Association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and microalbuminuria in the Chinese population.

The evidence for the association between the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio and the risk of developing microalbuminuria is still limited in the Chinese population. Therefore, our research will endeavor to explore the relationship between the two. The cross-sectional survey enrolled 32,877 general population from eight regional centers in China.

Review of clinical and imaging findings in autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy to aid in early diagnosis.

Objective: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a novel steroid sensitive autoimmune disease, without a diagnostic consensus. The purpose of this study was to improve early GFAP-A diagnosis by increasing awareness of key clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations.

Methods: Medical records of 13 patients with anti-GFAP antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were reviewed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Multidimensional Proteomic Landscape Reveals Distinct Activated Pathways Between Human Brain Tumors.

Brain metastases (BrMs) and gliomas are two typical human brain tumors with high incidence of mortalities and distinct clinical challenges, yet the understanding of these two types of tumors remains incomplete. Here, a multidimensional proteomic landscape of BrMs and gliomas to infer tumor-specific molecular pathophysiology at both tissue and plasma levels is presented. Tissue sample analysis reveals both shared and distinct characteristics of brain tumors, highlighting significant disparities between BrMs and gliomas with differentially activated upstream pathways of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway that have been scarcely discussed previously.

G3BP1/2-Targeting PROTAC Disrupts Stress Granules Dependent ATF4 Migracytosis as Cancer Therapy.

Stress granules (SGs) are membraneless cytoplasmic compartments that form in response to stress stimuli. In these compartments, most translation factors stall, except for activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which is preferentially translated to ensure cell survival under stressful conditions. Cancer cells encounter various stress conditions in the tumor microenvironment during tumorigenesis; however, how they exploit the pro-survival effects of ATF4 in SGs remains unclear.

Prevalence of flatfoot and analysis of plantar pressure distribution in adolescents based on body mass index: a regional study.

Background: The foot is an essential organ for human locomotion. Assessment of plantar pressure distribution could provide key clinical information on foot functions. However, the mechanism that links body mass index to injury is not clear.

Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance by Anchoring Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CoO.

The sluggish kinetics of the anodic process, known as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), has posed a significant challenge for the practical application of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers in industrial settings. This study introduces a high-performance OER catalyst by anchoring iridium oxide nanoparticles (IrO) onto a cobalt oxide (CoO) substrate via a two-step combustion method. The resulting IrO@CoO catalyst demonstrates a significant enhancement in both catalytic activity and stability in acidic environments.

Chemical Coordination of Acetic Acid to Improve Photovoltaic Performance and Long-Term Stability of Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells.

Mixed Tin-Lead perovskite solar cells (Sn-Pb PSCs) with a narrow band gap (NBG) are significant for single-junction and all-perovskite tandem solar cells due to their low toxicity and ideal band gap. Nevertheless, the performance and stability of the device are adversely affected by the uncontrollable crystallization and ion migration processes. Acetic acid (HAc) is introduced into the perovskite precursor solution as a multifunctional additive to enhance the film crystallization process and restrain ion migration in the device.

Case Series on the Efficacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in IVIG-Resistant Kawasaki Disease: A Retrospective Analysis of Five Patients.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. While intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the standard treatment, 10-20% of patients do not respond to IVIG. Given the significant role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in KD pathophysiology, targeting IL-6 may offer a therapeutic option for IVIG-resistant KD.

Noble Metal Nanoparticle Assisted Mass Spectrometry for Metabolite-Based In Vitro Diagnostics.

In vitro diagnostics (IVD) makes clinical diagnosis rapid, simple, and noninvasive to patients, playing a crucial role in the early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. Metabolic biomarkers are closely correlated to the phenotype of diseases. However, most IVD platforms are constrained by the sensitivity and throughput of assay.

Preparation of eco-friendly multifunctional lyocell fabric with flame retardant, antibacterial and UV resistant using glucose-derived NP compounds.

A biomass-based finishing agent (ArCP) rich in nitrogen and phosphorus was synthesized from glucose, arginine and phosphorous acid, which was then used for lyocell fabrics to prepare flame retardant, antibacterial and UV resistant properties lyocell fabrics (ArCP-lyocell). The elemental composition, surface morphology, combustion performance, antibacterial and UV resistant properties for the lyocell fabrics before and after modification were investigated. ArCP-lyocell fabrics showed excellent self-extinguishing properties with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 35.

Towards a unified test for the intercept of autoregressive models.

It has long been an open problem to provide a unified test for the intercept of autoregressive (AR) models. In this paper, we use the empirical likelihood method to solve this issue. It turns out that the resulting test statistic always converges in distribution to a standard chi-squared distribution under the null hypothesis, whether the AR process is stationary or nonstationary, and with or without an intercept.

