Serum HDL-C levels in children with epilepsy: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the difference in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between children with epilepsy and healthy children and to assess its potential influencing factors.

Methods: For comparison, we retrospectively collected data on 1,002 children with epilepsy who visited the Department of Neurology at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Additionally, we included 127 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital's Health Examination Center.

Novel Insights into the Control of in Grain by Chitosan-Nanoparticle-Contained ds.

is a highly destructive pest of stored grains worldwide. To develop novel RNA insecticides, the double-stranded RNA of cytochrome c oxidase (dss: dsI, dsII, and dsIII) was successfully expressed in the pET28a-BL21(DE3)-RNaseIII system and remarkably downregulated the expression level of s in through injection or feeding methods, leading to high mortalities in both larvae and adults. Under their optimal expression conditions (isopropyl β-d-thiogalactoside, 0.

Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) was initially reported by De Vivo and colleagues in 1991. This disease arises from mutations in the SLC2A1 and presents with a broad clinical spectrum. It is a treatable neuro-metabolic condition, where prompt diagnosis and initiation of ketogenic dietary therapy can markedly enhance the prognosis.

genotype and sodium channel blockers in lacosamide-treated children with epilepsy: two major determinants of trough lacosamide concentration or clinical response.

Background: The widespread clinical use of lacosamide (LCM) has revealed significant individual differences in clinical response, with various reported influencing factors. However, it remains unclear how genetic factors related to the disposition and clinical response of LCM, as well as drug-drug interactions (DDIs), exert their influence on pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of genetic variations and DDIs on plasma LCM concentrations and clinical response.

Effectiveness and safety of mono- and add-on perampanel in pediatric patients with epilepsy: Experience from a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of perampanel (PER) monotherapy (MT) or add-on therapy (AT) in Chinese children with epilepsy, as well as to evaluate the data from routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PER for these pediatric patients.

Methods: This retrospective and observational study was carried out on children with epilepsy (n = 340) from 2020 to 2022 at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Outcome measures were the responder rate (50% or greater seizure reduction), long-term efficacy, and tolerability (number and types of adverse events) in MT and AT groups.

Keratin 17 Impacts Global Gene Expression and Controls G2/M Cell Cycle Transition in Ionizing Radiation-Induced Skin Damage.

Keratin 17 (K17) is a cytoskeletal protein that is part of the intermediate filaments in epidermal keratinocytes. In K17 mice, ionizing radiation induced more severe hair follicle damage, whereas the epidermal inflammatory response was attenuated compared with that in wild-type mice. Both p53 and K17 have a major impact on global gene expression because over 70% of the differentially expressed genes in the skin of wild-type mice showed no expression change in p53 or K17 skin after ionizing radiation.

mutation of ()related early-onset progressive encephalopathy with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy-1: A case report.

Background: Early-onset progressive encephalopathy with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy-1 (PEBEL1) is a rare autosomal recessive severe neurometabolic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic pathogenicity of PEBEL1 caused by rare (or )-related defects.

Case Summary: The patient was a girl aged 2 years and 10 mo.

Rapid determination of plasma vigabatrin by LC-ESI-MS/MS supporting therapeutic drug monitoring in children with infantile spasms.

Vigabatrin is one of the second-generation anti-seizure medications (ASMs) designated orphan drugs by the FDA for monotherapy for pediatric patients with infantile spasms from 1 month to 2 years of age. Vigabatrin is also indicated as the adjunctive therapy for adults and pediatric patients 10 years of age and older with refractory complex partial seizures. Ideally, the vigabatrin treatment entails achieving complete seizure freedom without significant adverse effects, and the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) will make a significant contribution to this aim, which provides a pragmatic approach to such epilepsy care in that the dose tailoring can be undertaken for uncontrollable seizures and in cases of clinical toxicity guided by the drug concentrations.

Integrating metabolomics and lipidomics revealed a decrease in plasma fatty acids but an increase in triglycerides in children with drug-refractory epilepsy.

Objective: The drug-refractory epilepsy (DRE) in children is commonly observed but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We examined whether fatty acids (FAs) and lipids are potentially associated with the pharmacoresistance to valproic acid (VPA) therapy.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from pediatric patients collected between May 2019 and December 2019 at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.

Therapeutic drug monitoring of perampanel in children diagnosed with epilepsy: Focus on influencing factors on the plasma concentration-to-dose ratio.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of perampanel (PER) therapy and to optimize a specific plasma reference range for PER in children. Another major aim was to evaluate the potential determinators of PER concentration.

Methods: Concentrations obtained from 80 children were analyzed for routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) between 2021 and 2022.

Plasma lacosamide monitoring in children with epilepsy: Focus on reference therapeutic range and influencing factors.

Background: Lacosamide (LCM) is a newer anti-seizure medication (ASM) that was approved in China in 2018, but its real-world clinical data and plasma concentrations in Chinese children with epilepsy are very limited. Of note, the reference range for routine LCM therapeutic drug monitoring is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of LCM as a monotherapy or an adjunctive treatment with other ASMs and to evaluate the potential factors affecting its efficacy and variable LCM plasma concentrations in Chinese children with epilepsy.

Integrated strategy of RNA-sequencing and network pharmacology for exploring the protective mechanism of Shen-Shi-Jiang-Zhuo formula in rat with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Context: Shen-Shi-Jiang-Zhuo formula (SSJZF) exhibits a definite curative effect in the clinical treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of SSJZF on NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, NAFLD, positive drug (12 mg/kg/day), SSJZF high-dose (200 mg/kg/day), SSJZF middle-dose (100 mg/kg/day), and SSJZF low-dose (50 mg/kg/day) groups.

Association between serum vitamin D status and the anti-seizure treatment in Chinese children with epilepsy.

Objective: To compare the serum 25-OH-VitD levels, the major marker of vitamin D (VitD) status, between healthy children and children with epilepsy before initiation of and during anti-seizure medications (ASMs) treatment and to evaluate the potential influence factors on 25-OH-VitD levels. Another major aim was to assess the potential role of VitD supplementation.

Methods: For comparison, we finally enrolled and collected data from 6,338 healthy children presenting to Health Care Department and 648 children visiting primary care pediatricians with symptoms of epilepsy in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to June 2021.

An LC-ESI-MS/MS assay for the therapeutic drug monitoring of 15 antiseizure medications in plasma of children with epilepsy.

Oral antiseizure medications are the preferred option for the clinical treatment of epilepsy. Therapeutic drug monitoring has become an important means of achieving individualized treatment of epilepsy. A sensitive, accurate and rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 15 antiseizure medications in human plasma (carbamazepine, gabapentin, pregabalin, phenytoin, zonisamide, oxcarbazepine, tiagabine, lamotrigine, topiramate, phenobarbital, lacosamide, primidone, 10,11-Dihydro-10-hydroxy carbamazepine, ethosuximide, and levetiracetam).

Effect of long-term valproic acid therapy on lipid profiles in paediatric patients with epilepsy: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Despite the potential role of valproic acid (VPA) in weight gain, the effects of VPA therapy on lipid profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to review the influence of VPA therapy on serum lipid profiles in children with epilepsy.

Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted on data from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases.

Neurocognitive deficits and sequelae following severe hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2009 to 2017, in JiangSu Province, China: a long-term follow-up study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term sequelae and cognitive profiles resulting from severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement.

Methods: 294 HFMD cases were included in a retrospective follow-up study. Physical examinations were conducted.

