Machine Learning-based Cluster Analysis Identifies Three Unique Phenotypes of Patients With Adult Spinal Deformity With Distinct Clinical Profiles and Long-term Recovery Trajectory: A Development Study.

Study Design: A retrospective review of a prospective adult spinal deformity data.

Objective: To identify distinct patient clinical profiles and recovery trajectories in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Summary Of Background Data: Patients with ASD exhibit a diverse array of symptoms and significant heterogeneity in clinical presentations, posing challenges to precise clinical decision-making.

Impact of Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography on staging and tumor management in patients with gastric cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the added value of additional Ga-FAPI PET/CT following CT for primary staging, detection of postoperative recurrence, and management of gastric cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included patients with gastric cancers who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (ceCT), followed by Ga-FAPI PET/CT within 30 days. Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed for initial staging or detection of postoperative recurrence.

High-sensitivity, high-speed, broadband mid-infrared photodetector enabled by a van der Waals heterostructure with a vertical transport channel.

The realization of room-temperature-operated, high-performance, miniaturized, low-power-consumption and Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible mid-infrared photodetectors is highly desirable for next-generation optoelectronic applications, but has thus far remained an outstanding challenge using conventional materials. Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures provide an alternative path toward this goal, yet despite continued efforts, their performance has not matched that of low-temperature HgCdTe photodetectors. Here, we push the detectivity and response speed of a 2D heterostructure-based mid-infrared photodetector to be comparable to, and even superior to, commercial cooled HgCdTe photodetectors by utilizing a vertical transport channel (graphene/black phosphorus/molybdenum disulfide/graphene).

Restoring Autophagy by Exercise Ameliorates Insulin Resistance Partly via Calcineurin-Driven TFEB Nuclear Translocation.

Exercise activates autophagy and lysosome system in skeletal muscle, which are known to play an important role in metabolic adaptation. However, the mechanism of exercise-activated autophagy and lysosome system in obese insulin resistance remains covert. In this study, we investigated the role of exercise-induced activation of autophagy and lysosome system in improving glucose metabolism of skeletal muscle.

Nonlinear effects of resource allocation delay on epidemic spreading in complex networks.

The impact of resource allocation on the dynamics of epidemic spreading is an important topic. In real-life scenarios, individuals usually prioritize their own safety, and this self-protection consciousness will lead to delays in resource allocation. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the impact of resource allocation delay on epidemic spreading.

Advancing the timing of drainage removal: a comprehensive analysis of different drainage removal criteria in patients undergoing short-level lumbar fusion surgery.

Objective: To specifically evaluate the safety and benefit of different drainage removal criteria (50 ml and 100 ml per 24 h) in patients undergoing short-level lumbar fusion surgery.

Methods: Patients with degenerative lumbar diseases who underwent short level lumbar fusion with instrumentation between January 2021 and January 2023 were retrospectively recruited in the study. Based on the different criteria for drainage removal, the patients were divided into 2 groups (group A and group B).

Two-stage surgery with oblique lateral interbody fusion and posterior fixation in degenerative scoliosis with lumbosacral curve-driven degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a feasible option to prevent postoperative coronal decompensation.

Objective: This study aims to introduce a two-stage surgical procedure, namely oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF), for spinal disorders treatment. Furthermore, clinical outcomes and imaging results are analyzed between OLIF with posterior fixation and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with fixation for lumbosacral curve-driven degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).

Methods: 146 patients with type 2 DLS who underwent OLIF or PLIF between January 2019 and November 2023 were included.

Bone morphogenetic proteins, DNA methylation, and gut microbiota interaction in lumbar disc degeneration: A multi-omics Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a ubiquitous finding in low back pain. Many different etiology factors may explain the LDD process, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), DNA methylation, and gut microbiota. Until recently the mechanisms underlying the LDD process have been elusive.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the unfavorable outcomes in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery for degenerative disease.

Objective: Failure to understand long-term quality of life and functional outcomes hinders effective decision making and prognostication. Therefore, the study aims to predict and analyse the unfavorable outcomes (FOs) in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery.

Methods: Consecutive 382 patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative disease from March 2019 to July 2022 were enrolled in this study.

Boson-Peak-Like Anomaly Induced by Dipole Disordered States in (CH_{3}NH_{3})_{4}InCl_{7}.

Boson peaks are observed in glassy materials due to atom, spin, and strain disordered states that provide additional vibration modes at low temperatures. However, Boson peaks have not been observed in pure dipole disordered systems without structural disorder. Here, we report the observation of a Boson-peak-like hump in specific heat near 7 K in organic-inorganic hybrid crystal MA_{4}InCl_{7}(MA=CH_{3}NH_{3}).

How Reliable is the Assessment of Fusion Status Following ACDF Using Dynamic Flexion-Extension Radiographs?

Study Design: Reliability study.

Objectives: The radiographic diagnosis of non-union is not standardized. Prior authors have suggested using a cutoff of <1 mm interspinous process motion (ISPM) on flexion-extension radiographs, but the ability of practicing surgeons to make these measurements reliably is not clear.

