Development and validation of machine learning models for predicting extubation failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a retrospective study.

Patients with multiple comorbidities and those undergoing complex cardiac surgery may experience extubation failure and reintubation. The aim of this study was to establish an extubation prediction model using explainable machine learning and identify the most important predictors of extubation failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Data from 776 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery and were intubated for more than 24 h were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database.

Energy distribution and dissipation characteristics in a 12-stage linear-transformer-driver facility.

Linear transformer driver (LTD) is one of the promising technologies for the next-generation petawatt Z-pinch facility. Mismatch between the driver and load can cause energy reflections, resulting in more energy being dissipated in the LTD and causing damage to the devices. An equivalent circuit model based on a 12-stage LTD facility under different operating conditions was established and validated through experimental results over a relatively long time (∼2 μs).

A preoperative pathological staging prediction model for esophageal cancer based on CT radiomics.

Background: Accurate and comprehensive preoperative staging is one of the most important prognostic factors for the management of esophageal cancer (EC). We aimed to develop and validate predictive models using radiomics from preoperative contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) images to assess pathological staging in EC patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 161 patients who underwent esophagectomy at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from July 2018 to February 2023.

Past, present and future epidemiology of echinococcosis in China based on nationwide surveillance data 2004-2022.

Objectives: We evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis, a global public health threat, in China to inform global control efforts.

Methods: Descriptive, statistical, cluster, spatial, and trend analyses were used to evaluate the epidemiology at national, provincial, and county levels based on 2004-2022 nationwide surveillance data from China.

Results: Between 2004 and 2022, China recorded 72,676 cystic echinococcosis (CE) cases, 11,465 alveolar echinococcosis (AE) cases, and 5703 others, with an average annual cases per million (ANpM) of 3.

Abnormal Alterations of the White Matter Structural Network in Patients with Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia.

PHN is one of the most common clinical complications of herpes zoster (HZ), the pathogenesis of which is unclear and poorly treated clinically, and many studies now suggest that postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) pain may be related to central neurologic mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the white matter structural networks and changes in the organization of the rich-club in HZ and PHN. Diffusion imaging (DTI) data from 89 PHN patients, 76 HZ patients, and 66 healthy controls (HCs) were used to construct corresponding structural networks.

Pollution profiles, pathogenicity, and toxicity of bioaerosols in the atmospheric environment of urban general hospital in China.

Airborne microorganisms in hospitals present significant health risks to both patients and employees. However, their pollution profiles and associated hazards in different hospital areas remained largely unknown during the extensive use of masks and disinfectants. This study investigated the characteristics of bioaerosols in an urban general hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations range from 87 ± 35 to 1037 ± 275 CFU/m and 21 ± 15 to 561 ± 132 CFU/m, respectively, with the outpatient clinic and internal medicine ward showing the highest levels.

The Application of Resolvin D1-Loaded Gelatin Methacrylate in a Rat Periodontitis Model.

To evaluate the drug release, cytocompatibility with periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), and therapeutic efficacy of GelMA hydrogel loaded with resolvin D1 (RvD1) in treating rat periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone damage. An RvD1 complexed with GelMA was prepared, and its release kinetics and compatibility with PDLCs were assessed. Rats with induced periodontitis were treated weekly with topical applications of vehicle, GelMA, RvD1, or RvD1 complexed with GelMA for four weeks.

Abnormal alterations in structure-function coupling at the modular level in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.

To investigate the presence of modular loss of coupling and abnormal alterations in functional and structural networks in the brain networks of patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and diffusion tensor imaging data from 82 healthy controls (HCs) and 71 PHN patients, generated structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) networks, and assessed the corresponding clinical information assessment. Based on AAL(90) mapping, the brain network was divided into 9 modules, and the structural-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling was compared at the whole-brain level and within the modules, as well as alterations in the topological properties of the brain network in the patient group.

Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark () IgNAR.

The variable domain of IgNAR shows great potential in biological medicine and therapy. IgNAR has been discovered in sharks and rays, with the nurse shark () IgNARs being the most extensively studied among sharks. Despite being identified in nurse sharks over 30 years ago, the characteristics and genomic localization of IgNAR remain poorly defined, with significant gaps even in the latest released genome data.

Ulp1 Regulates Cell Proliferation Through INO1 in .

Background/objectives: Ulp1 is a vital regulator of the cell cycle, with its absence leading to G2/M phase arrest in . This study aims to investigate the role of Ulp1 in cell cycle regulation in and to elucidate its mechanisms of action, particularly through the modulation of the gene .

Methods: We generated Ulp1 knockout strains in using the FLP-FRT system and performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze gene expression changes.

Differential Leaf-to-Root Movement, Trophic Transfer, and Tissue-Specific Biodistribution of Metal-Based and Polymer-Based Nanoparticles When Present Singly and in Mixture.

