Visible-Light-Absorbing Photosensitizer Nanostructures for Treatment of Pathogenic Bacteria and Induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance.

Induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants to control bacterial diseases has become an effective solution to the problems of agrochemical resistance and ecological environment damage caused by long-term and large-scale use of traditional bactericides. However, current SAR-inducing compounds are often unable to rapidly eliminate pathogenic bacteria in infected plant tissues to prevent further spread of the disease, severely restraining the potential for extensive application in agriculture. Herein, we address the limitations by developing a series of visible-light-absorbing aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers suitable for agricultural use.

Valence-engineering modulation of MoS clusters for enhancing biocatalytic activity.

Earth-abundant MoS with the advantages of a stable structure, tunable bandgap, and easy shear has great potential for applications in the fields of catalysis, biomedicine, and so on. However, the biocatalytic activity of MoS remains little investigated and is insufficient for biomedical applications. In this work, we develop ultra-small and water-soluble MoS clusters with superior antioxidant activity and enzyme-like activity valence-engineering modulation with Ce doping.

Toripalimab plus chemotherapy for first line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CHOICE-01): final OS and biomarker exploration of a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

A randomized double-blind phase 3 trial (CHOICE-01, NCT03856411) demonstrated that combining toripalimab with chemotherapy substantially improves progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without pretreatment. This study presents the prespecified final analysis of overall survival (OS) and biomarkers utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tissue-based sequencing. Additionally, the analysis revealed a higher median overall survival (OS, 23.

Predicting molecular subtypes of breast cancer based on multi-parametric MRI dataset using deep learning method.

Purpose: To develop a multi-parametric MRI model for the prediction of molecular subtypes of breast cancer using five types of breast cancer preoperative MRI images.

Methods: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed clinical data and five types of MRI images (FS-T1WI, T2WI, Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1-C), DWI, and ADC) from 325 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer. Using the five types of MRI images as inputs to the ResNeXt50 model respectively, five base models were constructed, and then the outputs of the five base models were fused using an ensemble learning approach to develop a multi-parametric MRI model.

Endoscopic obturator nerve radiofrequency ablation for femoral head necrosis: a case series.

Background: This pilot case series evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of using endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the articular branch of the anterior obturator nerve under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance for controlling pain in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Methods: Data on 11 consecutive patients were collected with ONFH underwent endoscopic RFA of the anterior obturator nerve. Electromyography (EMG) examination was performed preoperatively and postoperatively.

Lipidomic profiling of the febrile rat hypothalamus by the intervention of Artemisia japonica extracts.

Artemisia species have been regarded as an important source of ethnic medicinal plants, such as A. annua and A. capillaris, both of which are widely used in clinical treatment.

Assessment of Age-Related Microstructure Changes in Thigh Skeletal Muscle Based on Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging.

Background: Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) could offer information about the morphological properties of tissue. Diffusion microstructure imaging has been widely used, but the applicability of NODDI in skeletal muscle imaging remains to be explored.

Purpose: To evaluate microstructure parameters variations in skeletal muscle as indicators of age-related changes.

Upconversion Nanoparticle-Anchored Metal-Organic Framework Nanostructures for Remote-Controlled Cancer Optogenetic Therapy.

Optogenetics, a revolutionary technique utilizing light-sensitive proteins to control cellular functions with high spatiotemporal precision, presents a promising avenue for disease treatment; however, its application in cancer therapy remains constrained by limited research. Herein, we introduce a pioneering strategy for remote-controlled optogenetic cancer therapy, synergistically merging optogenetics with ion therapy, which incorporates ion self-supply, in situ ion channel construction, and near-infrared (NIR) light-activated ion therapy, facilitating remote and noninvasive manipulation of cellular activities in deep tissues and living animals. We report the facile synthesis of water-dispersible upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-metal-organic framework (MOF) nanohybrids capable of effectively delivering plasmid DNA to cancer cells, thereby enabling the in situ expression of photoactivatable cation channels.

Molecular basis of FIGNL1 in dissociating RAD51 from DNA and chromatin.

Maintaining genome integrity is an essential and challenging process. RAD51 recombinase, the central player of several crucial processes in repairing DNA and protecting genome integrity, forms filaments on DNA, which are tightly regulated. One of these RAD51 regulators is FIGNL1, that prevents persistent RAD51 foci without or after DNA damage and genotoxic chromatin association in cells.

The compact beam energy measurement method of the photocathode RF gun by the solenoid and beam shaping.

Beam energy, normalized emittance, and quantum efficiency are crucial parameters of the RF gun. In this study, we proposed a compact and low-cost method to measure the beam energy at the exit of the 120 MeV electron linac's RF gun. We utilized a solenoid magnetic field to rotate an elliptical beam and measured the rotation angle of the beam to calculate the energy.

Case report: Metastatic endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma with features of mucinous carcinoma.

Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma is a rare neoplasm of the skin appendages. The tumor typically exhibits slow growth and rarely metastasizes to distant sites. Herein, we report a case of a 77-year-old male who presented with a skin lesion on the right anterior chest wall 23 years ago.

Symmetry, magnetic transitions and multiferroic properties of B-site-ordered AMnB'O perovskites (B' = [Co, Ni]).

