Two-dimensional organometallic porous sheets with possible high-temperature ferromagnetism.

With the rapid development of modern nanotechnology, molecular self-assembly has become an important method to fabricate new functional devices, and to provide an arena for theoretical material designs. In this paper, we propose that freestanding two-dimensional organometallic porous sheets (PSs), which can be formed by molecular self-assembly on metal surfaces, are ideal low-dimensional magnetic materials with room-temperature ferromagnetism. Through comprehensive first-principles calculations, we show that the freestanding organometallic sheets, which are assembled by transition metals (TMs) (Mn and V) and benzene molecules, favor ferromagnetic coupling with strong exchange interactions.

Two-dimensional boron monolayer sheets.

Boron, a nearest-neighbor of carbon, is possibly the second element that can possess free-standing flat monolayer structures, evidenced by recent successful synthesis of single-walled and multiwalled boron nanotubes (MWBNTs). From an extensive structural search using the first-principles particle-swarm optimization (PSO) global algorithm, two boron monolayers (α(1)- and β(1)-sheet) are predicted to be the most stable α- and β-types of boron sheets, respectively. Both boron sheets possess greater cohesive energies than the state-of-the-art two-dimensional boron structures (by more than 60 meV/atom based on density functional theory calculation using PBE0 hybrid functional), that is, the α-sheet previously predicted by Tang and Ismail-Beigi and the g(1/8)- and g(2/15)-sheets (both belonging to the β-type) recently reported by Yakobson and co-workers.

Angiosarcoma of the penis: a case report and literature review.

We reported one case of penile angiosarcoma in a 49-year-old patient who had been misdiagnosed as syphilis. Based on our experience, we suggest that if sexually transmitted diseases and Peyronie's disease can be ruled out, diagnosis of the penile angiosarcoma be warranted if unexplained rash, ulceration on the penis, and induration in corpus cavernosum are observed. It should be noted that if the anti-inflammatory or anti-viral treatment is prescribed for some time but the lesion does not disappear or even gets worse, the penile angiosarcoma should be suspected and penile biopsy is necessary.

Telephone follow-up for patients returning home with colostomies: views and experiences of patients and enterostomal nurses.

Purpose: To explore the views of patients and enterostomal nurses regarding a telephone follow-up program for patients returning home with colostomies.

Methods And Sample: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven patients who accepted a telephone intervention and seven enterostomal nurses who conducted telephone follow-ups. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

The structural, electronic, and optical properties of ladder-type polyheterofluorenes: a theoretical study.

The ladder-type polyheterofluorenes were investigated theoretically by using density functional theory (DFT) to reveal their optical and electronic properties for applications in organic optoelectronic devices. The incorporation of heteroatoms (B, Si, Ge, N, P, O, and S) into the ladder-type highly fused polyfluorene backbone can influence and modify the optoelectronic properties significantly. The functionalization on the heteroatoms allows for facile derivation and incorporation of substitutes to further tune the properties.

Ex vivo localization and immunohistochemical detection of sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in patients with colorectal cancer can upgrade tumor staging.

Background: It is not clear if sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping can improve outcomes in patients with colorectal cancers. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic values of ex vivo sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of SLN micrometastasis in colorectal cancers.

Methods: Colorectal cancer specimens were obtained during radical resections and the SLN was identified by injecting a 1% isosulfan blue solution submucosally and circumferentially around the tumor within 30 min after surgery.

DFT functional benchmarking on the energy splitting of chromium spin states and mechanistic study of acetylene cyclotrimerization over the Phillips Cr(II)/silica catalyst.

In this work, a two-state reaction mechanism for the acetylene cyclotrimerization over a cluster model for the Phillips Cr(II)/silica catalyst were systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Since spin crossover phenomenon was confirmed in the catalytic cycle, an accurate prediction of the energy gap between low- and high-spin states is crucial for the description of a reaction involving a two-state reactivity. Therefore, a massive DFT functional benchmarking test has been conducted on the cluster model by taking a CASPT2 energy gap as a reference.

Upregulation of astrocytic leptin receptor in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

The detrimental role of leptin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is opposite to its neuroprotective role in other neuropathologies. We hypothesize that a shifted cellular distribution of leptin receptors underlies the differential effects of leptin. A robust increase of ObR immunoreactivity was seen along glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)(+) intermediate filaments in reactive astrocytes in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of mice with EAE.

Leptin action on nonneuronal cells in the CNS: potential clinical applications.

Leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine, crosses the blood-brain barrier to act on many regions of the central nervous system (CNS). It participates in the regulation of energy balance, inflammatory processes, immune regulation, synaptic formation, memory condensation, and neurotrophic activities. This review focuses on the newly identified actions of leptin on astrocytes.

Band-gap engineering via tailored line defects in boron-nitride nanoribbons, sheets, and nanotubes.

We perform a comprehensive study of the effects of line defects on electronic and magnetic properties of monolayer boron-nitride (BN) sheets, nanoribbons, and single-walled BN nanotubes using first-principles calculations and Born-Oppenheimer quantum molecular dynamic simulation. Although line defects divide the BN sheet (or nanotube) into domains, we show that certain line defects can lead to tailor-made edges on BN sheets (or imperfect nanotube) that can significantly reduce the band gap of the BN sheet or nanotube. In particular, we find that the line-defect-embedded zigzag BN nanoribbons (LD-zBNNRs) with chemically homogeneous edges such as B- or N-terminated edges can be realized by introducing a B(2), N(2), or C(2) pentagon-octagon-pentagon (5-8-5) line defect or through the creation of the antisite line defect.

