Bidirectional regulation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon gene pathway and its impact on hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China, and the treatment options are limited. The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) activates the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway as a crucial immune response pathway in the cytoplasm, which detects cytoplasmic DNA to regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. As a potential therapeutic target, cGAS-STING pathway markedly inhibits tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, with its activation being particularly relevant in HCC.

The Versatile Applications of Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based Cavitands.

The advancement of synthetic host-guest chemistry has played a pivotal role in exploring and quantifying weak non-covalent interactions, unraveling the intricacies of molecular recognition in both chemical and biological systems. Macrocycles, particularly calix[4]resorcinarene-based cavitands, have demonstrated significant utility in receptor design, facilitating the creation of intricately organized architectures. Within the realm of macrocycles, these cavitands stand out as privileged scaffolds owing to their synthetic adaptability, excellent topological structures, and unique recognition properties.

Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 plays a critical role in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) by regulating ferroptosis.

NRF2 is an important transcription factor that regulates redox homeostasis and exerts its anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response by binding to the ARE to activate and regulate the transcription of downstream protective protein genes, reducing the release of reactive oxygen species. Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven cell death mode, and recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely associated with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). NRF2 is able to regulate ferroptosis through the regulation of the transcription of its target genes to ameliorate ALI/ARDS.

A guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole functionalized cucurbit[7]uril derivative as a cytomembrane disruptor for synergistic antibacterial therapy.

The antibiotic resistance of bacterial membranes poses a significant threat to global public health, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents and strategies to combat bacterial membranes. In response, we have developed a novel macrocyclic host molecule (GCPCB) based on guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole (GCP) functionalized cucurbit[7]uril with an aggregation-induced luminescence effect. GCPCB exhibits high antimicrobial potency against bacterial membranes, particularly demonstrating strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains of and Gram-negative strains of .

Tenofovir alafenamide versus entecavir in treating patients with chronic hepatitis B: A meta-analysis.

Background: The superiority between TAF and ETV remains unclear. Which is the best choice for patients with CHB? Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TAF and ETV for patients with CHB.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI were searched for eligible studies from inception to January 2024 and a meta-analysis was done.

TPE-embedded butterfly bis-crown ether with controllable conformation and supramolecular chiroptical property.

Understanding how subtle structural differences between macrocyclic conformational isomers impact their properties and separation has garnered increasing attention in the field of supramolecular synthetic chemistry. In this work, a series of tetraphenylene (TPE)-embedded butterfly bis-crown ether macrocycles (BCE[n], n = 4-7), comprising two crown ether side rings and a TPE core, are synthesized through intramolecular McMurry coupling. Unexpectedly, the presence of flexible oligoethylene chains with varying lengths are found to influence molecular conformation via multiple intramolecular interactions, resulting in the formation of two stabilized conformers with specific semi-rigid symmetric/asymmetric structures (sym-BCE[n] and asym-BCE[n], n = 5, 6).

Accumulation of γδT cells in the decidua is promoted by RANKL which upregulates ICAM-1 via NF-κB.

In Brief: The mechanism underlying the accumulation of γδT cells in the decidua, which helps maintain maternal-fetal immunotolerance in early pregnancy, is unknown. This study reveals that DSC-derived RANKL upregulates ICAM-1 expression via the NF-κB pathway to enable γδT cell accumulation in the early decidua.

Abstract: Decidual γδT (dγδT) cells help maintain maternal-fetal immunotolerance in early pregnancy.

ABA functions in low phosphate-induced anthocyanin accumulation through the transcription factor ABI5 in Arabidopsis.

ABI5 functions in ABA-mediated anthocyanin accumulation in plant response to low phosphate. Low phosphate (LP)-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation play an important role in plant adaptive response to phosphate starvation conditions. However, whether and how the stress phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) participates in LP-induced anthocyanin accumulation remain elusive.

