Micro-distribution of arsenic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their interaction in Pteris vittata L.

Interactive effects of inorganic arsenic (As) species and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on their uptake, accumulation and translocation in the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. (P. vittata) were studied hydroponically.

[Spectral Distribution and Pollution Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in the Air of an Office Building Clustered Area].

To evaluate the pollution level, congener distribution, and human exposure of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the atmosphere of Beijing's office buildings, outdoor air samples (particles+gas) were collected from a typical scientific area and PBDEs concentrations were quantified using GC-MS. The results showed that the mass concentrations of PBDEs in the gas phase, PM, and PM were 2.3-78.

[Occurrence Characteristics and Health Risks of PAHs on the Surface of Buildings and Devices in the Coking Plant].

The occurrence characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the surfaces of buildings and devices in a typical coking plant were analyzed with the samples from different functional zones and materials. The health risk of PAHs was also evaluated. The results showed that PAHs concentrations ranged from 8.

[Persulfate Oxidation Effect of Soil Organic Pollutants by Natural Organic Matters].

This study explored the degradation effect and mechanism of persulfate oxidation activated by different macromolecular substances (polysaccharides, humic acid, and citric acid), combined with ferrous ions and different kinds of carbohydrate (monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide). The results showed that the oxidation effects of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by different activation treatments were in the order:humic acid combined with ferrous ion > polysaccharide > citric acid chelated with iron > polysaccharide combined with ferrous ion > disaccharides > monosaccharide > CK. Among them, humic acid combined with ferrous ion-activated persulfate achieved the highest removal rates (up to 79.

[Influence of Arsenate and Phenanthrene on Carbon-groups of L. Roots].

To ascertain absorption of arsenate and phenanthrene as well as their influence on carbon groups in excised roots of L., the chemical structure of the carbon groups in excised roots was characterized by solid stateC-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-NMR). The results showed that the excised roots could effectively absorb As and PHE without transpiration, and PHE promoted As accumulation in the roots.

[Occurrence Characteristics of Pyrene and Arsenate and Their Interaction in Pteris vittata L].

Pteris vittata L. can absorb and accumulate high arsenic levels in soil. To clarify the occurrence characteristics of pyrene (PYR) and arsenate (As) as well as their interaction in P.

[Effects of Soil Moisture on Phytoremediation of As-Containinated Soils Using As-Hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L].

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil moisture on the growth and arsenic uptake of As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. The results showed that the remediation efficiency of As was the highest when the soil moisture was between 35%-45%. P.

[Effect of thermal enhanced soil vapor extraction on benzene removal in different soil textures].

Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of thermal enhanced soil vapor extraction (SVE) on benzene removal from sand, loam and clay and the mechanism. Compared to the routine control treatment, the benzene removal rates were improved by 13. 1% and 12.

[Discussion on several key points of decision support system for remediation of contaminated sites].

The problem of site contamination has become a focus in the environment protection field in the recent years. Decision support system (DSS) for remediation of contaminated sites is used for selecting the optimal remediation technologies and formulating economic and efficient remediation plans based on site investigation and risk assessment. This paper reviewed and analyzed the key steps in the decision-making process, including frames, models and methods.

Environmental risk presented by arsenic contamination of building and facility surfaces in a coking plant.

Arsenic contamination on the surface of buildings and facilities at a coking plant and associated health risk were studied. A total of 94 wipe samples from 56 buildings and facilities were collected, and As concentrations were found to range from 0.01 to 23.

[Accumulation of soil arsenic by Panax notoginseng and its associated health risk].

Panax notoginseng is a valued traditional Chinese medical herb. In this study, the arsenic (As) contamination of soil in P. notoginseng plantation area in Wenshan (Yunnan, China) was investigated; the absorption and accumulation of soil As by the P.

[Chemical oxidants for remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at a coking site].

Different oxidants were evaluated for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from contaminated soils at industrial coking sites with the use of simulating device, and the fate of pollutants during the treatment was investigated. Permanganate showed the highest PAHs removal rate (96.2%) of the oxidants studied.

[Chemical oxidants for remediation of BTEX-contaminated soils at coking sites].

An enclosed reactor was used to evaluate Fenton reagent, modified Fenton reagent, potassium permanganate and activated persulfate for removal of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) from soil at contaminated industrial coking sites. The results showed that Fenton reagent and modified Fenton reagent were the optimum oxidants for removing BTEX, and these oxidants decreased the concentration of BTEX in soils by 83% and 73%, respectively. The proportion of BTEX volatilized from the soil was < 4% in both cases, and the rates of BTEX removal from the whole system were 80% and 71%.

