MORF4L2 induces immunosuppressive microenvironment and immunotherapy resistance through GRHL2/MORF4L2/H4K12Ac/CSF1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Although immunotherapy has achieved great progress in advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there are still numerous patients who do not benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, identification of the key molecule that induces immune escape and clarification of its specific mechanism in TNBC are urgently needed.

Methods: In this research, single cell sequencing and bulk sequencing were conducted for biomarker screening.

Observations of the efficacy of the artificial lens cushion plate technique in hard-core cataract surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intraocular lens (IOL) cushion plate technology in reducing corneal endothelial cell loss during hard-core cataract surgery compared with conventional ultrasonic emulsification.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with hard-core cataracts who underwent surgery at our institution from April 2019 to June 2022 were included. The patients were divided into an observation group (IOL cushion plate technology, 38 patients) and a control group (conventional ultrasonic emulsification, 38 patients).

Identification of immune-related prognostic biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a type of breast cancer, lacks immune-related markers that can be used for prognosis or prediction. Therefore, we created a predictive framework for TNBC using a risk assessment.

Methods: Our previous study group consisted of 360 individuals who were diagnosed with TNBC through pathology using RNA sequencing and had clinical data from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC).

Guanosine diphosphate-mannose suppresses homologous recombination repair and potentiates antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis. TNBCs with high homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores benefit from DNA-damaging agents, including platinum drugs and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, whereas those with low HRD scores still lack therapeutic options. Therefore, we sought to exploit metabolic alterations to induce HRD and sensitize DNA-damaging agents in TNBCs with low HRD scores.

CCL19 dendritic cells potentiate clinical benefit of anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: The extensive involvement of dendritic cells (DCs) in immune contexture indicates their potent value in cancer immunotherapy. Understanding DC diversity in patient cohorts may strengthen the clinical benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: Single-cell profiling of breast tumors from two clinical trials was performed to investigate DC heterogeneity.

Copper-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of -acyl ketoximes with 2-aryl malonates for the synthesis of 3-aryl-4-pyrrolin-2-ones.

A copper-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of -acyl ketoximes with 2-aryl malonates for the concise synthesis of 3-aryl-4-pyrrolin-2-ones has been developed. The advantage of this method lies in the use of -acyl oximes as an internal oxidant to generate the nucleophilic enamines and electrophilic -quinone methides concurrently. The subsequent nucleophilic addition undergoes selectively on the α-C of malonates.

Copper-Catalyzed Annulation of -Acyl Oximes with Cyclic 1,3-Diones for the Synthesis of 7,8-Dihydroindolizin-5(6)-ones and Cyclohexanone-Fused Furans.

A copper-catalyzed annulation of -acyl oximes with cyclic 1,3-diones has been developed for the concise synthesis of 7,8-dihydroindolizin-5(6)-ones and cyclohexanone-fused furans through the substituent-controlled selective radical coupling process. 2-Alkyl cyclic 1,3-diones undergo C-C radical coupling, while 2-unsubstituted cyclic 1,3-diones undergo C-O radical coupling.

Synthesis of Stable N-H Imines with a Benzo[7,8]indolizine Core and Benzo[7,8]indolizino[1,2-]quinolines via Copper-Catalyzed Annulation of α,β-Unsaturated -Acyl Ketoximes with Isoquinolinium -Ylides.

A copper-catalyzed annulation of -unsaturated -acyl ketoximes with isoquinolinium -ylides has been developed for the concise synthesis of stable N-H imines with a benzo[7,8]indolizine core. When β-(2-bromoaryl)--unsaturated -acyl ketoximes are used as the starting materials, a cascade cyclization occurs to afford the benzo[7,8]indolizino[1,2-]quinolines.

Combined angiogenesis and PD-1 inhibition for immunomodulatory TNBC: concept exploration and biomarker analysis in the FUTURE-C-Plus trial.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors had a great effect in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, they benefited only a subset of patients, underscoring the need to co-target alternative pathways and select optimal patients. Herein, we investigated patient subpopulations more likely to benefit from immunotherapy and inform more effective combination regimens for TNBC patients.

Methods: We conducted exploratory analyses in the FUSCC cohort to characterize a novel patient selection method and actionable targets for TNBC immunotherapy.

Estimating acceptable exposure time for bioaerosols emission in a wastewater treatment plant by reverse quantitative microbial risk assessment based on various risk benchmarks.

Populations exposed to bioaerosols over time in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) will be infected. Then, the reverse quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) provides a quantitative framework for the estimation of acceptable exposure time to protect people from excessive exposure and then manage their health risk. In this study, the acceptable exposure time for staffs and visiting researchers exposed to S.

Preparation of Reduction-Responsive Camptothecin Nanocapsules by Combining Nanoprecipitation and In Situ Polymerization for Anticancer Therapy.

Stimuli-responsive systems for controlled drug release have been extensively explored in recent years. In this work, we developed a reduction-responsive camptothecin (CPT) nanocapsule (CPT-NC) by combining nanoprecipitation and in situ polymerization using a polymerized surface ligand and a disulfide bond-containing crosslinker. Dissolution rate studies proved that the CPT-NCs have robust drug-release profiles in the presence of glutathione (GSH) owing to the division of the disulfide bond crosslinker which triggers the collapse of the polymer layer.

Network analysis of microRNAs, transcription factors, and target genes involved in axon regeneration.

Axon regeneration is crucial for recovery from neurological diseases. Numerous studies have identified several genes, microRNAs (miRNAs), and transcription factors (TFs) that influence axon regeneration. However, the regulatory networks involved have not been fully elucidated.

