Stimulating the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is beneficial to reduce acrylamide-induced nerve cell damage.

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is an important signaling molecule for cell proliferation and survival. However, the role of SphK1 in acrylamide (ACR)-induced nerve injury remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and potential mechanism of SphK1 in ACR-induced nerve injury.

Efforts to eliminate schistosomiasis in Hubei province, China: 2005-2018.

Background: The Hubei province is one of the most schistosomiasis-epidemic-prone provinces in China. A series of strategies were adopted by the government to curb the rebound schistosomiasis endemic status that has prevailed since the early 2000s. This study aimed to elucidate the trends of schistosomiasis transmission and to appraise the effectiveness of the integrated control strategy in lake and marshland areas.

RBP4 Is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Hyperuricemia-Induced Rats and Patients With Hyperuricemia.

Objective: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is strongly associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (IR). However, the precise molecular mechanism of HUA-induced IR is still unclear. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been shown to induce IR in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

An Intronic Risk SNP rs12454712 for Central Obesity Acts As an Allele-Specific Enhancer To Regulate Expression.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reproducibly associated the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12454712 with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), but the functional role underlying this intronic variant is unknown. Integrative genomic and epigenomic analyses supported rs12454712 as a functional independent variant. We further demonstrated that rs12454712 acted as an allele-specific enhancer regulating expression of its located gene by using dual-luciferase reporter assays and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9.

Multiomics dissection of molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying autoimmune-associated noncoding SNPs.

More than 90% of autoimmune-associated variants are located in noncoding regions, leading to challenges in deciphering the underlying causal roles of functional variants and genes and biological mechanisms. Therefore, to reduce the gap between traditional genetic findings and mechanistic understanding of disease etiologies and clinical drug development, it is important to translate systematically the regulatory mechanisms underlying noncoding variants. Here, we prioritized functional noncoding SNPs with regulatory gene targets associated with 19 autoimmune diseases by incorporating hundreds of immune cell-specific multiomics data.

A urinary metabolomic study from subjects after long-term occupational exposure to low concentration acrylamide using UPLC-QTOF/MS.

Because long-term occupational exposure to low concentrations of acrylamide (ACR) has the potential to cause neurological damage, it is important to identify biomarkers that can be used to evaluate this risk. In the present study, urine metabolomics of the ACR-exposed and non-exposed groups to identify potential metabolites was carried out using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Serum biochemical indexes of the exposed and non-exposed groups were also determined.

Three Chemosensory Proteins Involved in Chemoreception of Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthopera: Acridoidea).

Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are thought to play roles in the insect olfactory system by binding and carrying hydrophobic odorants across the aqueous sensillar lymph. The band-winged grasshopper, Oedaleus asiaticus Bei-Bienko, is one of the most important grasshopper pests in northern China, but there is little information about its olfactory system. In order to investigate the olfactory functions of CSPs in this pest, three CSP genes (OasiCSP4, OasiCSP11 and OasiCSP12) were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the binding affinities of the three recombinant CSP proteins were measured for 16 volatiles from the host plant (Stipa krylovii), fecal material and body of live adult O.

Comparative Analysis of Transcriptome Responses to Cold Stress in Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Galeruca daurica (Joannis) has become a new insect pest in the Inner Mongolia grasslands since 2009, and its larvae and eggs have strong cold tolerance. To get a deeper insight into its molecular mechanisms of cold stress responses, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly for G. daurica by RNA-Seq and compared the transcriptomes of its larvae exposed to five different temperature treatments (-10, -5, 0, 5, and 25°C for 1 h and then recovered at 25°C for 1 h), respectively.

Identification and expression profiling of candidate chemosensory membrane proteins in the band-winged grasshopper, Oedaleus asiaticus.

The band-winged grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) is an important insect pest in north China. Chemosensory membrane proteins are believed to be crucial factors in direct interactions with odorants in the chemosensory process. However, there is much limited information on the chemosensory system in this pest.

[Epidemiologic features and space-time clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2016].

Objective: To investigate the space-time patterns of schistosomiasis after the stage of transmission controlled in Hubei Province, so as to provide the reference for precise controlling.

Methods: The data of human schistosomiasis cases in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2016 and basic information of human schistosomiasis cases and serum antibody titer of human schistosomiasis cases in 2016 were collected and analyzed. The spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis was detected by the Flexible spatial scan statistics and Kulldorff circular scan statistic, respectively.

A whole-body transcriptome analysis and expression profiling of odorant binding protein genes in Oedaleus infernalis.

To investigate the olfactory mechanisms in Oedaleus infernalis, one of important pests of cereals and pasture in the northern China, the whole-body transcriptome was constructed by RNA-Seq in this study. By de novo assembly, a total of 92,476 unigenes were generated in the adult sample, and 32,693 unigenes (35.35%) were successfully annotated by Blastx.