Glycotope sharing between snail hemolymph and larval schistosomes: larval transformation products alter shared glycan patterns of plasma proteins.

Recent evidence supports the involvement of inducible, highly diverse lectin-like recognition molecules in snail hemocyte-mediated responses to larval Schistosoma mansoni. Because host lectins likely are involved in initial parasite recognition, we sought to identify specific carbohydrate structures (glycans) shared between larval S. mansoni and its host Biomphalaria glabrata to address possible mechanisms of immune avoidance through mimicry of elements associated with the host immunoreactivity.

Oxidation of a two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride monolayer: a first-principles study.

Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron-nitride oxide (h-BNO) is a structural analogue of graphene oxide. Motivated by recent experimental studies of graphene oxide, we have investigated the chemical oxidation of 2D h-BN sheet and the associated electronic properties of h-BNO. Particular emphasis has been placed on the most favorable site(s) for chemisorption of atomic oxygen, and on the migration barrier for an oxygen atom hopping to the top, bridge, or hollow site on the h-BN surface, as well as the most likely pathway for the dissociation of an oxygen molecule on the h-BN surface.

[Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 in tissue of colon carcinoma and its clinical prognostic significance].

Objective: To explore the expression patterns of matrix metalloproteinase1 (MMP-1) in colon carcinoma and evaluate its clinical significance.

Methods: The expression of MMP-1 was detected by SP immunohistochemical method. The tissue microarray samples of 620 colon carcinoma patients were collected and the clinical data reviewed.

Endothelial leptin receptor mutation provides partial resistance to diet-induced obesity.

Leptin, a polypeptide hormone produced mainly by adipocytes, has diverse effects in both the brain and peripheral organs, including suppression of feeding. Other than mediating leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier, the role of the endothelial leptin receptor remains unclear. We recently generated a mutant mouse strain lacking endothelial leptin receptor signaling, and showed that there is an increased uptake of leptin by brain parenchyma after its delivery by in situ brain perfusion.

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase transfection reduces apoptosis in human penile smooth muscle cells and slows down cellular aging.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common diseases in male urology that greatly affects the quality of life in senior people. Relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle is the key to penile erection.

Aim: To explore effects of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene transfection on biological behaviors of human penile smooth muscle cells.

[Evaluation on cost-effectiveness of snail control project by environmental modification in hilly regions].

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the snail control project by environmental modification in order to provide the evidence for quickly interrupting the transmission of schistosomiasis in hilly regions.

Methods: Field investigations were carried out. The changes of the snail habitat areas were compared before and after the snail control project.

A study of UbcH10 expression and its association with recurrence of meningiomas.

Background: UbcH10 is an important regulator for the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint pathway that regulates cell-cycle progression. Overexpression of UbcH10 significantly correlated with advanced tumor grade and high cell proliferation.

Methods: The expression of UbcH10 and Ki-67 in meningioma tissues were evaluated immunohistochemically in 47 patients with meningiomas.

[Surgical treatment and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor].

Objective: To investigate the outcome of surgical treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) and the associated factors.

Methods: A total of 277 patients with GIST underwent primary surgical treatment from January 1990 to February 2010 at the Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University. The clinical data were retrospectively reviewed and the pathological examination was reviewed.

A multivariate analysis of prognostic determinants for stages II and III colorectal cancer in 141 patients.

Background: Previous prognosis analyses of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with stage II and III disease were done as separate categories. The purpose of this study was to analyze prognostic factors associated with survival in a group of patients who underwent radical resection of stages II and III CRC.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for 141 consecutive stages II and III patients who had undergone radical resection of colorectal adenocarcinoma between May 2003 and November 2003.

Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization: analysis of individual particle behavior and parameter selection.

Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO), motivated by concepts from quantum mechanics and particle swarm optimization (PSO), is a probabilistic optimization algorithm belonging to the bare-bones PSO family. Although it has been shown to perform well in finding the optimal solutions for many optimization problems, there has so far been little analysis on how it works in detail. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the QPSO algorithm.

Predicting two-dimensional boron-carbon compounds by the global optimization method.

We adopt a global optimization method to predict two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures through the particle-swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. By performing PSO simulations, we predict new stable structures of 2D boron-carbon (B-C) compounds for a wide range of boron concentrations. Our calculations show that: (1) All 2D B-C compounds are metallic except for BC(3) which is a magic case where the isolation of carbon six-membered ring by boron atoms results in a semi-conducting behavior.

Site-selected doping in silicon nanowires by an external electric field.

The properties of dopant-related defects in silicon nanowires are key characteristics in semiconductive devices. Our first-principles calculations predicted that the preferred doping sites of B and P atoms in hydrogen-passivated silicon nanowires have opposite distribution behavior under electric field, suggesting a steady intrinsic p-n junction can be spontaneously formed in (B and P) codoped silicon nanowires.

Is there a role for fatty acid synthase in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma?: A comparison with AMACR.

Our aim was to compare the usefulness of fatty acid synthase (FASn) with that of α-methylacyl coenzyme-A racemase (AMACR) in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The expression of these 2 markers was compared in a tissue microarray containing 62 foci of benign glands and 36 foci of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Similar to AMACR, there was significantly higher FASn expression in adenocarcinoma compared with that in benign glands.

Aggregate of nanoparticles: rheological and mechanical properties.

The understanding of the rheological and mechanical properties of nanoparticle aggregates is important for the application of nanofillers in nanocompoistes. In this work, we report a rheological study on the rheological and mechanical properties of nano-silica agglomerates in the form of gel network mainly constructed by hydrogen bonds. The elastic model for rubber is modified to analyze the elastic behavior of the agglomerates.