Gene-wide significant association analyses of genetic variants with Parkinson's disease.

DNA methylation plays an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is critical for maintaining DNA methylation in mammals. The link between polymorphisms and PD remains elusive.

Zinc Deficiency Exacerbates Behavioral Impediments and Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration in a Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease.

Background: Circulating zinc (Zn) concentrations are lower than normal in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). It is unknown whether Zn deficiency increases the susceptibility to PD.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary Zn deficiency on behaviors and dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of PD and to explore potential mechanisms.

Fabrication and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin/ Essential Oil Inclusion Complexes: Experimental Design and Molecular Modeling.

Essential oils (EOs) are primarily isolated from medicinal plants and possess various biological properties. However, their low water solubility and volatility substantially limit their application potential. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to improve the solubility and stability of the () EO by forming an inclusion complex (IC) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).

Immunoenhancing Effects of Pentadecapeptide through Modulation of Signaling Pathways in Mice with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression.

Our study aimed to investigate the immune-enhancing mechanism of the pentadecapeptide (RVAPEEHPVEGRYLV) from (SCSP) in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced murine model of immunosuppression. Our results showed that SCSP treatment significantly increased mouse body weight, immune organ indices, and the production of serum IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in CTX-treated mice. In addition, SCSP treatment enhanced the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages, as well as phagocytosis of the latter in a dose-dependent manner.

Autoimmune Disease Associated Variants Convey Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Han Chinese.

CLEC16A is a membrane-associated endosomal protein implicated in regulating autophagy and antigen presentation. Its genetic variants are broadly associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. Parkinson's disease (PD), which undergoes autophagy disruption and neuroinflammation, has been clinically observed, for an extensive amount of time, to be associated with autoimmune diseases.

miR-129-5p Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs and Bone Regeneration via Repressing Dkk3.

Objective: Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in osteogenic differentiation. However, the associated mechanisms remain elusive. This paper is aimed at exploring the role of miR-129-5p in regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation and bone regeneration in vivo and in vitro.

A1 astrocytes contribute to murine depression-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction, which can be alleviated by IL-10 or fluorocitrate treatment.

Background: Astrocytes are crucial regulators in the central nervous system. Abnormal activation of astrocytes contributes to some behavior deficits. However, mechanisms underlying the effects remain unclear.

SOCS1 Regulates the Immunomodulatory Roles of MSCs on B Cells.

Background And Objectives: The effective use of MSCs for the treatment of some B cell-mediated immune diseases is quite limited. The main reason is that the immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on B cells are unclear, and their underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored.

Methods And Results: By co-culturing B cells with MSCs without (MSC/CTLsh) or with suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) knockdown (MSC/SOCS1sh), we found that MSCs inhibited B cell proliferation, activation and terminal differentiation.

Vitamin C Treatment Rescues Prelamin A-Induced Premature Senescence of Subchondral Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Aging is a predominant risk factor for many chronic conditions. Stem cell dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the aging process. Prelamin A, an abnormal processed form of the nuclear lamina protein lamin A, has been reported to trigger premature senescence.

miR-129-5p Regulates the Immunomodulatory Functions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Targeting Stat1 Signaling.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have become one of the most promising stem cell populations for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine and for autoimmune disorders owing to their multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory capacities, respectively. One advantage of ASC-based therapy lies in their immunosuppressive potential. However, how to get ASCs to provide consistent immunosuppression remains unclear.

[Deubiquitinase MYSM1 Regulates Differentiation of Human B Cells to Plasma Cells].

Objective: To study the regulatory effect of deubiquitinase MYSM1 on differentiation of B cells to plasma cells.

Methods: The interfering and overexpression plasmids of MYSM1 were constructed and then the corresponding lentiviruses were packaged. Human CD19 B cells were isolated from human peripheral blood with Miltenyi B cell isolation kit.

CKIP-1 regulates the immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing multipotent cells with immunoregulatory function, which makes them attractive candidates for regenerative medicine. However, the detailed mechanisms of their immunomodulatory capacity are not fully characterized. Here, we found that casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) expression was induced in the murine MSC cell line C3H/10T1/2 by LPS.

Mysm1 epigenetically regulates the immunomodulatory function of adipose-derived stem cells in part by targeting miR-150.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are highly attractive for cell-based therapies in tissue repair and regeneration because they have multilineage differentiation capacity and are immunosuppressive. However, the detailed epigenetic mechanisms of their immunoregulatory capacity are not fully defined. In this study, we found that Mysm1 was induced in ASCs treated with inflammatory cytokines.

Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ-1 space mission.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that gained self-renewal and differentiation capacity similar to embryonic stem cells. Taking the precious opportunity of the TianZhou-1 spacecraft mission, we studied the effect of space microgravity (µg) on the self-renewal capacity of iPSCs. Murine iPSCs carrying pluripotency reporter Oct4-GFP were used.

