[Effects of cigarette smoke extract on mitochondrial function of macrophages].

To investigate the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the mitochondrial function of macrophages. RAW264.7 macrophages were used for the experiment in this study.

Earlier flowering did not alter pollen limitation in an early flowering shrub under short-term experimental warming.

In animal pollinated plants, phenological shifts caused by climate change may have important ecological consequences. However, no empirical evidence exists at present on the consequences that flowering phenology shifts have on the strength of pollen limitation under experimental warming. Here, we investigated the effects of experimental warming on flowering phenology, flower density, reproductive success, and pollen limitation intensity in Caragana microphylla and evaluated whether earlier flowering phenology affected plant reproduction and the level of pollen limitation using warmed and unwarmed open top chambers in the Horqin Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia, northern China.

[Photosynthetic Parameters Inversion Algorithm Study Based on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics Curve].

The fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve contains rich information of photosynthesis. It can reflect various information of vegetation, such as, the survival status, the pathological condition and the physiology trends under the stress state. Through the acquisition of algae fluorescence and induced optical signal, the fast phase of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics curve was fitted.

[Determination of chemical rank of three-dimensional fluorescence spectra using mathematical morphology method].

The present paper firstly denoises the signal with morphological method, selecting sine-shaped structure element, using the morphological difference in waveform between the three-dimensional fluorescence and noise signal, then singular value decomposition is applied to the denoised data, and finally the chemical rank is determinated jointing eigenvalues and eigenvectors form singular value decomposition. This paper principally discusses the theory basis of morphological filtering method, firstly simulated data is analysed by morphological filtering method to confirm the necessity and effectiveness of proposed method, then the feasibility and practicability of the proposed method is verified by the determination of components number of phenols mixture three-dimensional fluorescence spectra compared with traditional Monte Carlo method. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is able to estimate the chemical rank correctly.

[Analysis of three-dimensional fluorescence overlapping spectra using nonnegative matrix factorization].

The present paper primarily tests and verifies the effect of NMF in blind source separation of three-dimensional simulative fluorescence spectra, and then four different computational algorithms (multiplicative iterative; alternating least square; second order method; projected gradient algorithm) were used in three practical phenolic compounds (cresol, phenol, thymol) overlapping fluorescence spectra to find out which nonnegatively constrained algorithms is the most efficient for fluorescence spectra unmixing. The experiments demonstrate that four ways have the normalized residuals below 0.06%, and alternating least square (ALS) is the best at both convergence behavior and robustness.

[Study on a new method of fast monitoring toxicity of Cd2+ by algal in water].

Chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis activity fluorescence parameters of Chlorella pyrenoidosa stressed by different concentrations of Cd2+ were measured based on algal growth inhibition tests and photosynthetic activity inhibition tests. The relationship between the algal photosynthetic activity inhibition rate and 96 h inhibition rate of specific growth rate at different Cd2+ stress times was studied by sigmoidal curve fitting and one-way ANOVA analysis. The result shows that S function relevance exists between the algal photosynthetic activity inhibition rates for 48 h, 53 h, 72 h, 77 h and 96 h respectively and 96 h inhibition rate of specific growth rate (R2 > 0.

[The method of phytoplankton photosynthesis activity in-situ measurement based on light induced fluorescence].

According to the phytoplankton fluorescence induction characteristics under different light conditions, chlorophyll fluorescence as a probe for analysis of phytoplankton photosynthesis was studied. The present paper proposed a in-situ measurement method based on the chlorophyll fluorescence values Ft and Fm to get phytoplankton photosynthesis activity, Chlorella vulgaris, microcystis aeruginosa and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kiits were selected as experimental subjects, a comparison test was done between self-developed in-situ measurement system and Water PAM in lab, and the results showed that coefficients between the two methods were 0.9778, 0.

[Measurement and analysis of lead in soil using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy].

The present paper analyzed the characteristics of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) of metal element lead in soil using the NITON XLt793 portable X-ray fluorescence spectra of heavy metal analyzer under laboratory conditions. The characteristic spectral lines of L(alpha) (energy: 10. 55 keV) and L(beta) (energy: 12.