of the physiological function of hydrogen sulfide (HS). The transformation of different forms of sulfide (i.e.

Triphenylamine-Based Push-Pull Molecule for Photovoltaic Applications: From Synthesis to Ultrafast Device Photophysics.

Small push-pull molecules attract much attention as prospective donor materials for organic solar cells (OSCs). By chemical engineering, it is possible to combine a number of attractive properties such as broad absorption, efficient charge separation, and vacuum and solution processabilities in a single molecule. Here we report the synthesis and early time photophysics of such a molecule, TPA-2T-DCV-Me, based on the triphenylamine (TPA) donor core and dicyanovinyl (DCV) acceptor end group connected by a thiophene bridge.

Chlorpromazine dose for people with schizophrenia.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) Model Lists of Essential Medicines lists chlorpromazine as one of its five medicines used in psychotic disorders.

Objectives: To determine chlorpromazine dose response and dose side-effect relationships for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses.

Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Study-Based Register of Trials (December 2008; 2 October 2014; 19 December 2016).

DJ-1 maintains energy and glucose homeostasis by regulating the function of brown adipose tissue.

DJ-1 protein is involved in multiple physiological processes, including Parkinson's disease. However, the role of DJ-1 in the metabolism is largely unknown. Here we found that DJ-1 maintained energy balance and glucose homeostasisvia regulating brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity.