Bronchoscopy in some tertiary grade A hospitals in China: two years' development.

Background: Although bronchoscopy has been widely performed in China, little has been known about its current state and development. In order to investigate the clinical application of bronchoscopy and make instructions for future education and development, the Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases conducted postal surveys in both 2008 and 2010 in China.

Method: Questionnaires were sent to 40 tertiary grade A hospitals in 2008 and 58 tertiary grade A hospitals in 2010 to investigate bronchoscopies performed in 2007 and 2009 respectively.

Pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchial aspergillosis: an analysis of 16 cases.

Background: In our clinical practice we have been attracted by a group of patients with airway aspergillosis who have airway obstruction; we termed the condition as pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchial aspergillosis (PNTA). In this study we analyzed the clinical data from patients with PNTA, so as to guide the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Methods: A total of 16 PNTA patients were treated in Changhai Hospital from January 2000 to January 2009.

Pulmonary metastases 12 years after a mastectomy for borderline phyllodes tumor.

Phyllodes tumor is a rare breast tumor. A 45-year-old woman who underwent left mastectomy 12 years ago was found to have infiltrates in both lungs in a health examination. Combining histological examinations of the lung and breast samples, the diagnosis of borderline phyllodes tumor metastases to the lung was made.

Paraneoplastic syndrome mimicking adult-onset Still's disease caused by advanced lung cancer: a case report.

Background: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNSs) are common complications of lung cancer and often develop preceding the diagnosis of primary malignancy. Rheumatologic PNSs mimicking Adult-Onset Still' s Disease (AOSD) is a rare condition with only a limited number of cases reported in the literature, none of which was associated with lung cancer. It is often difficult to differentiate AOSD-like paraneoplasia from coincidental AOSD based on the clinical manifestations.

Swyer-James syndrome with peculiar course and ipsilateral pulmonary vein defect.

Swyer-James syndrome (SJS) is a rare disease probably resulting from bronchiolitis obliterans. The radiological findings of this entity are characterized by hyperlucent appearance of one or more lobes of a unilateral lung, decreased lung volume, diminished ipsilateral hilar shadow and hardly visible arterial structure on chest radiography. We report a 50-year-old patient, who had unilateral right lower lung hyperlucency on chest radiography.

[Therapeutic efficacy analysis of bronchoscopic interventional therapy on severe tuberculous main bronchial stenosis complicated with unilateral atelectasis].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic efficacy of bronchoscopic interventional therapy on severe tuberculous main bronchial stenosis or atresia complicated with unilateral atelectasis.

Methods: Ninety patients with severe tuberculous main bronchial stenosis or atresia complicated with unilateral atelectasis, who had received bronchoscopic interventional therapy, were divided into group A and B according to whether stents had been implanted or not. Patients in group A had been treated with electrocautery, balloon dilatation and cryotherapy.

Dexamethasone protects airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292 against lipopolysaccharide induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis.

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. In a recent study, it was reported that the ER stress pathway was activated in the lungs of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. It was also found that the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), an apoptosis-related molecule, played a key role in LPS-induced lung damage.

[Causes of benign central airway stenoses and the efficacy of interventional treatments through flexible bronchoscopy].

Objective: To analyze the causes of benign central airway stenoses and to evaluate the efficacy of interventional treatments through flexible bronchoscopy.

Methods: Three hundred and eighty-six outpatients and inpatients with benign central airway stenoses in our hospital from January 1999 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Interventional treatments through flexible bronchoscopy were used to treat the benign central airway stenoses.

[Identification and bronchoscopic management of broncholithiasis].

Objective: To report the diagnostic experience for broncholithiasis, and to evaluate the value of flexible bronchoscopic management for the disease.

Methods: The clinical data, radiological features, bronchoscopy findings, the effect and complications of bronchoscopic management in 31 patients with broncholithiasis admitted to changhai hospital of second military medical university and zhejiang Taizhou Hospital between 2000 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: There were 19 men and 12 women, the mean age was 58.

[Clinical features of endotracheal/endobronchial metastases: analysis of 62 cases].

Objective: To describe the clinical presentations, diagnosis and treatment of endotracheal/endobronchial metastases (EEM).

Methods: Retrospective and follow-up analyses were conducted for 62 cases of bronchoscopically confirmed EEM. Clinical staging, location in the tracheobronchial tree, the number of lesions, treatment and prognosis were analyzed.

[Clinical features and treatment of relapsing polychondritis with involvement of the respiratory tract-report of thirteen cases].

Objective: To describe the clinical features and treatment of relapsing polychondritis with involvement of the respiratory tract.

Method: Thirteen cases (admitted from Aug 2000 to Oct 2006) of relapsing polychondritis with involvement of the respiratory tract treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: There were 9 males and 4 females, with ages ranging from 30 to 61 years (mean 50 years).

[Amiodarone pneumonitis with Hypermastigote lung infection: a case report and review of the literatures].

Objective: To describe the clinical features of amiodarone pneumonitis with Hypermastigote lung infection.

Methods: Case report and review of the related literatures. The clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, radiographic patterns, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of amiodarone pneumonitis with Hypermastigote lung infection were described.

[Restenosis and its management after metallic stents implantation in benign tracheal and main bronchial stenosis].

Objective: To observe the occurrence of restenosis after metallic stents implantation in benign tracheal and main bronchial stenosis, and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of balloon dilatation, cryotherapy and electrocautery.

Methods: Thirty patients with benign tracheal stenosis and 35 patients with main bronchial stenosis caused by tuberculosis were treated with metallic stents implantation and a follow-up was carried out to observe the occurrence of restenosis. Combined balloon dilatation, cryotherapy and electrocautery were used to manage the restenosis.

[Relationship of plasma homocysteine and folic acid levels and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutation with venous thromboembolism].

Objective: To investigate the association between concentrations of plasma homocysteine and folic acid, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C667T mutation and venous thromboembolism (VTE) and to analyze the effect of MTHFR C667T mutation on concentrations of plasma homocysteine and folic acid.

Methods: In 58 patients with VTE and 58 sex and age matched controls, epidemiological risk factors were surveyed. The concentration of plasma homocysteine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and the concentration of plasma folic acid was measured by radioimmunoassay.

[Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. a case report and review of the literature].

Objective: To describe the clinical features of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Methods: With a case report and review of the related literatures, the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management and prognosis of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma were described.

Results: The etiology of this rare disease remains unknown.