Microglia depletion reduces neurodegeneration and remodels extracellular matrix in a mouse Parkinson's disease model triggered by α-synuclein overexpression.

Chronic neuroinflammation with sustained microglial activation occurs in Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the mechanisms and exact contribution of these cells to the neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. In this study, we induced progressive dopaminergic neuron loss in mice via rAAV-hSYN injection to cause the neuronal expression of α-synuclein, which produced neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations. We administered PLX5622, a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor, for 3 weeks prior to rAAV-hSYN injection, maintaining it for 8 weeks to eliminate microglia.

Tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses is mediated by interacting CNGC proteins that regulate Ca influx and stomatal movement in rice.

Members of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) proteins are reportedly involved in a variety of biotic and abiotic responses and stomatal movement. However, it is unknown if and how a single member could regulate multiple responses. Here we characterized three closely related CNGC genes in rice, OsCNGC14, OsCNGC15 and OsCNGC16, to determine whether they function in multiple abiotic stresses.

Glycation modification of protein hydrolysate from channel catfish () viscera to mitigate undesirable flavor: Unraveling structure and flavor characteristics.

To investigate the impacts of glycation modification on the structure and flavor of fish viscera-derived protein hydrolysates, channel catfish viscera was utilized and hydrolyzed by Flavourzyme, followed by glycation with glucosamine, xylose, ribose and glucose, respectively. The structural characteristics, taste and odor of glycated products were evaluated. The results revealed that glycation led to an increase in peptides (<1 kDa) and a decrease in peptide fraction (>5 kDa).

Multi-parametric MRI-based machine learning model for prediction of pathological grade of renal injury in a rat kidney cold ischemia-reperfusion injury model.

Background: Renal cold ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), a pathological process during kidney transplantation, may result in delayed graft function and negatively impact graft survival and function. There is a lack of an accurate and non-invasive tool for evaluating the degree of CIRI. Multi-parametric MRI has been widely used to detect and evaluate kidney injury.

Prenatal Exposure of PFAS in Cohorts of Pregnant Women: Identifying the Critical Windows of Vulnerability and Health Implications.

Cohorts of pregnant women in 2018 and 2020 were selected to explore prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Maternal serum during the whole pregnancy (first to third trimesters) and matched cord serum were collected for the analysis of 50 PFAS. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) were the dominant PFAS in both the maternal and cord serum.

Lymph node metastasis in early invasive lung adenocarcinoma: Prediction model establishment and validation based on genomic profiling and clinicopathologic characteristics.

Background: The presence of lymph node (LN) metastasis directly affects the treatment strategy for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been widely used in patients with advanced LUAD to identify targeted genes, while early detection of pathologic LN metastasis using NGS has not been assessed.

Methods: Clinicopathologic features and molecular characteristics of 224 patients from Ruijin Hospital were analyzed to detect factors associated with LN metastases.

DL-Serine Hydrazide Hydrochloride Multiple-site Synergy Induced Effective and Stable Formamidine-Rich Perovskite Solar Cells.

The efficiency and stability of solar cells are two key indicators that determine for the commercial feasibility of photovoltaic devices. Formamidine-cesium perovskite has been extensively investigated since its excellent thermal stability and has great potential in achieving high power conversion efficiency. However, during the aging process, especially under light conditions, formamidine-rich perovskites are prone to produce iodine, and the escape of iodine is one of the important factors leading to device degradation.

Longitudinal Cervical Length Measurements and Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Singleton and Twin Pregnancies.

Importance: Changes in cervical length in twin pregnancies exhibit various patterns, but it is unclear whether the mechanism underlying spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is consistent. The existence of detailed phenomena in singleton pregnancies is also unclear.

Objectives: To explore the different patterns in cervical length trajectories in singleton and twin pregnancies and to analyze whether the immunological mechanisms of sPTB are consistent among these cervical length patterns.

Rapid electrodeposition of Cu nanoparticle film on Ni foam as an integrated 3D free-standing electrode for non-invasive and non-enzymatic creatinine sensing.

High cost, inherent destabilization, and intricate fixing of enzyme molecules are the main drawbacks of enzyme-based creatinine sensors. The design of a low-cost, stabilizable, and enzyme-free creatinine sensing probe is essential to address these limitations. In this work, an integrated three-dimensional (3D) free-standing electrode was designed to serve as a non-enzymatic creatinine sensing platform and was fabricated by rapid electrodeposition of a dense copper nanoparticle film on nickel foam (Cu NP film/NF).

