A Novel Mesoscale Eddy Identification Method Using Enhanced Interpolation and A Posteriori Guidance.

Mesoscale eddies are pivotal oceanographic phenomena affecting marine environments. Accurate and stable identification of these eddies is essential for advancing research on their dynamics and effects. Current methods primarily focus on identifying Cyclonic and Anticyclonic eddies (CE, AE), with anomalous eddy identification often requiring secondary analyses of sea surface height anomalies and eddy center properties, leading to segmented data interpretations.

Tuning the Acid Hardness Nature of Cu Catalyst for Selective Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) in alkaline electrolyte presents a sustainable pathway for energy storage and green ammonia (NH3) synthesis. However, it remains challenging to obtain high activity and selectivity due to the limited protonation and/or desorption processes of key intermediates. Herein, we propose a strategy to regulate the acid hardness nature of Cu catalyst by introducing appropriate modifier.

Newly developed DWI hyperintensities and changes in cerebral blood flow after carotid stent placement for unilateral symptomatic carotid artery stenosis.

This study aimed to evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow and perioperative outcomes in patients with unilateral symptomatic carotid artery stenosis before and after carotid artery stenting (CAS), providing insights to guide surgical decision-making. Ninety-six patients with moderate to severe unilateral symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (>50%) admitted to the Neurology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from June 2023 to April 2024 were included. All patients underwent CAS and magnetic resonance imaging, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and 3D quasi-continuous arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging, within 3 days preoperatively and on the third postoperative day.

A hyperspectral stealth material design method based on the composition and mixing spectral feature of desert soil.

In this study, we used desert soil from Gansu, China, as a sample to propose a method for designing hyperspectral stealth coatings against desert soil backgrounds within the spectral range of 400-2500 nm, and the corresponding coating was prepared. Firstly, the correlation between the composition and typical spectral detected characteristics of the desert soil was systematically analyzed. It was found that the color and the spectrum of the desert soil in the range of 400-1000 nm were influenced by different types of iron oxides.

Anaerobic and aerobic sequential process, a promising strategy for breaking the stagnate of biological reductive dechlorination-TCE bioremediation in the field application.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a common chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminant in soil and groundwater, and reductive dechlorination is a biological remediation. However, the TCE reductive dechlorination often stagnates in the stage of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE) and chloroethylene (VC). Anaerobic/aerobic sequential degradation provides a new approach for the complete detoxification of TCE, while there has been no systematic summary of bacteria, enzymes, and pathways in the synergistic process.

One-Step Image Reconstruction for Cine MRI with a Quadratic Constraint.

Motivation: In cine MRI, the measurements within each timeframe alone are too noisy for image reconstruction. Some information must be 'borrowed' from other time frames and the reconstruction algorithm is a slow iterative procedure.

Goals: We set up a constrained objective function, which uses the measurements at other time frames to regularize the image reconstruction.

Efficacy and mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of osteoarthritis: A scoping review.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the elderly worldwide. It is characterized by local inflammation, which can be targeted therapeutically using natural anti-inflammatory compounds such as curcumin. This scoping review explores the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of curcumin in OA management.

Self-Wrinkling-Induced Mechanically Adaptive Patterned Surface of Photocuring Coating for Abrasion Resistance.

Providing mechanically adaptive performance to surfaces is significant in preserving materials from damage in variable environments, however, it has rarely been studied. Inspired by the mechanically adaptive behaviors of the surface microstructure on the carapace of desert scorpions and bark of desert tamarisks, a self-wrinkled mechanically adaptive patterned surface (SWMAPS) using one-step UV-curing and self-wrinkling technique is reported. Because of the fluorinated polyurethane photo-initiator formed by self-assembly at the top surface, UV-induced photo-crosslinking can spontaneously generate a gradient-crosslinked structure and wrinkled patterns with different morphology.

Long-Term Carotid Plaque Progression and the Role of Intraplaque Hemorrhage: Analysis from Deep Learning-based Longitudinal Vessel Wall Imaging.

Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is a major etiology of stroke. Although intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is known to increase stroke risk and plaque burden, its long-term effects on plaque dynamics remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of IPH on carotid plaque burden progression using deep learning-based segmentation on multi-contrast vessel wall imaging (VWI).