[Comparative study on determinations of BTEX in soils from industrial contaminated sites].

In order to ascertain BTEX measurements of soils from industrial contaminated sites, static headspace, purge-and-trap and solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined gas chromatography were selected to determine BTEX in the soils. This method of SPME could not be used to analyze BTEX isomers in soils from highly contaminated sites because the high concentration of organic contaminants eroded the SPME probe head. The recoveries for added standard ranged from 95.

[Pb pollution on surfaces in a typical coking plant and health risk assessment].

Pb pollution on the surfaces of buildings and devices at a coking plant was studied. The objectives of this study were to determine the Pb content and its spatial variation on the surfaces, and to assess the potential health risk from this Pb. Ninety-four wipe samples were collected from 56 buildings and devices at the coking plant, and their Pb contents were determined.

[Urban industrial contaminated sites: a new issue in the field of environmental remediation in China].

Contamination of urban industrial lands is a new environmental problem in China during the process of upgrade of industrial structure and adjustment of urban layout. It restricts the safe re-use of urban land resources, and threatens the health of surrounding inhabitants. In the paper, the market potential of contaminated-site remediation was known through analysis of spatial distribution of urban industrial sites in China.

[Enhancement of As-accumulation by Pteris vittata L. affected by microorganisms].

A pot experiment was carried out to study the root character and As accumulation of Pteris vittata L. affected by actinomycete PSQ, shf2 and bacteria Ts37, C13. The results indicated that growth of the fern was improved by the microorganisms.

The arsenic hyperaccumulator fern Pteris vittata L.

Arsenic (As) contaminated soils and waters are becoming major global environmental and human health risks. The identification of natural hyperaccumulators of As opens the door for phytoremediation of the arsenic contaminant. Pteris vittata is the first identified naturally evolving As hyperaccumulator.

Leaching potential of arsenic from Pteris vittata L. under field conditions.

Foliar leaching might be an important process in the biogeochemical cycle of elements, but the leaching behaviors of As remain unclear. This study examined As leaching from foliage of an As-hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata L. in the field.

[Concentration and health risk of heavy metals in vegetables and soils in region affected by an ancient tin ore].

To investigate influences of mining activities on heavy metal contamination and health risk in vegetable of mining-affected area, the present study was undertaken as a preliminary survey of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations of majority vegetables and soils in area affected by an ancient tin ore, Yunnan province. Based on the soil heavy metals investigated, average Nemero index of soil heavy metals reach 50.1, showed that vegetable fields were contaminated by heavy metals, especially As: average As concentration of soils could reach 1225 mg x kg(-1).

[Effects of different forms of P fertilizers on phytoremediation for As-contaminated soils using As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L].

Fertilization has become one of the essential measures for enhancing efficiency of phytoremediating contaminated soils with heavy metal. In order to screen optimal P fertilizer for As-phytoremediation, a greenhouse study was conducted on the growth, As-accumulation and uptake of N, P and K by Pteris vittata L. in As-contaminated soils with different forms of P fertilizers.

Arsenic transformation and volatilization during incineration of the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L.

Safe incineration of harvested hyperaccumulators containing high content of heavy metals to avoid secondary environmental pollution is a problem for popularizing phytoremediation technology. The As volatilization behavior and its mechanism during incineration of Pteris vittata, an As-hyperaccumulator, was investigated. Incineration results reveal that 24% of total As accumulated by P.

Selecting appropriate forms of nitrogen fertilizer to enhance soil arsenic removal by Pteris vittata: a new approach in phytoremediation.

Certain plant species have been shown to vigorously accumulate some metals from soil, and thus represent promising and effective remediation alternatives. In order to select the optimum forms of nitrogen (N) fertilizers for the arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata L., to maximize As extraction, five forms of N were added individually to different treatments to study the effect of N forms on As uptake of the plants under soil culture in a greenhouse.

Arsenic uptake and transport of Pteris vittata L. as influenced by phosphate and inorganic arsenic species under sand culture.

In order to understand the similarity or difference of inorganic As species uptake and transport related to phosphorus in As-hyperaccumulator, uptake and transport of arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) were studied using Pteris vittata L. under sand culture. Higher concentrations of phosphate were found to inhibit accumulation of arsenate and arsenite in the fronds of P.

[As-hyperaccumulation of Pteris vittata L. as influenced by as concentrations in soils of contaminated fields].

As soil arsenic concentration might have great effect on arsenic accumulation of hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. , three sample areas with different As pollution level in the soils are investigated in Chenzhou, Hunan Province, where Pteris vittata L. grows broadly.