Machine learning based identification of an amino acid metabolism related signature for predicting prognosis and immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm characterized by poor diagnosis. Amino acids play a prominent role in the occurrence and progression of pancreatic cancer as essential building blocks for protein synthesis and key regulators of cellular metabolism. Understanding the interplay between pancreatic cancer and amino acid metabolism offers potential avenues for improving patient clinical outcomes.

Impact of solid content on the bulk properties of lyophilized powders.

Interest in oral delivery of biological drug products, commonly prepared through lyophilization, is surging. Typically, low solid content solutions are employed for lyophilization to enhance mass transfer and minimize drying time. Yet, this approach often results in lyophilized powders with low bulk density and poor flowability, challenging downstream processing steps that are required for oral product development.

Comparative transcriptome analysis in two contrasting genotypes for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance in sunflower.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as a necrotrophic fungus causes the devastating diseases in many important oilseed crops worldwide. The preferred strategy for controlling S. sclerotiorum is to develop resistant varieties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying S.

Deciphering genetic characteristics of South China and North China indigenous pigs through selection signatures.

Background: Indigenous pig breeds in China have accumulated significant genetic diversity due to regional selection pressures. Investigating the selection signatures of these populations helps to understand their adaptive evolution and contributes to genetic improvement programs.

Results: We collected whole-genome sequencing data from 133 individuals, including South China and North China indigenous pigs and Asian wild boars.

Evaluation of the Breed Composition of Pork via Population Structure Analysis in Pigs.

The quality of pork meat directly influences the price and consumption. The genetic improvement of pigs has mainly focused on high productive efficiency, which has resulted in poor meat quality. Crossbreeds containing commercial and indigenous breeds could improve the meat quality, but identifying breed composition was difficult because of the lack of an ancestry reference panel.

Trehalose Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating IRE1α-TFEB Signaling Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic lipid deposition, is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders globally, and its pharmaceutical treatments are still limited. Excessive lipid accumulation triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy flux dysfunction, which are important mechanisms for NAFLD. Trehalose (Tre), a natural disaccharide, has been identified to reduce hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance.

Therapeutic evaluation of glycoprotein hormone β5/α2 in reducing obesity and metabolic dysfunctions in genetically obese ob/ob mice.

The escalating obesity epidemic poses serious public health challenges, requiring the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to determine if recombinant glycoprotein hormone β5 (GPHB5) protein, particularly in the hybrid form with glycoprotein hormone α2 (GPHA2) (recombinant corticotroph-derived glycoprotein hormone, rCGH), can alleviate obesity in the genetically obese mice, ob/ob. Six-week-old male ob/ob mice were intraperitoneally injected for four weeks with rCGH (10 mg/kg) treatment.

A Model of Death Preparedness in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Grounded Theory Study.

Background: Death preparedness in patients with advanced cancer is an important prerequisite for improving the quality of death. However, there are insufficient studies on death preparedness in patients with advanced cancer, and the level of death preparedness needs to be further improved.

Aim: To develop a model of death preparedness in patients with advanced cancer.

The properties of laryngeal electromyography in the non-paralyzed sides of patients with idiopathic vocal cord paralysis.

Objective: To evaluate the injuries of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), and their innervated laryngeal muscles on the non-paralyzed sides in patients with idiopathic vocal cord paralysis (IVCP).

Methods: Eighty-four cases of patients with IVCP were evaluated using stroboscopic laryngoscopy, voice analysis, and laryngeal electromyography(LEMG). Concurrently, twenty-eight cases involving healthy volunteers without vocal cord paralysis were enrolled and examined using LEMG during the same period.

Sintilimab plus decitabine for higher-risk treatment-naïve myelodysplastic syndromes: efficacy, safety, and biomarker analysis of a phase II, single-arm trial.

Background: Immunotherapy combined with azacitidine was feasible in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) with limited sample size of treatment-naïve patients, while the optimization of treatment strategies, including the optimal immune checkpoint inhibitor and hypomethylating agent and possible benefiting population, remained undefined. This study first evaluates the efficacy and safety of sintilimab, a PD-1 blockade, plus decitabine in treatment-naïve higher-risk MDS patients and investigates biomarkers for predicting treatment response.

