Emerging role of IRE1α in vascular diseases.

A mounting body of evidence suggests that the endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response are involved in the underlying mechanisms responsible for vascular diseases. Inositol-requiring protein 1α (IRE1α), the most ancient branch among the UPR-related signaling pathways, can possess both serine/threonine kinase and endoribonuclease (RNase) activity and can perform physiological and pathological functions. The IRE1α-signaling pathway plays a critical role in the pathology of various vascular diseases.

Transcriptome analysis reveals high concentration of resveratrol promotes lipid synthesis and induces apoptosis in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii).

Resveratrol has been reported to promote immunity and decrease oxidative stress, but which demonstrates biphasic effects relied on the use concentration. In this study, the effects of diet supplement with a relative high concentration of resveratrol (0.32 mg/kg) on metabolism, antioxidation and apoptosis of liver were investigated in Siberian sturgeon.

Dietary resveratrol improves the flesh quality of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) by enhancing myofiber growth, nutrient accumulation and antioxidant capacity.

Background: In aquaculture, sturgeons are generally maintained in the confined spaces, which not only hinders sturgeon movement, but also threatens their flesh quality that seriously concerned by aquaculture industry. As a typical antioxidant, resveratrol can improve the flesh quality of livestock and poultry. However, the mechanism of resveratrol's effect on the muscle of Siberian sturgeon is still unclear.

Activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway ameliorates hyperlipidemia-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting mtROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Dyslipidemia is the most prevalent independent risk factor for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lipid-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in kidney-resident cells exacerbates renal injury by causing sterile inflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that modulates the cellular redox balance; however, the exact role of Nrf2 signaling and its regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperlipidemia-induced kidney injury are poorly understood.

Association between perioperative red blood cell transfusions and postoperative venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Whether perioperative red blood cell transfusions increases the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism is controversial and uncertain.We aims to explore the relationship between perioperative red blood cell transfusions and the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism by conducting a meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the relationship between perioperative red blood cell transfusions and the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism.

CD36-mediated podocyte lipotoxicity promotes foot process effacement.

Background: Lipid metabolism disorders lead to lipotoxicity. The hyperlipidemia-induced early stage of renal injury mainly manifests as podocyte damage. CD36 mediates fatty acid uptake and the subsequent accumulation of toxic lipid metabolites, resulting in podocyte lipotoxicity.

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptoms in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Data Mining Study.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) ranks as a major cause of motor disabilities in children, with spastic CP making up roughly 70-80% of all CP cases. The primary objective of our study is to identify characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) symptom of spastic CP, thereby establishing correlations between the TCM symptom and the disease, providing a more scientific theoretical foundation for TCM treatments on spastic CP, enabling a deeper comprehension of clinical interventions, ultimately, improving rehabilitation outcomes in TCM treatment for spastic CP.

Methods: We conducted a data mining study on TCM symptom of spastic CP children aged 4-14 years old treated at Xi'an Encephalopathy Hospital Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, from October 2021 to March 2023.

Association of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammation Response Index with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with the clinical and pathological features and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Patients And Methods: We analyzed 303 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), classifying them into distinct groups: T2DM, early DKD (EDKD), and clinical DKD (Cli-DKD). Variations in SII and SIRI levels across these groups and their association with renal function were assessed.

Metabolomics study reveals blood biomarkers for early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and IgA nephropathy: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes low quality of life and alarming morbidity and mortality. The crucial to retard CKD progression is to diagnose early for timely treatment. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a typical CKD and the most common glomerulonephritis.

Role of TFEB-autophagy lysosomal pathway in palmitic acid induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury.

Lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagic flux are involved in the pathogenesis of lipotoxicity in the kidney. Here, we investigated the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy-lysosomal pathway, in palmitic acid induced renal tubular epithelial cells injury. We examined lipid accumulation, autophagic flux, expression of Ps211-TFEB, and nuclear translocation of TFEB in HK-2 cells overloaded with palmitic acid (PA).

TAC3 regulates GnRH/gonadotropin synthesis in female chickens.

Neurokinin B (NKB), a peptide encoded by the tachykinin 3 (TAC3), is critical for reproduction in all studied species. However, its potential roles in birds are less clear. Using the female chicken (c-) as a model, we showed that cTAC3 is composed of five exons with a full-length cDNA of 787 bp, which was predicted to generate the mature NKB peptide containing 10 amino acids.

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptoms in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy, a Protocol for Data Mining.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by abnormal pronunciation, posture, and movement. Clinically, CP can be categorized into various motor syndromes, including spastic hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia, involuntary movement, ataxia, and mixed types. Among these, spastic CP represents over 70-80% of all CP cases.

[Blood Lipid Indicators and Different Clinical Classifications of Dyslipidemia and Diabetic Kidney Disease: Correlation and Predictive Value].

Objective: To explore the relationship between blood lipid indicators and different clinical classifications of dyslipidemia and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to compare the value of different clinical classifications of dyslipidemia for predicting DKD.

Methods: Continuously enrollment of subjects was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and the Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between October 2020 and October 2021. A total of 356 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients admitted to the two hospitals were enrolled.

Acupuncture and Tuina Treatment for Gross Motor Function in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Monocentric Clinical Study.

Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition characterized by abnormal pronunciation, posture, and movement, particularly spastic CP, which involves Gross motor dysfunction due to increased muscle tone and stiffness. This monocentric clinical study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture and tuina (AT) in improving gross motor function and alleviating associated symptoms in children diagnosed with spastic CP.

