Pincer-Type Pt(II)-NHC Antibody-Drug Conjugate for HER-2-Targeted Chemoimmunotherapy.

Platinum-based chemotherapy drugs play an indispensable role in clinical cancer treatment, but exhibit considerable side effects due to their non-specific mechanism of killing cancer cells and normal cells. In this regard, the use of antibodies conjugated to anti-cancer platinum complexes will enable better differentiation of cancer cells from normal cells. Here, six pincer-platinum(II) NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes are reported, one of which has an amino group on the N-alkyl group of the NHC ligand.

Copper-Based Nanozymes: Potential Therapies for Infectious Wounds.

Bacterial infections are a significant obstacle to the healing of acute and chronic wounds, such as diabetic ulcers and burn injuries. Traditional antibiotics are the primary treatment for bacterial infections, but they present issues such as antibiotic resistance, limited efficacy, and potential side effects. This challenge leads to the exploration of nanozymes as alternative therapeutic agents.

Exosomes of different cellular origins: prospects and challenges in the treatment of acute lung injury after burns.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical clinical disease caused by direct factors (inhalation injury, gastroesophageal reflux, ) or indirect factors (including infection, sepsis, burn, shock, trauma, acute pancreatitis, fat embolism, drug overdose, ). ALI is characterized mainly by diffuse interstitial and alveolar edema caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response and damage to the alveoli-capillary barrier and has very high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy other than mechanical ventilation, fluid management or other supportive treatments.

DV-DETR: Improved UAV Aerial Small Target Detection Algorithm Based on RT-DETR.

For drone-based detection tasks, accurately identifying small-scale targets like people, bicycles, and pedestrians remains a key challenge. In this paper, we propose DV-DETR, an improved detection model based on the Real-Time Detection Transformer (RT-DETR), specifically optimized for small target detection in high-density scenes. To achieve this, we introduce three main enhancements: (1) ResNet18 as the backbone network to improve feature extraction and reduce model complexity; (2) the integration of recalibration attention units and deformable attention mechanisms in the neck network to enhance multi-scale feature fusion and improve localization accuracy; and (3) the use of the Focaler-IoU loss function to better handle the imbalanced distribution of target scales and focus on challenging samples.

Stent-graft implantation for late postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Purpose: Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening complication after pancreatoduodenectomy. Stent-graft implantation is an emerging treatment option for PPH. This study reports the outcome of PPH treated with stent-graft implantation.

KBMeasure: small sample in-situ damage automatic measurement method based on the combination of keypoints detection and binocular 3D reconstruction for aero-engine blades.

Size is one of the important bases for the level assessment of aero-engine blade damage and the disposal method selection for damaged blades. Therefore, research on in-situ damage measurement of aero-engine blades is conducted in this paper. We break the inherent pipeline of "3D reconstruction and manual annotation of keypoints" in traditional damage measurement methods, and propose an in-situ damage automatic measurement method (KBMeasure) based on the combination of damage keypoints intelligent detection and binocular 3D reconstruction.

CuCoO Nanoflowers with Multiple Enzyme Activities for Treating Bacterium-Infected Wounds via Cuproptosis-like Death.

Nanozyme-driven catalytic therapy provides a promising treatment strategy for bacterial biofilm-infected wounds. However, the single functionality and limited catalytic efficiency of nanozyme-based materials often restrict the effectiveness of wound infection treatment. In this study, CuCoO nanoflowers with multiple enzymatic activities were prepared for antibacterial/antibiofilm treatment by cuproptosis-like death.

Cerebral F-FDG PET/CT Metabolism as Diagnostic Signature for Central Nervous System Toxicity After Immune Checkpoint Blockade Cancer Treatment.

Our aim was to investigate probable biomarkers specific to immune-related central nervous system toxicity (CNST) in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by analysis of F-FDG PET/CT images. Cancer patients receiving ICI treatment were enrolled in a multicenter observational study that analyzed regional metabolic changes before and during CNST onset from January 2020 to February 2022. In 1:1 propensity score-matched pairs, the regional SUV of each bilateral brain lobe of CNST patients (CNST+) was compared with that of patients who had central nervous system infections (CNSIs) and patients without CNST or CNSI (CNST-).

Hierarchical superstructure aerogels for biofluid metabolomics.

High-throughput biofluid metabolomics analysis for screening life-threatening diseases is urgently needed. However, the high salt content of biofluid samples, which introduces severe interference, can greatly limit the analysis throughput. Here, a new 3-D interconnected hierarchical superstructure, namely a "plasmonic gold-on-silica (Au/SiO) double-layered aerogel", integrating distinctive features of an upper plasmonic gold aerogel with a lower inert silica aerogel was successfully developed to achieve separation and storage of inorganic salts in the silica aerogel, parallel enrichment of metabolites on the surface of the functionalized gold aerogel, and direct desorption/ionization of enriched metabolites by the photo-excited gold aerogel for rapid, sensitive, and comprehensive metabolomics analysis of human serum/urine samples.

Efficacy of the induced pluripotent stem cell derived and engineered CD276-targeted CAR-NK cells against human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cells have been found to be successful in treating hematologic malignancies and present potential for usage in solid tumors.

Methods: In this study, we created CD276-targeted CAR-expressing NK cells from pluripotent stem cells (iPSC CD276-targeted CAR-NK cells) and evaluated their cytotoxicity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using patient-specific organoid (PSO) models comprising of both CD276-positive and CD276-negative adjacent epithelium PSO models (normal control PSO, NC PSO) as well as primary culture of ESCC cell models. In addition, and models such as KYSE-150 were also examined.

