Contrast-enhanced US to Improve Diagnostic Performance of O-RADS US Risk Stratification System for Malignancy.

Background The Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) has limited specificity for malignancy. Contrast-enhanced US can help distinguish malignant from benign lesions, but its added value to O-RADS has not yet been assessed. Purpose To establish a diagnostic model combining O-RADS and contrast-enhanced US and to validate whether O-RADS plus contrast-enhanced US has a better diagnostic performance than O-RADS alone.

Exosome-mediated aptamer S58 reduces fibrosis in a rat glaucoma filtration surgery model.

Aim: To confirm whether exosome-mediated delivery of aptamer S58 (Exo-S58) has a better antifibrotic effect than naked S58 in human conjunctival fibroblasts (HConFs) and a rat glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) model.

Methods: To enhance the effective reaction time of aptamer S58 , we loaded aptamer S58 into exosomes derived from HEK293T cells by PEI transfection to determine the effect of Exo-S58 in HConFs and a rat GFS model.

Results: Exo-S58 can significantly reduce cell proliferation, migration and fibrosis in TGF-β2-induced HConFs.

Anticancer activity of ruthenium(II) plumbagin complexes with polypyridyl as ancillary ligands via inhibiting energy metabolism and GADD45A-mediated cell cycle arrest.

To study the antitumor activity and action mechanism of Ru(II) polypyridyl plumbagin (PLN) complexes, four complexes [Ru(PLN)(DMSO)]Cl (Ru1), [Ru(bpy)(PLN)](PF) (bpy is bipyridine) (Ru2), [Ru(phen)(PLN)](PF) (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) (Ru3), and [Ru(DIP)(PLN)](PF) (DIP is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) (Ru4) were obtained and fully characterized. Lipophilicity, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of these Ru(II) complexes are in the order of: Ru1 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake, Acceptance, and Hesitancy Among Persons With Mental Disorders During the Second Stage of China's Nationwide Vaccine Rollout.

Persons with mental disorders (PwMDs) are a priority group for COVID-19 vaccination, but empirical data on PwMDs' vaccine uptake and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines are lacking. This study examined the uptake, acceptance, and hesitancy associated with COVID-19 vaccines among Chinese PwMDs during China's nationwide vaccine rollout. In total, 906 adult PwMDs were consecutively recruited from a large psychiatric hospital in Wuhan, China, and administered a self-report questionnaire, which comprised standardized questions regarding sociodemographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, and psychopathology.

Synthesis, structural characterization and antitumor activity of six rare earth metal complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

The rare earth metal Gd(III), Yb(III), Lu(III), Eu(III), Tb(III) and Ho(III) complexes 1-6 with 2-((2-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)quinolin-8-ol (H-L) as ligands were synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay indicated that the cytotoxicity of 1 was equivalent to cisplatin and higher than that of H-L and other complexes towards T24 tumor cells. The mechanism study indicated that 1 caused significant up-regulation of the proteins p27, p21 and p53 in T24 cells and cell cycle arrest in G2 phase.

Recent Advances in Asialoglycoprotein Receptor and Glycyrrhetinic Acid Receptor-Mediated and/or pH-Responsive Hepatocellular Carcinoma- Targeted Drug Delivery.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously affects human health, especially, it easily develops multi-drug resistance (MDR) which results in treatment failure. There is an urgent need to develop highly effective and low-toxicity therapeutic agents to treat HCC and to overcome its MDR. Targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) for cancer therapy, including nanoparticles, lipids, micelles and liposomes, have been studied for decades.

Prevalence of prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers: A comprehensive meta-analysis of observational surveys.

Background: Increasing attention has been paid to maternal prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms (depression thereafter), but little is known about the prevalence of paternal prenatal and postpartum depression. To fill this gap, the current study meta-analyzed the worldwide prevalence of prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers.

Methods: Studies that reported paternal depression occurring between the first trimester and the first postpartum year were identified by searching both international (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and EMBASE) and Chinese (WanFang and CNKI) databases between their inception date and July 1, 2018.

Dual-response detection of Ni and Cu ions by a pyrazolopyrimidine-based fluorescent sensor and the application of this sensor in bioimaging.

Herein, a dual-response fluorescent sensor, L, based on pyrazolopyrimidine was designed and developed for the simultaneous detection of Ni and Cu ions in the presence of other metal ions; the structural characterization of L was carried out by FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, HRMS and X-ray diffraction analysis. The sensor L effectively displayed fluorescence quenching towards the Ni and Cu ions with high sensitivity without interference from other metal ions. The results reveal that L binds to Ni and Cu in a 2 : 1 pattern, which matches well with the result of the Job's plot.