[Study on effect of clinical pathway implementation in advanced schistosomiasis with ascites].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway (CP) on the implementation of advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites.

Methods: Totally 1 129 cases of advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites but without other complications were selected randomly from the Performance Evaluation and Management System for Medical Treatment of Advanced Schistosomiasis Patients in Hubei Province from year 2011 to 2013. Among the patients, 754 cases were treated by CP (CP group), and 375 cases were treated with traditional methods (NCP group), and the hospitalization days, hospitalization expenses, medicine proportions, treatment outcomes and degrees of satisfaction and health knowledge rates of the two groups were compared.

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Plant Bug Lygus pratensis Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae).

Lygus pratensis is a phytophagous pest responsible for yield losses in Bt alfalfa and other economic crops in Northwestern China. To better characterize Miridae at the genomic level, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of L. pratensis was sequenced and analyzed in this study.

Dibromoacetic acid induced Cl.Ly1+2/-9 T-cell apoptosis and activation of MAPKs signaling cascades.

Dibromoacetic acid (DBA), a haloacetic acid by-product of disinfection of drinking water, can cause many adverse effects in test animals, including immunotoxicity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the immunomodulatory effects remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to help in defining some potential mechanisms for this type of toxicity.

Quercetin Attenuates Vascular Calcification through Suppressed Oxidative Stress in Adenine-Induced Chronic Renal Failure Rats.

Background: This study investigated whether quercetin could alleviate vascular calcification in experimental chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine.

Methods: 32 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups fed normal diet, normal diet with quercetin supplementation (25 mg/kg·BW/d), 0.75% adenine diet, or adenine diet with quercetin supplementation.

Increased Chondrocyte Apoptosis in Kashin-Beck Disease and Rats Induced by T-2 Toxin and Selenium Deficiency.

Objective: To investigate chondrocyte apoptosis and the expression of biochemical markers associated with apoptosis in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and in an established T-2 toxin- and selenium (Se) deficiency-induced rat model.

Methods: Cartilages were collected from the hand phalanges of five patients with KBD and five healthy children. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a selenium-deficient diet for 4 weeks prior to T-2 toxin exposure.

Metabolomics analysis of serum from subjects after occupational exposure to acrylamide using UPLC-MS.

Since occupational exposure to acrylamide (ACR) may cause nerve damage, sensitive biomarkers to evaluate the early effects of ACR on human health are needed. In the present study, we have compared a group of individuals with occupational exposure to ACR (contact group, n = 65) with a group of individuals with no exposure (non-contact group, n = 60). Serum metabolomics analysis of the contact and non-contact groups was carried out using ultra performance liquid chromatograph/time of flight mass spectrometry, combined with multivariate analysis, to identify potential metabolites.

[Application of CroelDRAW software in drawing sketch map of schistosomiasis control].

Objective: To improve the information level of schistosomiasis control by using the related functions of CorelDRAW software.

Methods: Combining with the requirement of schistosomiasis control, the sketch map was drawn according to the linear element drawing, the geometric drawing, the color rendering and the text adding.

Results: The schistosomiasis epidemic sketch map and the snail distribution sketch map at all levels were produced in CorelDRAW software.

[Emergency response and effect evaluation on schistosomiasis control in rescue of shipwreck event in Yangtze River].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in"Oriental Star shipwreck event"in Jianli County, Hubei Province, so as to provide experiences for schistosomiasis prevention and control in rescue of emergency in the future.

Methods: According to the data of historical schistosomiasis prevalence and the results of the field survey in the townships in the upstream and downstream of the rescue spots, the emergency handling measures of schistosomiasis control were evaluated. Meanwhile, the snail situation, priority crowd chemotherapy, key aquatic monitoring, and illness monitoring of people and livestock were investigated to evaluate the schistosomiasis control effect after the events comprehensively.

Effects of Temperature on the Termination of Egg Diapause and Post-Diapause Embryonic Development of Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a new pest on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China. It is univoltine and overwinters in the egg stage. Larvae and adults feed on the foliage of Allium plants.

[Evaluation of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 19 counties (cities, districts) of Hubei Province in 2013].

Objective: To evaluate the schistosomiasis transmission control in 19 counties (cities, districts) of Hubei Province in 2013.

Methods: The epidemic villages from different counties were randomly sampled by the cluster sampling method as the evaluation villages. The schistosome infection status of human and livestock, the snail status, the documents and data of schistosomiasis control, acute infection control and health education were investigated in the field.

[Surveillance of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province in 2014].

Objective: To analyze the surveillance results of schistosomiasis and understand the transmission situation in Hubei Province in 2014.

Methods: According to (), 207 endemic sites were selected, where the schistosome infections of residents and livestock, and the distribution of snails were investigated.

Results: In the 207 sites, there were 27 sites without positive results of the blood tests and 129 sites without positive results of the stool tests.