Methods: A total of 83 eligible patients received AT treatment, while 85 patients received conventional rehabilitation treatment.

Active immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone affects thymic T cell production, migration, and colonization in male rat lymphoid tissue.

Active immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) inhibits animal reproduction and has become a friendly alternative to surgical castration, which has been reported to affect the proportion of thymic T cell subpopulations. The effects of active immunization against GnRH on T cell migration from the thymus to the periphery and T cell distribution in lymphoid tissues remain unclear. Here, we showed that active immunization against GnRH increased thymic size and weight, enlarged the number of thymocytes, and enhanced CD4 recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) and CD8 RTEs migration to the blood and spleen.

Effect of Purslane ( L.) on Intestinal Morphology, Digestion Activity and Microbiome of Chinese Pond Turtle () during Infection.

Large-scale mortality due to () infection has considerably decreased the yield of the Chinese pond turtle (). Purslane is a naturally active substance with a wide range of pharmacological functions, but its antibacterial effect on Chinese pond turtles infected by infection is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of purslane on intestinal morphology, digestion activity, and microbiome of Chinese pond turtles during infection.

Efficacy of Immunization against a Novel Synthetic 13-Amino Acid Betaglycan-Binding Peptide Sequence of Inhibin α Subunit on Promoting Fertility in Female Rats.

Inhibins suppress the FSH production in pituitary gonadotrope cells by robustly antagonizing activin signaling by competitively binding to activin type II receptors (ACTR II). The binding of inhibin A to ACTR II requires the presence of its co-receptor, namely, betaglycan. In humans, the critical binding site for betaglycan to inhibin A was identified on the inhibin α subunit.

SGU-Net: Shape-Guided Ultralight Network for Abdominal Image Segmentation.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved significant success in medical image segmentation. However, they also suffer from the requirement of a large number of parameters, leading to a difficulty of deploying CNNs to low-source hardwares, e.g.

Self-assembled micropillar arrays near-field electrospinning.

Self-assembly in near-field electrospinning is reported for the first time in this paper, which realized the conversion from two-dimensional planar printing to three-dimensional (3D) structures. Repeatedly stacked fibres formed a micropillar array structure (MPAS) with intervals on the deposition paths by adding carbonyl iron powder particles to a polyethylene oxide (PEO) solution. The growth process of the self-assembled MPAS is documented, and the mechanism of the self-assembled MPAS is proposed.

Is a Novel Food Regulator in .

(), a paralog of , is a newly identified gene in non-mammalian vertebrates. Limited studies in fish have evidenced its important role in food intake and energy balance modulation. However, little is known about its biological functions in birds.

PNX14 but not PNX20 as a novel regulator of preadipocyte differentiation via activating Epac-ERK signaling pathway in Gallus gallus.

Small integral membrane protein 20 (SMIM20) could generate two main peptides, PNX14 and PNX20, which participate in multiple biological roles such as reproduction, inflammation and energy metabolism in mammals. However, little is known about their physiological functions in non-mammalian vertebrates. Using chicken (c-) as an animal model, we found cSMIM20 was moderately expressed in adipose tissues, and its expression was gradually increased during the differentiation of chicken preadipocytes, suggesting that it may play an important role in chicken adipogenesis.

Mechanic Insight into the Distinct and Common Roles of Ovariectomy Versus Adrenalectomy on Adipose Tissue Remodeling in Female Mice.

Dysfunctions of the ovaries and adrenal glands are both evidenced to cause aberrant adipose tissue (AT) remodeling and resultant metabolic disorders, but their distinct and common roles are poorly understood. In this study, through biochemical, histological and RNA-seq analyses, we comprehensively explored the mechanisms underpinning subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) remodeling, in response to ovariectomy (OVX) versus adrenalectomy (ADX) in female mice. OVX promoted adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation in both SAT and VAT, by potentiating the signaling, while ADX universally prevented the cell proliferation and extracellular matrix organization in both SAT and VAT, likely by inactivating the signaling, thus causing lipoatrophy in females.

UNC93B1 facilitates TLR18-mediated NF-κB signal activation in Schizothorax prenanti.

Toll-like receptor 18 (TLR18), a non-mammalian TLR, has been believed to play an important role in anti-bacterial immunity of teleost fishes. UNC93B1 is a classical molecular chaperone that mediates TLRs transport from endoplasmic reticulum to the located membrane. However, TLR18-mediated signal transduction mechanism and the regulatory effect of UNC93B1 to TLR18 are still unclear in teleost fishes.

Corticosterone stage-dependently inhibits progesterone production presumably via impeding the cAMP-StAR cascade in granulosa cells of chicken preovulatory follicles.

Stress can suppress reproduction capacity in either wild or domestic animals, but the exact mechanism behind it, especially in terms of steroidogenesis, remains under-investigated so far. Considering the important roles of progesterone in avian breeding, we investigated the modulation of corticosterone on progesterone production in cultured granulosa cells of chicken follicles at different developmental stages. Using enzyme immunoassays, our study showed that corticosterone could only inhibit progesterone synthesis in granulosa cells from F5-6, F4, and F3 follicles, but not F2 and F1 follicles.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the high temperature induced damage is a significant factor affecting the osmotic function of gill tissue in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii).

Background: Maintaining osmotic equilibrium plays an important role in the survival of cold-water fishes. Heat stress has been proven to reduce the activity of Na/K-ATPase in the gill tissue, leading to destruction of the osmotic equilibrium. However, the mechanism of megatemperature affecting gill osmoregulation has not been fully elucidated.