Deubiquitinase Mysm1 regulates macrophage survival and polarization.

Macrophages play pivotal roles in innate and adaptive immune response, tissue homeostasis and cancer development. Their development and heterogeneity are tightly controlled by epigenetic program and transcription factors. Deubiquitinase Mysm1 plays crucial roles in regulating stem cell maintenance and immune cell development.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Primary Splenic Angiosarcoma: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis from China.

Background/aims: Primary splenic angiosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy originating from endothelial cells with a particularly poor outcome despite radical therapy. Owing to its extremely low incidence, available data for splenic angiosarcoma are limited. The present study aimed to address this limitation by presenting a thorough retrospective analysis of Chinese primary splenic angiosarcoma patients over a 53-year period (1963-2016).

MYSM1 Is Essential for Maintaining Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) Quiescence and Survival.

BACKGROUND Histone H2A deubiquitinase MYSM1 has recently been shown to be essential for hematopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function in both mice and humans. However, conventional MYSM1 knockouts cause partial embryonic lethality and growth retardation, and it is difficult to convincingly remove the effects of environmental factors on HSC differentiation and function. MATERIAL AND METHODS MYSM1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice were efficiently induced by using the Vav1-cre transgenic system.

Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Involved in Skewed Type 2 Immunity of Gastric Diseases Induced by Infection.

induces a complicated local and systematic immune response and contributes to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. A primary type 1 immune response is evoked by since its occurrence. However, it is not unusual that an inhibitory immunity is dominant in -associated diseases, which are promoted by the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment.

PBX1 attributes as a determinant of connexin 32 downregulation in -related gastric carcinogenesis.

Aim: To clarify the mechanisms of connexin 32 (Cx32) downregulation by potential transcriptional factors (TFs) in ()-associated gastric carcinogenesis.

Methods: Approximately 25 specimens at each developmental stage of gastric carcinogenesis [non-atrophic gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric carcinoma (GC)] with infection [ (+)] and 25 normal gastric mucosa (NGM) without infection [ (-)] were collected. After transcriptional factor array analysis, the Cx32 and PBX1 expression levels of -infected tissues from the developmental stages of GC and NGM with no infection were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.

Overexpressed PTOV1 associates with tumorigenesis and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

PTOV1 has been demonstrated to play an extensive role in many types of cancers. This study takes the first step to clarify the potential relationship between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and PTOV1 expression and highlight the link between PTOV1 and the tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PTOV1 expression was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting or immunohistochemical staining in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues, and its paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues.

Weekday of Surgery Affects Postoperative Complications and Long-Term Survival of Chinese Gastric Cancer Patients after Curative Gastrectomy.

Many factors have been reported to affect the long-term survival of gastric carcinoma patients after gastrectomy; the present study took the first attempt to find out the potential role of weekday carried out surgery in the postoperative prognosis of gastric cancer patients. 463 gastric cancer patients have been followed up successfully. Pearson test was used for univariate analyses.

[Establishment of mouse stably knockout of MYSM1 in MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 and its effect on the immune regulation in vitro].

Objective: To aimed at the establishment of mouse stably knockout of MYSM1 mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) line C3H10T1/2, and to investigate its immunological capacity of MSC in vitro.

Methods: To establish the stably transfected MSC cell line by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Then the Flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and Western blot were employed to detect whether the MYSM1 have been knockout yet.

Bilateral blindness with secondary retinitis pigmentosa following postoperative docetaxel and platinum combination chemotherapy in primary small-cell carcinoma of the endometrium: An unusual case report and review of the literature.

Ocular toxicity is an uncommon complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Bilateral blindness with secondary retinitis pigmentosa (RP) following docetaxel and platinum combination chemotherapy at the recommended dose is extremely rare. The present study reports a case of advanced small-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the endometrium in a patient with diabetes mellitus type 2.

[MicroRNA-20a Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of C3H/10T1/2 Cells through Regulating CKIP-1 Expression].

Objective: To investigate the effect of microRNA-20a(MiR-20a) on osteogenic differentiation of mouse C3H/10T1/2 cells and its regulatory mechanism.

Methods: Osteogenic differentiation of C3H/10T1/2 cells were identified by ALP staining and qRT-PCR. MiR-20a mimics and CKIP-1 siRNA were transfected into C3H/10T1/2 cells respectively with lipo3000.

Efficient GSH delivery using PAMAM-GSH into MPP-induced PC12 cellular model for Parkinson's disease.

Glutathione (GSH) depletion has been an important contributor to the dysfunction of dopamine neurons. Polyamidoamine-GSH (PAMAM-GSH) was synthesized and the delivery effect of GSH into PC12 cells was tested. MTT assessment for cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as nitrite oxide (NO) and intracelluar superoxide dismutase (SOD) detection for antioxidative ability were performed.