The transfer of nanoparticles (NPs) through the terrestrial food chain via foliar uptake presents poorly understood risks, especially in scenarios involving copollution and plant translocation. Herein, we exposed the radishes to single and mixed foliar doses of CeO NPs and deuterated polystyrene (DPS), investigating the trophic transfer of NPs from radish shoots/roots to snails. Compared to single treatments, mixture treatments increased Ce uptake by plants but had no effect on DPS uptake.

Advantages of the zebrafish tumor xenograft model: the evaluation of efficacy in cancer therapy and the application to the study of lncRNAs.

In the current preclinical anti-tumor researches, there is a general lack of an model that can quickly and efficiently screen effective anti-tumor drugs. As a species that is 87% genetically similar to humans, zebrafish have been widely used to model human diseases, and they are considered an alternative economic model for studying cancer development, proliferation, and metastasis. The zebrafish tumor xenograft model has been effectively used for cancer drug development at all levels, including target validation, and high-throughput screening of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may be involved in tumor regulation.

Coupled digital visualization and multi-omics uncover neurobehavioral dysfunction in zebrafish induced by resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate).

Resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP) is an emerging pollutant that has been frequently detected in aquatic environments, although its toxicity is poorly characterized. To understand how RDP affects the neural system, two-month-old zebrafish were exposed to RDP at concentrations of 0.1 and 10 μg/L for 60 days.

Association between breastfeeding duration and BMI, 2009-2018: a population-based study.

Background: In the 21st century, childhood overweight and obesity have become major public health issues worldwide. Previous studies have shown that breastfeeding helps prevent overweight or obesity in children. Despite the significant advantages of breastfeeding, the global exclusive breastfeeding rate for infants under 6 months old is only 40%, while in the United States, the rate is only 25%.

Disrupted Balance of Short- and Long-Range Functional Connectivity Density in Patients with Herpes Zoster or Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the abnormal changes in short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) in patients with herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Patients And Methods: Twenty HZ patients, 22 PHN patients, and 19 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. We used FCD mapping, a data-driven graph theory method, to investigate local and global functional connectivity patterns.

Remimazolam Alleviates Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury by Activating TSPO to Inhibit Macrophage Pyroptosis.

Background: Macrophages are activated in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), accompanied by macrophage pyroptosis. Remimazolam (Re) plays a role in inhibiting macrophage activation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of Re in VILI.

Revealing the regulation of allergic asthma airway epithelial cell inflammation by STEAP4 targeting MIF through machine learning algorithms and single-cell sequencing analysis.

Asthma comprises one of the most common chronic inflammatory conditions, yet still lacks effective diagnostic markers and treatment targets. To gain deeper insights, we comprehensively analyzed microarray datasets of airway epithelial samples from asthmatic patients and healthy subjects in the Gene Expression Omnibus database using three machine learning algorithms. Our investigation identified a pivotal gene, .

Foliar Exposure of Deuterium Stable Isotope-Labeled Nanoplastics to Lettuce: Quantitative Determination of Foliar Uptake, Transport, and Trophic Transfer in a Terrestrial Food Chain.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are widely detected in the atmosphere and are likely to be deposited on plant leaves. However, our understanding of their foliar uptake, translocation, and trophic transfer profiles is limited due to a lack of quantitative analytical tools to effectively probe mechanisms of action. Here, using synthesized deuterium (H) stable isotope-labeled polystyrene nanoplastics (H-PSNPs), the foliar accumulation and translocation of NPs in lettuce and the dynamics of NP transfer along a lettuce-snail terrestrial food chain were investigated.

Effect of photodynamic therapy on peripheral immune system for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been emerging as a promising treatment for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). A number of experiments have demonstrated that PDT could enhance antitumor immunity significantly. However, the impact of PDT on peripheral immune system for unresectable CCA remains unclear.

Biotransformation, Bioaccumulation, and Bioelimination of Triphenyl Phosphate and Its Dominant Metabolite Diphenyl Phosphate .

Aryl phosphorus flame retardants (aryl-PFRs), such as triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), are widely used worldwide. Understanding the fates of aryl-PFRs is crucial to assessing their toxicity and the risks they pose. Seven TPHP metabolites, including Phase I hydrolysis and hydroxylation and Phase II glucuronidation products, were identified in C57BL/6J male mice following subacute dietary exposure to aryl-PFRs (70 μg/kg body weight (bw)/day) for 7 days.

Evaluating the impact of ecological factors on the quality and habitat distribution of Flos using HPLC and the MaxEnt model.

Introduction: The quality of traditional Chinese medicine is based on the content of their secondary metabolites, which vary with habitat adaptation and ecological factors. This study focuses on (LJF), a key traditional herbal medicine, and aims to evaluate how ecological factors impact its quality.

Methods: We developed a new evaluation method combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting technology and MaxEnt models to assess the effects of ecological factors on LJF quality.

Screening and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chiloscyllium plagiosum anti-human VEGFR2 single-domain antibody.

Recently, the incidence of malignant tumors is on the rise and searching for new treatments on it has become the research priority. Blocking the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) is one of the treatment strategies that used in the development of specific anti-angiogenic drugs. The deficiencies in tissue penetration and affinity maturation become the weakness of these drugs in anti-tumors applications.