Interferon therapy improves survival in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative surgery: a meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: A novel study found interferon enhanced antitumor activity of anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy and played a crucial role in improving efficacy on HCC, but the opposite results about the efficacy of interferon on HBV-related HCC were obtained from previous clinical studies and meta-analyses. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to re-evaluate whether interferon could improve survival and reduce recurrence of patients with HBV-related HCC after curative surgery.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI were searched for eligible studies from inception to November 2022 and a meta-analysis was done.

A cavitand-based supramolecular artificial light-harvesting system with sequential energy transfer for photocatalysis.

A novel artificial light-harvesting system, featuring sequential energy transfer processes, has been successfully constructed, which demonstrated white light emission through a precise adjustment of the donor-acceptor ratio. To better mimic natural photosynthesis, the system is employed as a nanoreactor for the photocatalysis of a cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction in aqueous solution.

Chaperone Mimetic Strategy for Achieving Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence based on Confined Supramolecular Assembly.

The development of organic materials that deliver room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is highly interesting for potential applications such as anticounterfeiting, optoelectronic devices, and bioimaging. Herein, a molecular chaperone strategy for controlling isolated chromophores to achieve high-performance RTP is demonstrated. Systematic experiments coupled with theoretical evidence reveal that the host plays a similar role as a molecular chaperone that anchors the chromophores for limited nonradiative decay and directs the proper conformation of guests for enhanced intersystem crossing through noncovalent interactions.

Gastro‑oesophageal reflux disease in liver cirrhosis: Possible pathogenesis and clinical intervention (Review).

Oesophageal variceal bleeding is a common complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC). Some studies have reported that reflux oesophagitis (RE) is a risk factor for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and greatly impacts the quality of life. However, the frequency and mechanism of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in LC remain unclear.

Identifying priority protection areas of key food resources of the giant panda.

Animals that live in seasonal environments adjust their reproduction cycle to optimize seasonal forage quality. Giant pandas ( ) are seasonal altitudinal migrants that feed on bamboo shoots and leaves with different nutritional quality. However, the importance of bamboo shoots to giant pandas, especially small and isolated populations, is not fully appreciated.

CycC1;1-WRKY75 complex-mediated transcriptional regulation of SOS1 controls salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.

SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE1 (SOS1) is a key component of plant salt tolerance. However, how SOS1 transcription is dynamically regulated in plant response to different salinity conditions remains elusive. Here, we report that C-type Cyclin1;1 (CycC1;1) negatively regulates salt tolerance by interfering with WRKY75-mediated transcriptional activation of SOS1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Immunization effect of recombinant Lactobacillus casei displaying Aeromonas veronii Aha1 with an LTB adjuvant in carp.

Aeromonas veronii is an important aquatic zoonotic, which elicits a range of diseases, such as haemorrhagic septicemia. To develop an effective oral vaccine against Aeromonas veronii infection in carp, the Aeromonas veronii adhesion (Aha1) gene was used as a target molecule to attach to intestinal epithelial cells. Two anchored recombinant.

Dimeric Pillar[5]arene as a Novel Fluorescent Host for Controllable Fabrication of Supramolecular Assemblies and Their Photocatalytic Applications.

A dimeric fluorescent macrocycle m-TPE Di-EtP5 (meso-tetraphenylethylene dimeric ethoxypillar[5]arene) is synthesized based on the meso-functionalized ethoxy pillar[5]arene. Through the connectivity of two pillar[5]arenes by CC double bond, the central tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moiety is simultaneously formed. The resultant bicyclic molecule not only retains the host-guest properties of pillararenes but also introduces the interesting aggregation-induced emission properties inherent in the embedded TPE structure.

p85S6K sustains synaptic GluA1 to ameliorate cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is a serine-threonine kinase that has two main isoforms: p70S6K (70-kDa isoform) and p85S6K (85-kDa isoform). p70S6K, with its upstream mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), has been shown to be involved in learning and memory and participate in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the function of p85S6K has long been neglected due to its high similarity to p70S6k.

Pillar[5]arene Derivatives Embedded with Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens and Their Fluorescence Regulation.