Depletion of lamins B1 and B2 promotes chromatin mobility and induces differential gene expression by a mesoscale-motion-dependent mechanism.

Background: B-type lamins are critical nuclear envelope proteins that interact with the three-dimensional genomic architecture. However, identifying the direct roles of B-lamins on dynamic genome organization has been challenging as their joint depletion severely impacts cell viability. To overcome this, we engineered mammalian cells to rapidly and completely degrade endogenous B-type lamins using Auxin-inducible degron technology.

One month follow-up of carotid endarterectomy with in-hospital preoperative aspirin monotherapy and postoperative dual antiplatelet therapy in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients: A multi-center study.

Background: There is currently no consensus regarding the optimal perioperative antiplatelet strategy for carotid artery surgery. This multicentre study aimed to analyse the association between preoperative aspirin monotherapy following postoperative dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and the risk for stroke and death after carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Methods: This cohort study included 821 patients with carotid artery stenosis who underwent CEA.

Rapid on-site evaluation improves diagnostic performance of fine-needle aspiration cytology for salivary lesions: Comparison of data from two cancer centers in southern China.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) in two southern China tertiary cancer centers and investigate the impact of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) on FNAC performance.

Materials And Methods: Five hundred and forty-nine patients who underwent FNAC for salivary lesions with surgical follow-up from two centers were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. All slides were recategorized using MSRSGC after consensus on diagnostic criteria for each category.

High-Precision DOA Estimation Based on Synthetic Aperture and Sparse Reconstruction.

The direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is predominantly influenced by the antenna's aperture size. However, space constraints on flight platforms often necessitate the use of antennas with smaller apertures and fewer array elements. This inevitably imposes limitations on the DOA estimation's resolution and degrees of freedom.

Bibliometric analysis of monoclonal antibodies for atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease that greatly increases mortality in the aging population and imposes a heavy burden on global healthcare systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the research structure and current trends of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against AS from a bibliometric perspective, since the development of these drugs is currently booming. This study collected articles and reviews on mAbs against AS from the Web of Science Core Collection, spanning from 2003 to 2022.

Methylation of promoter induced by SNAI2-DNMT3B complex promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and correlates with poor prognosis in ERα-positive breast cancers.

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) serves as an essential therapeutic predictor for breast cancer (BC) patients and is regulated by epigenetic modification. Abnormal methylation of cytosine phosphoric acid guanine islands in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene promoter could silence or decrease ERα expression. In ERα-negative BC, we previously found snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2), a zinc-finger transcriptional factor, recruited lysine-specific demethylase 1 to the promoter to transcriptionally suppress ERα expression by demethylating histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation (H3K4me2).

Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability.

Plaque vulnerability has been the subject of several recent studies aimed at reducing the risk of stroke and carotid artery stenosis. Atherosclerotic plaque development is a complex process involving inflammation mediated by macrophages. Plaques become more vulnerable when the equilibrium between macrophage recruitment and clearance is disturbed.

Graph MADDPG with RNN for multiagent cooperative environment.

Multiagent systems face numerous challenges due to environmental uncertainty, with scalability being a critical issue. To address this, we propose a novel multi-agent cooperative model based on a graph attention network. Our approach considers the relationship between agents and continuous action spaces, utilizing graph convolution and recurrent neural networks to define these relationships.

Depletion of lamins B1 and B2 alters chromatin mobility and induces differential gene expression by a mesoscale-motion dependent mechanism.

Background: B-type lamins are critical nuclear envelope proteins that interact with the 3D genomic architecture. However, identifying the direct roles of B-lamins on dynamic genome organization has been challenging as their joint depletion severely impacts cell viability. To overcome this, we engineered mammalian cells to rapidly and completely degrade endogenous B-type lamins using Auxin-inducible degron (AID) technology.

Reducedhumoral response against variants of concern in childhood solid cancer patients compared to adult patients and healthy children after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Introduction: Although there is extended research on the response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in adult cancer patients (ACP), the immunogenicity to the variants of concern (VOCs) in childhood cancer patients (CCP) and safety profiles are now little known.

Methods: A prospective, multi-center cohort study was performed by recruiting children with a solid cancer diagnosis and childhood healthy control (CHC) to receive standard two-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. An independent ACP group was included to match CCP in treatment history.

Cognitive adverse events in patients with lung cancer treated with checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive decline is a serious problem in long-term survival but no pivotal study has investigated whether checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may be associated with cognitive adverse events.

Methods: This propensity score-matched analysis recruited non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients prescribed with or without ICI monotherapy from three Chinese tertiary hospitals. Patients were excluded from study who developed brain metastasis or had disorders severely affecting cognitive abilities.

Thyroid function and associated mood changes after COVID-19 vaccines in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Context: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) vaccines may incur changes in thyroid functions followed by mood changes, and patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) were suggested to bear a higher risk.

Objectives: We primarily aim to find whether COVID-19 vaccination could induce potential subsequent thyroid function and mood changes. The secondary aim was to find inflammatory biomarkers associated with risk.

Retrospective, multicenter study of surgical treatment for carotid body tumors with or without preoperative embolization.

Background: Carotid body tumor (CBT) is the most common head and neck paraganglioma. Whether preoperative embolization benefits CBT patients who will receive surgical resection is still controversial.

Methods: In this multi-center retrospective study, we collected data from patients with CBT who received surgical treatment without (group A) or with preoperative embolization (group B) from 2011 to 2019.