MicroRNA-527 inhibits TGF-β/SMAD induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via downregulating SULF2 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objective: To explore the potential mechanism which miR-527 targeting the heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase (SULF2) regulates TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: 38 pairs of lung tumor biopsies and corresponding paracancerous biopsies were obtained from NSCLC patients with surgical resection, normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells and five NSCLS cell lines were applied for our study. miR-527 and SULF2 expression were determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Adjunctive minocycline for major mental disorders: A systematic review.

Objectives: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examined the efficacy and safety of minocycline for three major mental disorders: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: A systematic literature search of major electronic databases was conducted. Meta-analysis of clinical efficacy as defined by the respective studies, all-cause discontinuation, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) with standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) was conducted using random-effects model.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 and human digestive system neoplasms.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (eIF5A2), as one of the two isoforms in the family, is reported to be a novel oncogenic protein that is involved in multiple aspects of many types of human cancer. Overexpression or gene amplification of has been demonstrated in many cancers. Accumulated evidence shows that eIF5A2 initiates tumor formation, enhances cancer cell growth, increases cancer cell metastasis, and promotes treatment resistance through multiple means, including inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cytoskeletal rearrangement, angiogenesis, and metabolic reprogramming.

Adjunctive memantine for major mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind controlled trials.

Objective: As a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, memantine has been used to treat major mental disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder (MDD). This meta-analysis systematically investigated the effectiveness and tolerability of adjunctive memantine for patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and MDD.

Methods: Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified and included in the study.

Adjunctive ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Adjunctive ketamine with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been investigated for treating major depressive disorder (MDD), but the findings have been inconsistent.

Aim: This is an updated meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of ketamine augmentation of ECT in the treatment of MDD.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on the efficacy and safety of ketamine and ECT were identified and analyzed.

Adjunctive Peony-Glycyrrhiza decoction for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Hyperprolactinaemia is a common adverse effect of antipsychotics (APs). The results of Peony-Glycyrrhiza decoction (PGD) as a potentially useful adjunctive treatment for hyperprolactinaemia are inconsistent.

Aim: This meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examined the efficacy and safety of adjunctive PGD therapy for AP-induced hyperprolactinaemia.

Adjunctive intranasal oxytocin for schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.

Objective: Findings on the efficacy of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) in schizophrenia have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examined the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive IN-OT in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Methods: Standardized mean differences or risk ratios (SMDs or RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to synthesize the results of studies included in the meta-analysis.

Electroconvulsive therapy for older adult patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been widely used in treating older adult patients with major depressive disorder. The results of randomized controlled trials (RCT) are mixed. This study systematically examined the efficacy and safety of ECT versus antidepressants (AD) in older adult patients with major depressive disorder.

Serum IL-6, IL-23 profile and Treg/Th17 peripheral cell populations in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

IL-6 and IL-23 are both pleiotropic cytokines involved in the regulation of the immune response, inflammation, and hematopoeisis. They also could mediate effector cells and tolerance mediated by cells with regulatory function. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a reduced ratio of Treg cells ato Th17 effector cells in peripheral blood and is characterised by a pro-inflammatory cytokine microenvironment which supports the continued generation of Th17 cells.

Adjunctive raloxifene for postmenopausal women with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.

Objective: Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been used in treating postmenopausal women with schizophrenia with inconsistent results. This meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) examined its efficacy and safety for postmenopausal women with schizophrenia.

Method: Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratio (RR) together with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random effects model.

Association between schizophrenia and violence among Chinese female offenders.

Little is known about the association between schizophrenia and violence in women in China. This study aimed to examine the association between schizophrenia and violence in Chinese female offenders. Fifty-two schizophrenia patients were identified from the female offenders who received forensic psychiatric assessments in 2011 in Hunan province, China.

Prevalence of borderline personality disorder and its risk factors in female prison inmates in China.

High prevalence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been found in Western prisons but no such data exists in China. The objective of this study was to determine the lifetime prevalence of BPD in Chinese female prison inmates and its associated risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hunan Provincial Female Prison.

Association between DBH 19bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and cognition in schizophrenia with and without tardive dyskinesia.

Long-term antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia is associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia (TD), which is involved in increased cognitive impairment. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene associated with dopamine and norepinephrine systems influences cognition. Schizophrenia with TD have higher DBH activity than those without TD.

Comparison of phacotrabeculectomy and sequential surgery in the treatment of chronic angle-closure glaucoma coexisted with cataract.

Aim: To compare the safety and effectiveness of phacotrabeculectomy versus sequential surgery in chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) with coexisting cataract.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-two CACG patients (162 eyes) were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 87 patients (87 eyes) in group A had underwent phacotrabeculectomy with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and 75 patients (75 eyes) in group B had underwent sequential surgery with IOL implanted.