Proximity based proteomics reveals Git1 as a regulator of Smoothened signaling.

The GPCR-like protein Smoothened (Smo) plays a pivotal role in the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. To initiate Hh signaling, active Smo binds to and inhibits the catalytic subunit of PKA in the primary cilium, a process facilitated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (Grk2). However, the precise regulatory mechanisms underlying this process, as well as the events preceding and following Smo activation, remain poorly understood.

Classical cell cycle kinase limits tubulin polyglutamylation and cilium stability.

Tubulin polyglutamylation is essential for maintaining cilium stability and function, and defective tubulin polyglutamylation is associated with ciliopathies. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying proper axonemal polyglutamylation remains unclear. He et al.

Identification of cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes and prognostic model development in breast cancer: role of the RUNX1/SDC1 axis in promoting invasion and metastasis.

In this study, we identified cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) molecular subtypes and developed a CAF-based prognostic model for breast cancer (BRCA). The heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and their significant involvement in the advancement of BRCA were discovered employing single-cell RNA sequencing. Notably, we discovered that the RUNX1/SDC1 axis enhances BRCA cell invasion and metastasis.

Tools for regulating metabolic diseases: extracellular vesicles from adipose macrophages.

Metabolic diseases have gradually become one of the most significant global medical burdens. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, along with their complications, are clinically categorized as metabolic diseases. Long-term oral medication significantly reduces patient compliance and quality of life.

Spatial microenvironment enhanced photocatalytic reduction of uranyl ions under solar light irradiation.

Photocatalytic reduction of uranyl ions (UO) is an environmentally friendly, energy efficient, and highly effective method for uranium-containing wastewater treatment and uranium recovery. Herein, a novel photocatalytic material CH-8 @NNFO-4 with abundant oxygen vacancies was synthesize by growing Ca(OH) on the surface of Fe doped NaNbO in situ. The Ca(OH) synergizes with the oxygen vacancies, creating a microenvironment that narrows the bandgap and extends the light response range.

The Predictive Value of Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio for Predicting Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Kawasaki Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Predicting resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) remains a focus of research. Fibrinogen and albumin in systemic inflammation play an important role. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) for initial IVIG resistance in patients with KD.

Sclerothrapy of giant lymphatic malformation in neonates.

Objective: To analyze the sclerotherapy of giant (≥8 mm) lymphatic malformations in neonates and discuss effective treatment.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study. Twelve patients received bleomycin (BLM) (six patients) or BLM combined with polidocanol (POL) (eight patients).

Case report: Additional variants induced sudden cardiac death among pediatric ACM with homozygous mutant genotype: a report of three cases.

Background: Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins are the leading cause of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). The majority of the inherited ACM cases demonstrate autosomal dominant genotype. Several cases with the homozygous c.

Predictive value of coagulation profiles for Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is characterized as an acute febrile inflammatory disorder, which may potentially escalate into a more severe condition termed Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS). The objective of this research is to understand the clinical attributes of KDSS and to explore the predictive significance of coagulation profiles in the incidence of KDSS.

Method: Patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were prospectively enrolled and divided into the KDSS group ( = 29) and the non-KDSS group ( = 494).

A narrative review of the measurement methods for biomechanical properties of plantar soft tissue in patients with diabetic foot.

This article provides an overview of the development history and advantages and disadvantages of measurement methods for soft tissue properties of the plantar foot. The measurement of soft tissue properties is essential for understanding the biomechanical characteristics and function of the foot, as well as for designing and evaluating orthotic devices and footwear. Various methods have been developed to measure the properties of plantar soft tissues, including ultrasound imaging, indentation testing, magnetic resonance elastography, and shear wave elastography.

Prenatal risk assessment of Xp21.1 duplication involving the gene by optical genome mapping.

Structural variants (SVs) of unknown significance are great challenges for prenatal risk assessment, especially when involving dose-sensitive genes such as The pathogenicities of 5'-terminal duplications in the database remain controversial. Four prenatal cases with Xp21.1 duplications were identified by routine prenatal genomic testing, encompassing the 5'-UTR to exons 1-2 in family 1 and family 2, and to exons 1-9 in family 3.

Study on Dynamic Liquid-Carrying Process of Foaming Agent and Establishment of Mathematical Model.

The efficiency of foam drainage gas recovery is predominantly dictated by the performance of the foaming agent. To better understand their behavior, a novel testing apparatus was developed to simulate the foam drainage gas recovery process within the wellbore. Through the dynamic liquid-carrying performance tests of four foaming agents under uniform conditions, it was discerned that there existed significant disparities in the liquid-carrying performance and action duration.

Treatment of recurrent trigeminal neuralgia after microvascular decompression: How to select.

Background: This study aimed to investigate individualized treatment strategies and clinical outcomes in patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia after undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD).

Methods: One hundred forty-four patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia after MVD were retrospectively examined and grouped according to treatment. Surgical efficacy and pain recurrence were analyzed as outcomes.

Case Report: unexpected cause of cyanosis in an infant after acute exposure to high altitude-severe tricuspid regurgitation secondary to tricuspid valve prolapse.

Background: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) causing cyanosis with patent foramen ovale (PFO) and right-to-left atrial shunting requires a precise diagnosis for optimal therapy. Tricuspid valve prolapse (TVP) can lead to TR and is sometimes overlooked, especially in complex cases with factors like pulmonary hypertension (PH). We present an infant with cyanosis and profound TR after high-altitude exposure, initially misattributed to PH but found to be primarily due to spontaneous chordae tendineae rupture and TVP.

Unlocking the Medicinal Potential of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: current Progress and Future Perspectives.

Botanical preparations for herbal medicine have received more and more attention from drug researchers, and the extraction of active ingredients and their successful clinical application have become an important direction of drug research in major pharmaceutical companies, but the complexity of extracts, multiple side effects, and significant individual differences have brought many difficulties to the clinical application of herbal preparations. It is noteworthy that extracellular vesicles as active biomolecules extracted from medicinal plants are believed to be useful for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammation, regenerative-restorative and degenerative diseases, which may provide a new direction for the clinical utilization of herbal preparations. In this review, we sort out recent advances in medicinal plant extracellular vesicles and discuss their potential as disease therapeutics.

Numb positively regulates Hedgehog signaling at the ciliary pocket.

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling relies on the primary cilium, a cell surface organelle that serves as a signaling hub for the cell. Using proximity labeling and quantitative proteomics, we identify Numb as a ciliary protein that positively regulates Hh signaling. Numb localizes to the ciliary pocket and acts as an endocytic adaptor to incorporate Ptch1 into clathrin-coated vesicles, thereby promoting Ptch1 exit from the cilium, a key step in Hh signaling activation.

Combination of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and conventional tests unraveled pathogen profiles in infected patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Jilin Province of China.

Background: Infection is the main cause of death for patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, pathogen profiles still have not been reported in detail due to their heterogeneity caused by geographic region.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and summarize regional pathogen profiles of infected patients after HSCT.

Treatment Options for Distal Rectal Cancer in the Era of Organ Preservation.

The introduction of total mesorectal excision into the radical surgery of rectal cancer has significantly improved the oncological outcome with longer survival and lower local recurrence. Traditional treatment modalities of distal rectal cancer, relying on radical surgery, while effective, take their own set of risks, including surgical complications, potential damage to the anus, and surrounding structure owing to the pursuit of thorough resection. The progress of operating methods as well as the integration of systemic therapies and radiotherapy into the peri-operative period, particularly the exciting clinical complete response of patients after neoadjuvant treatment, have paved the way for organ preservation strategy.