Noncoding RNA, friend or foe for nephrolithiasis?

Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in urology, characterized by notable incidence and recurrence rates, leading to significant morbidity and financial burden. Despite its prevalence, the precise mechanisms underlying stone formation remain incompletely understood, thus hindering significant advancements in kidney stone management over the past three decades. Investigating the pivotal biological molecules that govern stone formation has consistently been a challenging and high-priority task.

[Coupling Relationship and Interactive Response between Pollution Control and Carbon Emission Reduction and High-quality Economic Development in China's Urban Agglomerations].

The coordinated development of the carbon neutral peak target and dual cycle strategy is an important link to realize the transformation of ecological green and low carbon and also an important carrier of high-quality economic development. Based on the inherent requirements of the synergistic effect of pollution control and carbon emission reduction and high-quality economic development, the coupling mechanism of pollution control and carbon emission reduction and high-quality economic development was discussed. Taking the three major urban agglomerations in China as examples, the comprehensive index system of the synergistic effect of pollution control and carbon emission reduction and high-quality economic development were constructed, respectively.

Insights into the plant response to nematode invasion and modulation of host defense by plant parasitic nematode.

Plant pathogens cause diseases by suppressing plant immune response and interacting with plant cells. Investigating these interactions assists in decoding the molecular strategies the pathogen uses to overcome plant immunity. Among plant pathogens, the nematodes parasitizing various plants incur a profound impact on food production across the globe.

Mechanistic insights into activation of peracetic acid by sludge biogas residue biochar for efficient sulfamethoxazole degradation in aqueous solution.

The application of peracetic acid (PAA) in the advanced oxidation process has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for treating aqueous organic pollutants. In this study, it is the first time that biogas residue biochar (BRBC) derived from sludge anaerobic digestion plants was prepared and used as a PAA activator for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation. The optimal SMX removal could achieve 92 % within 120 min under acidic conditions.

Magnetic Field/Ultrasound-Responsive FeO Microbubbles for Targeted Mechanical/Catalytic Removal of Bacterial Biofilms.

Conventional antibiotics are limited by drug resistance, poor penetration, and inadequate targeting in the treatment of bacterial biofilm-associated infections. Microbubble-based ultrasound (US)-responsive drug delivery systems can disrupt biofilm structures and enhance antibiotic penetration through cavitation effects. However, currently developed US-responsive microbubbles still depend on antibiotics and lack targeting capability.

Bimetallic organic framework derived Co-MoN/MoC catalyst for HER/OER bifunctional electrocatalytic reaction.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used as precursors due to their tunable morphology and high specific surface area. Molybdenum nitride (MoN) and molybdenum carbide (MoC) are promising catalyst materials with electronic structures similar to the noble metal platinum. However, the preparation and modification of the composite systems comprising MoN and MoC are complex, often leading to significant agglomeration and limiting their application in various catalytic fields.

3D scattering-enabled vectorial holographic projection with a binary amplitude hologram.

Empowered by wavefront shaping (WFS) techniques, scattering materials (SMs) hold significant potential in high-capacity, high-fidelity, and crosstalk-free 3D holographic projections. Here, we present an optimal accumulation algorithm (OAA) to generate binary amplitude holograms that enable simultaneous control of 3D intensity and polarization distributions through SMs. In particular, OAA is efficient for creating binary holograms since only addition and comparison operations are required.

Empagliflozin reduces renal calcium oxalate deposition in hyperoxaluria rats induced with ethylene glycol-ammonium chloride.

A retrospective study reported that empagliflozin reduced the risk of urinary stone events in patients with diabetes mellitus. To further investigate empagliflozin's potential, we conducted an animal experiment to determine whether empagliflozin can prevent renal stone formation in hyperoxaluria rats. Hyperoxaluria rat models were constructed by administrating 0.

"Dictionary of immune responses" reveals the critical role of monocytes and the core target IRF7 in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is widely regarded as the primary contributor to low back pain(LBP). As an immune-privileged organ, upon the onset of IDD, various components of the nucleus pulposus (NP) are exposed to the host's immune system, accumulating cytokines. Cytokines facilitate intercellular communication within the immune system, induce immune cells polarisation, and exacerbate oxidative stress in IDD.

Harnessing Physical Entropy Noise in Structurally Metastable 1T' Molybdenum Ditelluride for True Random Number Generation.

True random numbers are crucial for various research and engineering problems. Their generation depends upon a robust physical entropy noise. Here, we present true random number generation from the conductance noise probed in structurally metastable 1T' molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe).

The shoulder microbiome: a systematic review and meta analysis.

Background: The shoulder microbiome is an emerging field in orthopedic research. Large synovial joints which were typically considered to be sterile now have strong evidence demonstrating the presence of native organisms colonizing the joint. Many of the conditions that surgeons see and treat in the shoulder, including osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tears, and adhesive capsulitis, have unclear etiology.