Leaf epidermal micromorphology of (Zingiberaceae) from China and its systematic significance.

Leaf epidermal characteristics are important for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of many plants, but there is currently insufficient such data for this application in species. Therefore, the leaf epidermal micromorphology of 22 species in three sections of was investigated by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Differences between various taxonomic groups of Zingiberaceae were also compared to assess their phylogenetic and taxonomic significance.

Differential Impacts on Bacterial Composition and Abundance in Rhizosphere Compartments between Al-Tolerant and Al-Sensitive Soybean Genotypes in Acidic Soil.

In this study, two soybean genotypes . aluminum-tolerant Baxi 10 (BX10) and aluminum-sensitive Bendi 2 (BD2) were used as plant materials and the acidic red soil was used as growth medium. The soil layers from the inside to the outside of the root are: rhizospheric soil after washing (WRH), rhizospheric soil after brushing (BRH) and rhizospheric soil at two sides (SRH), respectively.

Enrichments/Derichments of Root-Associated Bacteria Related to Plant Growth and Nutrition Caused by the Growth of an -Transgenic Maize Line in the Field.

During the past decades, the effects of the transgenic crops on soil microbial communities have aroused widespread interest of scientists, which was mainly related to the health and growth of plants. In this study, the maize root-associated bacterial communities of () transgenic glyphosate-tolerant (GT) maize line CC-2 (CC2) and its recipient variety Zhengdan958 (Z958) were compared at the tasseling and flowering stages by high-throughput sequencing of V3-V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicons via Illumina MiSeq. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was also performed to analyze the gene abundance between CC2 and Z958.

Identification of Major Rhizobacterial Taxa Affected by a Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean Line via Shotgun Metagenomic Approach.

The worldwide commercial cultivation of transgenic crops, including glyphosate-tolerant (GT) soybeans, has increased widely during the past 20 years. However, it is accompanied with a growing concern about potential effects of transgenic crops on the soil microbial communities, especially on rhizosphere bacterial communities. Our previous study found that the GT soybean line NZL06-698 (N698) significantly affected rhizosphere bacteria, including some unidentified taxa, through 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) V4 region amplicon deep sequencing via Illumina MiSeq.

Impact of Glyphosate on the Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of An -Transgenic Soybean Line ZUTS31 by Metagenome Sequencing.

Background: The worldwide use of glyphosate has dramatically increased, but also has been raising concern over its impact on mineral nutrition, plant pathogen, and soil microbiota. To date, the bulk of previous studies still have shown different results on the effect of glyphosate application on soil rhizosphere microbial communities.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify whether glyphosate has impact on nitrogen-fixation, pathogen or disease suppression, and rhizosphere microbial community of a soybean EPSPS-transgenic line ZUTS31 in one growth season.

Effects of an EPSPS-transgenic soybean line ZUTS31 on root-associated bacterial communities during field growth.

The increased worldwide commercial cultivation of transgenic crops during the past 20 years is accompanied with potential effects on the soil microbial communities, because many rhizosphere and endosphere bacteria play important roles in promoting plant health and growth. Previous studies reported that transgenic plants exert differential effects on soil microbial communities, especially rhizobacteria. Thus, this study compared the soybean root-associated bacterial communities between a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase -transgenic soybean line (ZUTS31 or simply Z31) and its recipient cultivar (Huachun3 or simply HC3) at the vegetative, flowering, and seed-filling stages.

Impact of a Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean Line on the Rhizobacteria, Revealed by Illumina MiSeq.

The global commercial cultivation of transgenic crops, including glyphosate-tolerant soybean, has increased widely in recent decades with potential impact on the environment. The bulk of previous studies showed different results on the effects of the release of transgenic plants on the soil microbial community, especially rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, comparative analyses of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils and surrounding soils were performed between the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line NZL06-698 (or simply N698), containing a glyphosate-insensitive gene, and its control cultivar Mengdou12 (or simply MD12), by a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicon sequencing-based Illumina MiSeq platform.

[Changes in public health awareness of traditional Chinese medicine in Shanghai in the late Qing Dynasty].

Public health awareness existed in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) long ago. In the process of Shanghai's modernization and in competition with Western medicine, TCM in Shanghai has gradually accepted the modern public health awareness, fostering its strengths, circumventing its weaknesses and playing an important role in the local public health service. To study the vicissitude of TCM public health awareness at this time will be helpful to further understand the modern history of TCM and also provide useful reference for further participation of TCM in modern public health enterprise.

Effect of methamidophos and urea application on microbial communities in soils as determined by microbial biomass and community level physiological profiles.

In this study, we evaluated the effect of the application by two agrochemicals, methamidophos (O,S-dimethyl phosphoroamidothioate) and urea, on microbial diversity in soil, using the combined approaches of soil microbial biomass analysis and community level physiological profiles (CLPPs). The results showed that both a low and a high level of methamidophos application (CS2 and CS3) and urea application (CS4) significantly decreased microbial biomass C (Cmic) by 41-83% compared with the control (CS1). The soil organic C (Corg) values of CS3 and CS4 were significantly higher and lower by 24% and 14%, respectively, than that of CS1.

[Investigation on "gout" and comparison of disorder between Chinese and Western medicine in pre-Song-yuan dynasty].

Before the Song-Yuan dynasties, it was claimed that "gout" is the result of heat in the blood plus invasion of wind, cold, or dampness, leading to coagulation of turbid dampness in the channel-collaterals, characterized by arthralgia, exacerbated in the nighttime. "Gout" was first seen in the Ming yi bie lu (Other Records of Famous Physicians) of the Liang dynasty. Before that, it was categorized under "bi" syndrome.