Efficacy of Huaiqihuang granules as adjuvant therapy for bronchial asthma in children: a real-world study.

Objectives: To study the efficacy of Huaiqihuang granules as adjuvant therapy for bronchial asthma in children.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective, and registered real-world study was performed for the children, aged 2-5 years, who had a confirmed diagnosis of bronchial asthma in the outpatient service of 21 hospitals in China. Among these children, the children treated with medications for long-term asthma control (inhaled corticosteroid and/or leukotriene receptor antagonist) without Huaiqihuang granules were enrolled as the control treatment group, and those treated with medications for long-term asthma control combined with Huaiqihuang granules were enrolled as the combined treatment group.

Tanshinone IIA Combined With Cyclosporine A Alleviates Lung Apoptosis Induced by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Obese Rats.

Acute lung injury (ALI), which is induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR), is one of the leading causes of acute renal IR-related death. Obesity raises the frequency and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) and ALI. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) combined with cyclosporine A (CsA) was employed to lessen the lung apoptosis led by renal IR and to evaluate whether TIIA combined with CsA could alleviate lung apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial function through the PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats.

[Characteristics of Two Pollution Episodes Before and After City Heating in Beijing from February to March of 2019].

The characteristics of meteorological conditions and pollutant concentrations were analyzed based on two pollution episodes before and after city heating in Beijing during February to March of 2019. The backward trajectory and WRF-CAMx models were used to analyze the evolution of pollutants before and after city heating, and the influences of meteorological conditions, regional transport, and secondary transformation on the episodes were discussed. There was little difference in the average (PM) between February 21-24 (episode 1) and March 18-20 (episode 2), with concentrations of 100.

[Differences in Pollution Characteristics Under the Southerly and Easterly Wind in Beijing].

In this study, the hourly meteorological factors and PM concentrations during 2014-2019 in Beijing were analyzed, in order to explore the characteristics of the prevailing wind direction of pollution, and the corresponding long-term tendency. During the study period, 67% of pollution in Beijing occurred under the influence of southerly and easterly wind, and pollution was most likely to occur in winter, followed by spring and autumn. The average pollution probability of winter, spring, autumn and summer was 45.

Iridium-catalyzed -selective carbon-hydrogen amidation of benzamides with sulfonyl azides in ionic liquid.

An efficient and convenient iridium(iii) catalyzed -C-H bond amidation of weakly coordinating benzamides treated with readily available sulfonyl azides as the amino source has been described. In this transformation, ionic liquids represents an ideal reaction medium, giving rise to a broad range of amidation products under mild conditions in the open air. This protocol offers moderate to excellent chemical yields, exclusive regioselectivities, and good functional group tolerance.

Diagnostic performance of two specific schistosoma japonicum immunological tests for screening schistosoma haematobium in school children in Zambia.

Dipstick Dye Immunoassay (DDIA) and Indirect Haemagglutination Assay (IHA), are two commercially available kits which have been widely used for screening Schistosoma japonicum in P.R. China.

[Contribution Assessment of Meteorology Conditions and Emission Change for Air Quality Improvement in Beijing During 2014-2017].

During 2014-2017, the number of haze days and air pollution days declined year by year obviously in Beijing. The average mass concentrations of PM, PM, SO, and NO also decreased with the alleviated pollution level. These decreases were more obvious during the heating period, especially in November and December.

[Investigation on endemic situation of schistosomiasis in infection-controlled regions in Anhui Province].

Objective: To understand the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in 27 counties (cities, districts) that reached the criteria of schistosomiasis infection controlled in Anhui Province.

Methods: According to the requirement of The National Assessment Scheme of Schistosomiasis, 81 administrative villages where the schistosomiasis epidemic situation was relatively heaver in above-mentioned 27 counties (1 village per town, 3 towns per county) were sampled and investigated.

Results: From 2012 to 2014, 81 villages were investigated, and 34,293 residents received the serum examinations, and 1,086 were positive with a positive rate of 3.

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan and helminth infections among pulmonary tuberculosis patients without HIV infection in a rural county in P. R. China.

Although co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and intestinal parasites, including protozoa and helminths, in humans has been widely studied globally, very little of this phenomenon is known in China. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural county of China to investigate such co-infections. Patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) undergoing anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (anti-MTB) treatment were surveyed by questionnaires, and their feces and blood specimens were collected for detection of intestinal protozoa and helminths, routine blood examination and HIV detection.

Intestinal parasite co-infection among pulmonary tuberculosis cases without human immunodeficiency virus infection in a rural county in China.