Biliary tract external drainage protects against multiple organs injuries of severe acute pancreatitis rats via heme oxygenase-1 upregulation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of biliary tract external drainage (BTED) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats and the relationship with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway.

Methods: Thirty SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 6): sham surgery (SS) group, SAP group, SAP + BTED group, SAP + zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) group, SAP + BTED + ZnPP group. The SAP model was induced via retrograde injection of 4% sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg) into biliopancreatic duct through duodenal wall.

Identification of neuron-related genes for cell therapy of neurological disorders by network analysis.

Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiated into neurons have been widely proposed for use in cell therapy of many neurological disorders. It is therefore important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this differentiation. We screened differentially expressed genes between immature neural tissues and untreated BMSCs to identify the genes responsible for neuronal differentiation from BMSCs.

Effects of light curing modes and ethanol-wet bonding on dentin bonding properties.

Objective: This study explored the effects of different light curing modes and ethanol-wet bonding on dentin bonding strength and durability.

Methods: A total of 54 molars were randomly divided into three groups: Single Bond 2, Gluma Comfort Bond, and N-Bond. Based on the three light-curing modes and presence or absence of ethanol pretreatment, the samples were assigned to six subgroups: high-light mode, ethanol pretreatment+high-light mode, soft-start mode, ethanol pretreatment+soft-start mode, standard mode, and ethanol pretreatment+standard mode.

Evaluation of the Influence of Sulfur-Fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba on the Quality of Si Wu Tang by Chromatographic and Chemometric Analysis.

An accurate and reliable method of high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint combining with multi-ingredient determination was developed and validated to evaluate the influence of sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba on the quality and chemical constituents of Si Wu Tang. Multivariate data analysis including hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, which integrated with high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint and multi-ingredient determination, was employed to evaluate Si Wu Tang in a more objective and scientific way. Interestingly, in this paper, a total of 37 and 36 peaks were marked as common peaks in ten batches of Si Wu Tang containing sun-dried Paeoniae Radix Alba and ten batches of Si Wu Tang containing sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba, respectively, which indicated the changed fingerprint profile of Si Wu Tang when containing sulfur-fumigated herb.

[Identification of Sun-dried and Sulfur-fumigated Chuanxiong Rhizoma by FTIR].

Objective: To evaluate the sulfur-fumigation effects on the chemical constituents of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.

Methods: Alcoholic and aqueous extracts of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples were analyzed by FIIR. FTIR spectra were acquired and disposed by software Omnic 8.

[Establishment and application of HPLC-QAMS for quality evaluation of Chuanxiong Rhizoma].

A quantitative analysis method of multi-components with a single marker (QAMS) for simultaneous determination of six marker compounds (one from phenolic acids and five from phthalides) in Chuanxiong Rhizoma was established by applying HPLC and using butylidenephthalide as the internal reference substance. And also the feasibility and accuracy of the established method for quality evaluation and application of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were investigated and validated. The analysis was performed with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile - 0.

[Influence of sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba on contents of ten indicative components in Guizhi Decoction].

Objective: To investigate the influence of sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba on the contents of main constituents in Guizhi Decoction.

Methods: HPLC was applied to the simultaneous determination and comparative analysis of ten main indicative components in Guizhi Decoction contained sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Radix Alba. The analysis was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (250 mm x 4.

[Quick identification and discrimination of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated cimicifugae rhizoma by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy].

Objective: To develop a method for quick identification of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Cimicifugae Rhizoma by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Methods: The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Cimicifugae Rhizoma were analyzed and compared by FTIR combined with second derivative infrared spectroscopy.

Results: FTIR spectra showed that there were some differences in the positions of infrared absorption peaks and the relative intensities in the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Cimicifugae Rhizoma, and the second derivative IR spectra clearly enhanced the spectral resolution of their differences.

[A new puncture needle with multiple holes for testicular sperm extraction].

Objective: To evaluate a new puncture needle with multiple holes (National Invention Patent of China: ZL 2010202466554) in testicular sperm extraction for infertile males.

Methods: This study included 215 azoospermia patients, who underwent testicular sperm extraction with a new puncture needle with multiple holes (group A, n = 133), by open biopsy (group B, n = 37), or with a fine needle (group C, n = 45).

Results: The first-time success rate was 100% in group A, 19% in B and 100% in C.

Population pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine in Chinese children with epilepsy.

Aim: To establish a population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model for lamotrigine (LTG) in Chinese children with epilepsy in order to formulate an individualized dosage guideline.

Methods: LTG steady-state plasma concentration data from therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) were collected retrospectively from 284 patients, with a total of 404 plasma drug concentrations. LTG concentrations were determined using a HPLC method.

Combined photobacterium toxicity of herbicide mixtures containing one insecticide.

To test whether the dose-addition (DA) model can predict the combined toxicity of the mixtures of herbicides that coexisted with insecticide(s), we selected five herbicides (simetryn, prometon, bromacil, velpar, and diquat) and one organophosphorus insecticide (dichlorvos) as the test components. The inhibition toxicities of the six pesticides as well as those of their mixtures to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 were determined by using the microplate toxicity test procedure.

[Values of tandem mass spectrometry in etiologic diagnosis of cerebral developmental retardation].

Objectives: To investigate the values of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in etiologic diagnosis and understanding therapeutic effect in cerebral developmental retardation, and to help patients in early diagnosis, treatment and favorable prognosis.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight childhood patients with brain heteroplasia were tested from July 2004 to October 2006. The blood was collected on filter paper, punched and extracted into methanol solution with stable isotope labeled internal standards, then derivatized with butanolic-HCl.