Switching Between LC-ESI-MS/MS and EMIT Methods for Routine TDM of Valproic Acid in Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy: What Clinicians and Researchers Need to Know.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used antiseizure medication and its dosing needs to be tailored individually through therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to avoid or prevent toxicity. Currently, immune-enzymatic assays such as Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique (EMIT), and Liquid Chromatography (LC)-based techniques, particularly coupled to Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), resulting a potential lack of concordance between laboratories. In this study, plasma VPA concentrations were determined for 711 pediatric patients with epilepsy by a routine EMIT assay and by a validated in-house LC-ESI-MS/MS method on the same group of samples, aimed to address the aforementioned concern.

Effects of RNAi-mediated plasma membrane calcium transporting ATPase and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor gene silencing on the susceptibility of Mythimna separata to wilforine.

Wilforine, a compound of sesquiterpene alkaloids isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits excellent insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata. In order to clarify the action mechanism of wilforine, the plasma membrane calcium transporting ATPase (PMCA) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IPR) from M. separata were studied.

PPIP5K2 promotes colorectal carcinoma pathogenesis through facilitating DNA homologous recombination repair.

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer worldwide. Therapies that take advantage of DNA repair defects have been explored in various tumors but not yet systematically in CRC. Here, we found that Diphosphoinositol Pentakisphosphate Kinase 2 (PPIP5K2), an inositol pyrophosphate kinase, was highly expressed in CRC and associated with a poor prognosis of CRC patients.

Genetic and Non-genetic Factors Contributing to the Significant Variation in the Plasma Trough Concentration-to-Dose Ratio of Valproic Acid in Children With Epilepsy.

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential genetic and non-genetic factors contributing to plasma trough concentration-to-dose ( /) ratio of valproic acid (VPA) in pediatric patients with epilepsy. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was performed by collecting data from 194 children aged 1-14 years between May 2018 and November 2018. The oral solution ( = 135) group and the sustained-release (SR) tablet group ( = 59) were defined, and the plasma VPA was measured.

SIRT7 activates p53 by enhancing PCAF-mediated MDM2 degradation to arrest the cell cycle.

Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), an NAD-dependent deacetylase, plays vital roles in energy sensing, but the underlying mechanisms of action remain less clear. Here, we report that SIRT7 is required for p53-dependent cell-cycle arrest during glucose deprivation. We show that SIRT7 directly interacts with p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) and the affinity for this interaction increases during glucose deprivation.

Efficacy of binary combinations between methyl salicylate and carvacrol against thrips Anaphothrips obscurus: laboratory and field trials.

Background: Thrips Anaphothrips obscurus are one of the cosmopolitan major pests feeding on cereals and other grasses. In order to develop alternatives of chemical insecticides for thrips control, based on fumigant activity screening and evaluation of 22 essential oil (EO) compounds against the thrips, the binary interactions of methyl salicylate and carvacrol (MS-C) with high fumigant toxicity were studied systematically by bioassay and field trials.

Results: The bioassay results showed that six in 22 EO compounds had high fumigant toxicity against both the second-instar nymphs and adults of A.

Valproate decreases vitamin D levels in pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Purpose: To compare Vitamin D (Vit D) levels in children with epilepsy on valproate monotherapy with healthy controls.

Methods: A meta-analysis performed on articles identified from PubMed and Web of Science online databases evaluated using National Institute of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Quality Assessment Tools. Subgroup analyses and publication bias assessments were also performed.

Valproic Acid and the Liver Injury in Patients with Epilepsy: An Update.

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) as a widely used primary medication in the treatment of epilepsy is associated with reversible or irreversible hepatotoxicity. Long-term VPA therapy is also related to increased risk for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review, metabolic elimination pathways of VPA in the liver and underlying mechanisms of VPA-induced hepatotoxicity are discussed.

Three and Six Months of Ketogenic Diet for Intractable Childhood Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has been an effective antiepileptic treatment for intractable childhood epilepsy. The appropriate timing to evaluate the effect of KD is 3 months which is still not defined statistically. Therefore, we aim to realistically assess whether spasm remission during the period of 3 months KD can be a prediction index for the therapeutic effect of 6 months treatment.