Epidemiologic studies of co-infection with tuberculosis (TB) and intestinal parasites in humans have not been extensively investigated in China. A cross-section study was conducted in a rural county of Henan Province, China. Pulmonary TB (PTB) case-patients receiving treatment for infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and healthy controls matched for geographic area, age, and sex were surveyed by using questionnaires.

HIV and intestinal parasite co-infections among a Chinese population: an immunological profile.

Background: Parasite infections often result in a switch of the human body's predominant immune reaction from T-helper 1 (Th1)-type to Th2-type. Hence, parasite infections are widely expected to accelerate the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In the People's Republic of China, both parasitic diseases and AIDS are epidemic in certain rural areas, and co-infections are relatively common.

[Survey on Blastocystis hominis infection in HIV positive individuals in Fuyang City, Anhui Province].

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of co-infection of HIV and Blastocystis hominis and its risk factors.

Methods: A total of 309 people with HIV positive in the development zone of Fuyang City were recruited, and the face to face questionnaires were conducted to collect the information of behavioral characteristics and sociodemographic data of the participants. Meanwhile, the samples of stool and blood were collected to test B.

Co-infection of HIV and intestinal parasites in rural area of China.

Background: Intestinal parasite infections (IPIs) are among the most significant causes of illness and disease of socially and economically disadvantaged populations in developing countries, including rural areas of the People's Republic of China. With the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among rural Chinese populations, there is ample scope for co-infections and there have been increasing fears about their effects. However, hardly any relevant epidemiological studies have been carried out in the country.

[Susceptibilities of Oncomelania hupensis snails to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia from different hosts].

Objective: To understand the susceptibilities of Oncomelania hupensis snails to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia from different hosts.

Methods: The Schistosoma japonicum eggs from different hosts, such as rabbits, cattle and mice were collected. These eggs were incubated for miracidia, respectively.

[A case-control study on depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients].

Objective: To study the current situation of depression and anxiety from patients with hypertension as well as to provide reference for the development of control and prevention program.

Methods: Participants older than 35-year including both hypertensive patients and healthy controls were randomly selected in 2 communities of Pukou district in Nanjing through Health Behavior Survey. All the subjects were assessed by the Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).

Better understanding the influence of cigarette smoking and indoor air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study in Mainland China.

Background And Objective: Although the association between COPD and smoking status (non-smoking, ex-smoking and current smoking) and indoor air pollution in Chinese populations is well established, the link between COPD and the number of cigarettes smoked has not been examined. This study investigated the relationship between the total amount of cigarettes smoked (TACS) and indoor air pollution, with the risk of COPD among urban and rural Chinese adults.

Methods: A nested case-control study was performed using data collected in a large community survey (N = 29 319) conducted between October 2000 and March 2001 in Nanjing, China.

The association between amount of cigarettes smoked and overweight, central obesity among Chinese adults in Nanjing, China.

Objectives: To examine the association between overweight, central obesity and cigarette smoking (total amount of cigarettes smoked [TACS] and status).

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: Administrative villages and neighborhoods (n=45) randomly selected from three urban districts and two rural counties in Nanjing City, China.

Prevalence of physician-diagnosed COPD and its association with smoking among urban and rural residents in regional mainland China.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed COPD and to explore the relationship between the total amount of cigarettes smoked (TACS) and COPD among urban and rural adults in Nanjing, China.

Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study conducted between October 2000 and March 2001.

Setting: Administrative villages (n = 45) randomly selected from three urban districts and two rural counties of Nanjing municipality, Jiangsu province, China, with an overall population of 5.

Family average income and body mass index above the healthy weight range among urban and rural residents in regional Mainland China.

Objective: To explore the relationship between family average income (FAI; an index of socio-economic status) and body mass index (BMI; a widely used, inexpensive indicator of weight status) above the healthy weight range in a region of Mainland China.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study, conducted between October 1999 and March 2000 on a sample of regular local residents aged 35 years or older who were selected by random cluster sampling.

Setting: Forty-five administrative villages selected from three urban districts and two rural counties of Nanjing municipality, Mainland China, with a regional population of 5.

Effects of pH management during deep hypothermic bypass on cerebral oxygenation: alpha-stat versus pH-stat.

Objective: There is a remarkable lack of scientific evidence to support the option to use alpha-stat or pH-stat management, as to which is more beneficial to brain protection during deep hypothermic CPB. This study examined cortical blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygenation, and brain oxygen consumption in relation to deep hypothermic CPB with alpha-stat or pH-stat management.

Methods: Twenty-two pigs were cooled with alpha-stat or pH-stat during CPB to 15 degrees C esophageal temperature.