Genetic insights into the 'sandwich fusion' subtype of Klippel-Feil syndrome: novel FGFR2 mutations identified by 21 cases of whole-exome sequencing.

Background: Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae during early prenatal development. This fusion results from a failure of segmentation during the first trimester. Although six genes have previously been associated with KFS, they account for only a small proportion of cases.

Serum lipid reference values recommended during a twin pregnancy and evaluating its association with perinatal outcomes.

Background: Maternal lipid metabolism fluctuations have been shown to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, there is no consensus over what constitutes normal maternal lipid values during twin pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a serum lipid reference range for a twin pregnancy.

Relationship between one-carbon metabolism and fetal growth in twins: A cohort study.

We investigated the associations of one-carbon metabolism (OCM)-related metabolites, including choline, betaine, dimethylglycine (DMG), and methionine with fetal growth of twins. This hospital-based cohort study included dichorionic twin gestations. Blood samples were collected at a median of 14.

An MRI-Based Radiomics Nomogram for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Vertebral Compression Fracture.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics nomogram combining radiomics signatures and clinical factors to differentiate between benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures (VCFs).

Materials And Methods: A total of 189 patients with benign VCFs (n = 112) or malignant VCFs (n = 77) were divided into training (n = 133) and validation (n = 56) cohorts. Radiomics features were extracted from MRI T1-weighted images and short-TI inversion recovery images to develop the radiomics signature, and the Rad score was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression.

Reduced-visit antenatal care model combined with telemedicine for low-risk pregnant women: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) is a critical measure to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, there are issues of too many visits and cumbersome procedures of ANC in many maternity hospitals of China. In the past 2 years, reduced-visit ANC models combined with remote monitoring have been recommended and implemented at most hospitals in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Numerical Simulation on Preparing Uniform and Stable Perovskite Wet Film in Slot-Die Coating Process.

Slot-die coating is regarded as a reliable and potential technology for preparing large-area perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and low cost. Therein, the formation of continuous and uniform wet film is of significance to obtain a high-quality solid perovskite film. In this work, the rheological properties of the perovskite precursor fluid are analyzed.

Comparison of the 2009 Institute of Medicine and 2021 Chinese guidelines for gestational weight gain: A retrospective population-based cohort study.

Objective: To analyze the associations between gestational weight gain (GWG) and perinatal outcomes based on the GWG guidelines of the Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM).

Methods: This was a retrospective study with 9075 low-risk singleton pregnant women. Logistic regression model was used to analyze associations between GWG categories and perinatal outcomes.

Gestational Vitamin E Status and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To examine the association between vitamin E (VE) status and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using data of 52,791 women at 137 hospitals across 22 provinces of China. A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of ≥5.

Variation Patterns of Hemoglobin Levels by Gestational Age during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study in China.

Background: Pregnancy anemia is a global health concern. However, to our knowledge, there still has little consensus on the reference value of hemoglobin levels. Particularly, little evidence from China was accessible in most existing guidelines.

An Evaluation of Exposure to 18 Toxic and/or Essential Trace Elements Exposure in Maternal and Cord Plasma during Pregnancy at Advanced Maternal Age.

Pregnant women of advanced maternal age (AMA) are vulnerable to exposure to the surrounding environment. Assessment of trace elements in pregnant women living in specific areas is important for biomonitoring. However, exposure levels and variation patterns during pregnancy remains controversial and attracts extensive public concern.

Risk of preeclampsia by gestational weight gain in women with varied prepregnancy BMI: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Despite the important clinical significance, limited data on the joint contribution of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) to preeclampsia, the second leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the risk of preeclampsia by GWG among women with varied prepregnancy BMI.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data of 117 738 singleton pregnant women aged 18-49 years from 150 maternity hospitals in China between 2015 and 2018.

The role and mechanism of tryptophan - kynurenine metabolic pathway in depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, normally accompanied with cognitive impairment. Due to its rising incidence and high rate of recurrence and disability, MDD poses a substantial threat to patients' physical and mental health, as well as a significant economic cost to society. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of MDD are still unclear.

Nephro-protective effect of Daphnetin in hyperoxaluria-induced rat renal injury via alterations of the gut microbiota.

It is well proved that hyperoxaluria induces the renal injury and finally causes the end stage kidney disease. Daphnetin (coumarin derivative) already confirmed renal protective effect in renal model, but hyperoxaluria protective effect still unexplore. The objective of this research was to scrutinize the renal protective effect of daphnetin against ethylene glycol (GC)-induced hyperoxaluria via altering the gut microbiota.