Modeling and Vibration Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes as Nanomechanical Resonators for Force Sensing.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted considerable attention as nanomechanical resonators because of their exceptional mechanical properties and nanoscale dimensions. In this study, a novel CNT-based probe is proposed as an efficient nanoforce sensing nanomaterial that detects external pressure. The CNT probe was designed to be fixed by clamping tunable outer CNTs.

The Theoretical Study of Kink Deformation in Graphite Based on Differential Geometric Method.

Kink deformation is often observed in materials with laminated layers. Graphite composed of stacked graphene layers has the unique laminated structure of carbon nanomaterials. In this study, we performed the interlayer deformation of graphite under compression using a simulation of molecular dynamics and proposed a differential geometrical method to evaluate the kink deformation.

Theoretical Evaluation of Impact Characteristics of Wavy Graphene Sheets with Disclinations Formed by Origami and Kirigami.

Evaluation of impact characteristics of carbon nanomaterials is very important and helpful for their application in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Furthermore, disclination lattice defects can generate out-of-plane deformation to control the mechanical behavior of carbon nanomaterials. In this study, we design novel stable wavy graphene sheets (GSs) using a technique based on origami and kirigami to control the exchange of carbon atoms and generate appropriate disclinations.

Vibration Control of Diamond Nanothreads by Lattice Defect Introduction for Application in Nanomechanical Sensors.

Carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene sheets (GSs), have been adopted as resonators in vibration-based nanomechanical sensors because of their extremely high stiffness and small size. Diamond nanothreads (DNTs) are a new class of one-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Their structures are similar to that of diamond in that they possess sp3-bonds formed by a covalent interaction between multiple benzene molecules.

Radial breathing mode of carbon nanotubes subjected to axial pressure.

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the radial breathing mode (RBM) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) subjected to axial pressure is presented based on an elastic continuum model. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are described as an individual elastic shell and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) are considered to be two shells coupled through the van der Waals force. The effects of axial pressure, wave numbers and nanotube diameter on the RBM frequency are investigated in detail.

Reference gene selection for normalization of PCR analysis in chicken embryo fibroblast infected with H5N1 AIV.

Chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) are among the most commonly used cells for the study of interactions between chicken hosts and H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV). In this study, the expression of eleven housekeeping genes typically used for the normalization of quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) analysis in mammals were compared in CEFs infected with H5N1 AIV to determine the most reliable reference genes in this system. CEFs cultured from 10-day-old SPF chicken embryos were infected with 100 TCID(50) of H5N1 AIV and harvested at 3, 12, 24 and 30 hours post-infection.