An Epidemiological and Clinical Study of Monkeypox in Changsha, China: A Retrospective Analysis of HIV-Infected and Non-HIV-Infected Patients from June to December 2023.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Human Monkeypox (mpox) as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in July 2022. Due to border quarantine and isolation measures implemented from January 2020 to December 2022, Beijing did not report its first locally transmitted case of mpox until May 31, 2023, which represented a delayed occurrence compared to other countries. The aim of this observational analysis is to describe demographical data, symptoms presentation and clinical course till outcome of patients diagnosed with monkeypox (mpox) from June to December 2023 at a tertiary level hospital in Changsha, china.

Lignin-based flame retardants chelated with Fe: Facilitating the development of flame retardant, UV resistant and antibacterial properties polyvinyl alcohol composites.

To overcome the problems of inflammability, poor UV resistance and susceptible to bacterial growth of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a new lignin-based PVA composite (PVA/PLig-Fe) was prepared. Compared to PVA, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of PVA/PLig-Fe was increased by 64.8 %.

The regulation mechanism of ultrasonic treatment on alkali-induced egg white protein gel: Structure, molecular characteristics and intermolecular forces distribution.

Egg white protein can be cross-linked to form a gel under alkali induction, which is typically represented by the preserved eggs from Chinese traditional food. The effects of ultrasonic at different intensities (50 W, 100 W, 200 W, and 300 W) on alkali-induced egg white protein (EWP) gel were investigated. The gel strength rose significantly by 26.

Shedding Light on Hadronization by Quarkonium Energy Correlator.

We propose to measure the energy correlator in quarkonium production, which tracks the energy deposited in the calorimeter at the χ-angular distance away from the identified quarkonium. The observable eliminates the need for jets while sustaining the perturbative predictive power. Analyzing the power correction to the energy correlator, we demonstrate that the novel observable supplies a unique gateway to probing the hadronization, especially when cosχ≳0 in the quarkonium rest frame, where the perturbative emissions are depleted due to the dead-cone effects.

Hepcidin Exacerbates Iron Metabolism Imbalance in Septic Mice.

Purpose: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition associated with acute organ dysfunction. Iron is an essential trace element for multicellular organisms and almost all microorganisms, and its role in sepsis has been increasingly recognized. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in iron metabolism in caecal ligation and puncture solution (CLP) -induced septic mice and the effects of hepcidin pretreatment on serum inflammatory marker levels and liver iron metabolism in CLP-induced septic mice.

Impact of Mild Field Drought on the Aroma Profile and Metabolic Pathways of Fresh Tea () Leaves Using HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS.

Aroma plays a pivotal role in defining tea quality and distinctiveness, and tea producers have often observed that specific drought conditions are closely associated with the formation and accumulation of characteristic aroma compounds in tea leaves. However, there is still limited understanding of the differential strategies employed by various tea cultivars in response to drought stress for the accumulation of key volatile aroma compounds in fresh tea leaves, as well as the associated metabolic pathways involved in aroma formation. In this study, two widely cultivated tea cultivars in China, Fuding Dabai (FD) and Wuniuzao (WNZ), were examined to assess the impact of mild field drought stress on the composition and accumulation of key volatile aroma compounds in fresh leaves using headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) and headspace solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) technologies.

Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes PD-L1 expression in cancer cells to evade CD8 T cell killing in breast cancer.

Background: A significant percentage of cancer-related fatalities are caused by breast cancer (BC). Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is a common Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium found in various inflammatory diseases, and there are also reports suggesting its involvement in cancer progression. This study discussed molecular mechanisms of Fn-induced immune escape in BC cells.

Construction of Somatostatin-Based Multiphase "Core-Shell" Coacervates as Photodynamic Biomimetic Organelles.

Biomimetic coacervates have recently attracted great interest in biomedical fields, especially for drug delivery and as protocells. However, these membraneless structures are easily coalesced and poorly targetable, limiting their real biomedical applications. Here multiphase "core-shell" coacervate (CSC) constructed by dsDNA and somatostatin (SST), a 14-mer cyclopeptide is designed.

Transcriptional factor KLF9 overcomes 5-fluorouracil resistance in breast cancer via PTEN-dependent regulation of aerobic glycolysis.

The emergence of resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a staple in breast cancer chemotherapy. This paper delves into the role of PTEN in breast cancer resistance to 5-FU and examines the underlying molecular pathways. PTEN expression was detected in bioinformatics databases and upstream transcription factors (TFs) were identified.

Neuronal cathepsin S increases neuroinflammation and causes cognitive decline via CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and JAK2-STAT3 pathway in aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Aging is an intricate process involving interactions among multiple factors, which is one of the main risks for chronic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a member of cysteine protease, cathepsin S (CTSS) has been implicated in inflammation across various diseases. Here, we investigated the role of neuronal CTSS in aging and AD started by examining CTSS expression in hippocampus neurons of aging mice and identified a significant increase, which was negatively correlated with recognition abilities.

Unhealthy plant-based diet is associated with a higher cardiovascular disease risk in patients with prediabetes and diabetes: a large-scale population-based study.

Background: The role of plant-based dietary patterns in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore potential contributing factors among people with prediabetes and diabetes.

Methods: A total of 17,926 participants with prediabetes and 7798 with diabetes were enrolled from the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010 and followed until the end of 2020.