Switching CO-to-Acetate Electroreduction on Cu Atomic Ensembles.

The electrocatalytic reaction pathway is highly dependent on the intrinsic structure of the catalyst. CO/CO electroreduction has recently emerged as a potential approach for obtaining C products, but it is challenging to achieve high selectivity for a single C product. Herein, we develop a Cu atomic ensemble that satisfies the appropriate site distance and coordination environment required for electrocatalytic CO-to-acetate conversion, which shows outstanding overall performance with an acetate Faradaic efficiency of 70.

Design of intelligent human-machine collaborative robot-assisted craniotomy system.

Objectives: To develop an intelligent human-machine collaborative control robot-assisted craniotomy system, and test its efficacy by experiments.

Methods: The system integrated a UR5 robotic arm (Universal Robots, Denmark), a host computer, a double six-degree-of-freedom force sensor(Nanjing Yuli Instrument Co., Ltd.

Biological and clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer non-specific subtype.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer-not otherwise specified (NSCLC-NOS) is a rare subtype of NSCLC that cannot be classified specifically based on morphology and/or special staining. This study aimed to explore the clinical features, biological and pathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of NSCLC-NOS.

Methods: This retrospective study included NSCLC-NOS patients diagnosed and treated between 2010 and 2022.

Denoising complex-valued diffusion MR images using a two-step non-local principal component analysis approach.

Purpose: to propose a two-step non-local principal component analysis (PCA) method and demonstrate its utility for denoising diffusion tensor MRI (DTI) with a few diffusion directions.

Methods: A two-step denoising pipeline was implemented to ensure accurate patch selection even with high noise levels and was coupled with data preprocessing for g-factor normalization and phase stabilization before data denoising with a non-local PCA algorithm. At the heart of our proposed pipeline was the use of a data-driven optimal shrinkage algorithm to manipulate the singular values in a way that would optimally estimate the noise-free signal.

Association of COVID-19 with thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune thyroid disease: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Since the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential roles of thyroid-inflammatory derangements in driving or being associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 remain controversial. We aimed to clarify the association between COVID-19 infection and thyroid dysfunction, and highlight the impacts of subsequent autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) on the prognosis of COVID-19.

Methods: The retrospective, multicenter, cohort study enrolled 2,339 participants with COVID-19 from three hospitals located in the north, middle, and south regions of Shaan Xi Province, China, between December 2022 and July 2023.

Utilizing fly ash from coal-fired power plants to improve the utilization of incineration fly ash resources and reduce toxicity.

Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (raw ash) can be used as an admixture, but it contains much toxic substances and has a negative effect on cement performance. Co-sintering technology has the potential to solve the above problems. When Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and fly ash from coal-fired power plants were co-sintering, the effects on the properties of incineration fly ash and used as an admixture was studied.

Parallel-transmission spatial spectral pulse design with local specific absorption rate control: Demonstration for robust uniform water-selective excitation in the human brain at 7 T.

Purpose: To propose a novel method for parallel-transmission (pTx) spatial-spectral pulse design and demonstrate its utility for robust uniform water-selective excitation (water excitation) across the entire brain.

Theory And Methods: Our design problem is formulated as a magnitude-least-squares minimization with joint RF and k-space optimization under explicit specific-absorption-rate constraints. For improved robustness against off-resonance effects, the spectral component of the excitation target is prescribed to have a water passband and a fat stopband.

Encapsulated mitochondria to reprogram the metabolism of M2-type macrophages for anti-tumor therapy.

M2-type macrophages (M2Φ) play a pro-tumorigenic role and are closely associated with tumor development, where metabolic dysregulation exacerbates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and fosters tumor growth. Mitochondria serve as the regulatory center of cellular metabolism, yet effective methods to modulate M2Φ mitochondria within the tumor microenvironment remain lacking. In this study, we developed a technique utilizing the bio-encapsulation of mitochondria in Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZiF-8), referred to as Mito@ZiF-8.

Upgrading of nitrate to hydrazine through cascading electrocatalytic ammonia production with controllable N-N coupling.

Nitrogen oxides (NO) play important roles in the nitrogen cycle system and serve as renewable nitrogen sources for the synthesis of value-added chemicals driven by clean electricity. However, it is challenging to achieve selective conversion of NO to multi-nitrogen products (e.g.