The presence of magnetic atoms at the A and B sites and the coupling between these two spin subsystems in perovskites gives rise to a variety of exciting effects. In particular this coupling attracts interest from the field of novel multiferroic and magnetoelectric oxides. Moreover, magnetic double perovskites presenting cationic order at the B sites incorporate an additional modulation that can favor symmetry breaking, multiferroic, magnetoelectric and polar phases.

Effectiveness and safety of hydrogen inhalation therapy as an additional treatment for hypertension in real-world practice: a retrospective, observational study in China.

Aim: To evaluate the real-life effectiveness and safety of hydrogen inhalation (HI) therapy as an additional treatment in Chinese adults with hypertension.

Methods: This observational, retrospective clinical study included hypertensive patients receiving routine antihypertensives with or without HI initiation from 2018 to 2023. Participants were assigned to the HI group or non-HI group (control group) after propensity score matching.

Direct Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharides from Brown Algae by an Algae-Decomposing Alginate Lyase AlyP18 from the Marine Bacterium A3.

Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs), derived from alginate degradation, exhibit diverse biological activities and hold significant promise in various fields. The enzymatic preparation of AOs relies on alginate lyases, which offers distinct advantages. In contrast to the conventional use of sodium alginate derived from brown algae as the substrate for the enzymatic preparation of AOs, AO preparation directly from brown algae is more appealing due to its time and energy efficiency.

Variation of carrier lifetime with optical excitation power density in micro-LEDs.

GaN-based micro-LEDs are applied to visible light communication due to their high modulation bandwidth with reduced chip size. It requires a deep understanding of recombination processes and their impact on the bandwidth, which is mainly determined by the carrier lifetime. We employed confocal time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) to characterize the variation of carrier lifetime with optical excitation power density on micro-LEDs.

Fiber Bragg grating-based touch-slip sensor for surface roughness detection.

To enable humanoid prosthetic hands to accurately identify and grasp objects, a touch-slip sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was proposed in this paper. The sensor was designed with a double-layer sensing structure to detect three-dimensional force, sliding information, surface roughness, and compensate for ambient temperature using a reference grating. To analyze the relationship between the sensor surface structure parameters and FBG's vibration signal, the contact sliding model was introduced.

ANP32E promotes esophageal cancer progression and paclitaxel resistance via P53/SLC7A11 axis-regulated ferroptosis.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is associated with high mortality rates and widespread resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, like paclitaxel (PTX), posing a significant global public health challenge. ANP32E is a member of the acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family, its specific biological functions and mechanisms in EC remain unclear. Through bioinformatics analysis and clinical tissue sample studies, we observed a marked upregulation of ANP32E expression in EC tissues.

Artificially Engineered Nanoprobes for Ultrasensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive and radiation-free technique used for soft tissue. However, there are some limitations of the MRI modality, such as low sensitivity and poor image resolution. Artificially engineered magnetic nanoprobes have been extensively explored as a versatile platform for ultrasensitive MRI contrast agents due to their unique physiochemical characteristics and tunable magnetic properties.

Consistent genes associated with structural changes in clinical Alzheimer's disease spectrum.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated widespread brain neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the neurobiological and pathogenic substrates underlying this structural atrophy across the AD spectrum remain largely understood.

Methods: In this study, we obtained structural MRI data from ADNI datasets, including 83 participants with early-stage cognitive impairments (EMCI), 83 with late-stage mild cognitive impairments (LMCI), 83 with AD, and 83 with normal controls (NC).

Automatic AI tool for opportunistic screening of vertebral compression fractures on chest frontal radiographs: A multicenter study.

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are the most common type of osteoporotic fractures, yet they are often clinically silent and undiagnosed. Chest frontal radiographs (CFRs) are frequently used in clinical practice and a portion of VCFs can be detected through this technology. This study aimed to develop an automatic artificial intelligence (AI) tool using deep learning (DL) model for the opportunistic screening of VCFs from CFRs.

Metal-organic framework-based hybrids with photon upconversion.

Upconversion materials (UCMs) featuring an anti-Stokes type emission establish them as an important category of photoluminescent materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are rapidly gaining prominence as a class of versatile materials with favourable physical and chemical properties, including high porosity, controllable pore size, flexible design, and diverse functional sites. To endow MOFs with upconversion capability and improve the properties and performance of UCMs, the hybrids integrating UCMs and MOFs are proven to be successful.

Assessing the Performance of Artificial Intelligence Assistance for Prostate MRI: A Two-Center Study Involving Radiologists With Different Experience Levels.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) assistance may enhance radiologists' performance in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) on MRI. Further validation is needed for radiologists with different experiences.

Purpose: To assess the performance of experienced and less-experienced radiologists in detecting csPCa, with and without AI assistance.

First-principle study of two-photon absorption in FeO.

Utilizing the length gauge and the electron density operator, we calculate the two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficient of FeO based on a full ab initio band structure. The pure two-photon interband transitions and those modulated by intraband transitions have been separated explicitly to determine their impact on the 2PA spectrum. A single main absorption peak instead of two will present in the spectrum by including the hybridization of inter- and intra-band transitions, which can be identified easily in future experimental studies.