Methods: In this phase II, single-arm trial (ChiCTR2100044393), treatment-naïve higher-risk MDS patients with an International Prognostic Scoring System-Revised score >3.

Drug screening approaches for small-molecule compounds in cancer-targeted therapy.

Small-molecule compounds exhibit distinct pharmacological properties and clinical effectiveness. Over the past decade, advances in covalent drug discovery have led to successful small-molecule drugs, such as EGFR, BTK, and KRAS (G12C) inhibitors, for cancer therapy. Researchers are paying more attention to refining drug screening methods aiming for high throughput, fast speed, high specificity, and accuracy.

Fabrication of Thermochromic Photonic Crystal Stickers with Highly Sensitive Response for Non-open Fire Sensing.

Giving Timely warnings for fire is very crucial for fire prevention and the protection of people's lives and property. However, most current fire warning sensors give warnings above 200 °C, which are not conducive to efficient and accurate warnings. Therefore, it is important to develop high-temperature sensors that can give timely, portable warnings at low temperatures (100 to 200 °C).

Fibin is a crucial mitochondrial regulatory gene in skeletal muscle development.

Fin bud initiation factor homolog (Fibin) is a secreted protein that is relatively conserved among species. It is closely related to fin bud development and can regulate a variety of cellular processes. In our previous high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) study of pig embryonic muscle development, it was found that Fibin has high expression and activity during the development of pig primary muscle fibers.

Experimental and proteomics evidence revealed the protective mechanisms of Shemazhichuan Liquid in attenuating neutrophilic asthma.

Background: Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is one of the most important phenotypes of non-Th2 asthma and is often insensitive to glucocorticoid therapy, making current treatment difficult. Shemazhichuan Liquid (SMZCL), a Chinese medicine compound preparation, has unique advantages in the treatment of asthma. However, the underlying mechanisms of SMZCL in treating NA are not fully understood.

Pigment epithelium-derived factor exerts neuroprotection in oxygen-induced retinopathy by targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress have been involved in the occurrence of neuronal apoptosis in ischemic retinopathy. Pigment epitheliu-derived factor (PEDF) is well known for its multifunctional properties, including neuroprotection, anti-inflammation and antioxidant. However, the association between PEDF and ER stress or oxidative stress in ischemic retinopathy remain incompletely understood.

Prospective, multi-site evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert Xpress CoV-2 test on nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs.

Unlabelled: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues its largely aseasonal spread with millions of cases per year. Highly sensitive, point-of-care testing is critical for rapid detection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and initiation of antiviral therapy to avert adverse health outcomes and reduce onward transmission of the virus. While hundreds of COVID-19 diagnostics received emergency use authorization from the FDA during the pandemic, significantly fewer have navigated the course to FDA clearance or approval.

Joint association of serum sodium and frailty with mild cognitive impairment among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To examine the associations of serum sodium and frailty with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 403 hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases. Serum sodium concentration was assessed by the ion-selective electrode method, frailty status was evaluated by the FRAIL scale, and MCI was determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

The endosomal-vacuolar transport system acts as a docking platform for the Pmk1 MAP kinase signaling pathway in Magnaporthe oryzae.

In Magnaporthe oryzae, the Pmk1 MAP kinase signaling pathway regulates appressorium formation, plant penetration, effector secretion, and invasive growth. While the Mst11-Mst7-Pmk1 cascade was characterized two decades ago, knowledge of its signaling in the intracellular network remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that the endosomal surface scaffolds Pmk1 MAPK signaling and Msb2 activates Ras2 on endosomes in M.

Methylene blue-functionalized ZIF-8/Au nanoparticle composites based ratiometric electrochemical sensor for reliable detection of methyl parathion in vegetables.

A novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on methylene blue-functionalized ZIF-8/Au nanoparticle composites (ZIF-8@MB/AuNPs) was constructed for reliable detection of methyl parathion (MP). The ZIF-8@MB/AuNPs composites were prepared by a simple and mild room-temperature method. Here, ZIF-8 was served as a support for loading functional nanomaterials, which helps to improve the adsorption and accumulation capacity for MP.

Lactate supplementation after hypoglycemia alleviates cognitive dysfunction induced by recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia in diabetic mice.

Recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia (RH) in diabetes is an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying RH-induced diabetic cognitive impairment.