Through McMurry coupling reaction, three meso-position functionalized pillar[5]arene derivatives (H-1, H-2, and H-3) have been successfully prepared by embedding aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens, diphenyldibenzofulvene (DPDBF) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE)) into the skeleton of supramolecular macrocycles. H-1, bearing [1 ]paracyclophane ([1 ]PCP) and DPDBF moiety, exhibits yellow emission and demonstrates obvious AIE effect. In order to further improve the host-guest properties of this type of structure, H-2 and H-3 are prepared by replacing the [1 ]PCP moiety with pillar[5]arene backbone, both of which show significant AIE effect and excellent host-guest complexation properties with pyrazine salt guest G-1 and 1,4-dicyanobutane G-2.

Fecal HBD-2 and Claudin-3 may be potential biomarkers to predict the deterioration of necrotizing enterocolitis: A prospective study.

Background And Purpose: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical gastrointestinal disease. We aim to explore the value of fecal human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2), Claudin-3, high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1), and resistin-like molecule β (Relmβ) as well as some laboratory metrics to predict the deterioration of NEC.

Methods: Infants diagnosed with NEC at Stage II were enrolled in our study.

Serum Relmβ combined with abdominal signs may predict surgical timing in neonates with NEC: A cohort study.

Aims: To examine the predictive value of serum biomarkers combined with other indicators for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) surgery decision-making.

Methods: Clinical data, including baseline information, clinical features, imaging presentation and serum assessment, of the infants enrolled were collected, and the serum concentrations of HBD2, HMGB-1, Claudin-3 and Relmβ were determined. , the , the and logistic regression analysis were used.

Tetraphenylethylene-embedded pillar[5]arene-based orthogonal self-assembly for efficient photocatalysis in water.

Herein, we have designed and fabricated a simple and efficient supramolecular self-assembled nanosystem based on host-guest interactions between water-soluble tetraphenylethylene-embedded pillar[5]arene ( ) and ammonium benzoyl-ʟ-alaninate () in an aqueous medium. The obtained assembly of and showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) via the blocking of intramolecular phenyl-ring rotations and functioned as an ideal donor. After the loading of eosin Y () as acceptor on the surface of the assembly of and , the worm-like nanostructures changed into nanorods, which facilitates a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the and assembled donor to the acceptor present in the nanorod assembly.

Tetraphenylethylene-embedded [1]paracyclophanes: AIEgen and macrocycle merged novel supramolecular hosts used for sensing Ni ions.

Transformation of [1]paracyclophanes ([15]PCP) into fluorophores has been achieved by embedding tetraphenylethene (TPE) units into their skeletons at the -positions. The obtained two hosts demonstrated distinct aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties and their fluorescence could be selectively quenched by Ni ions.

Influence of water-soluble pillararene hosts on Kemp elimination.

Since pillar[5]arene was first discovered in 2008, it has developed into a multifunctional supramolecular host. Its application covers many fields from drug delivery and chemical sensing to the construction of molecular machines, and so on. Supramolecular catalysis based on pillar[]arenes is one of the hot research topics that has emerged in recent years.

Orthogonal Design of Supramolecular Prodrug Vesicles via Water-Soluble Pillar[5]arene and Betulinic Acid Derivative for Dual Chemotherapy.

Supramolecular prodrug vesicles with efficient property for dual chemotherapy have been successfully constructed based on the orthogonal self-assembly between a water-soluble pillar[5]arene host () and a betulinic acid guest () as well as doxorubicin (DOX). Under the acidic microenvironment of cancer cells, both the encapsulated anticancer drug DOX and prodrug can be effectively released from DOX-loaded ⊃ prodrug vesicles for combinational chemotherapy. Furthermore, bioexperiments indicate that DOX-loaded prodrug vesicles can obviously enhance the anticancer efficiency based on the cooperative effect of DOX and , while remarkably reducing the systematic toxicity in tumor-mice, displaying great potential applications in combinational chemotherapy for cancer treatments.